Timeline of Moscow
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Prior to 16th century
- 1147 – Yuri Dolgoruki had a meeting with Sviatoslav Olgovich in a place called Moscow. First mentioning about Moscow in manuscript.[1]
- 1237 – The 'grad of Moscow' destroyed by the Mongols.
- 1272 – Daniil Aleksandrovich becomes Grand Prince of Moscow.[2]
- 1283 – Grand Duchy of Moscow territory established.
- 1300 – The Kremlin, or fort, was enclosed by a strong wall of earth and timber.[1]
- 1303 – Yuriy Danilovich becomes Grand Prince of Moscow.[2]
- 1325 – Seat of "metropolitan of Central Russia" relocated to Moscow.[3]
- 1327 – Uspensky Church consecrated.[1]
- 1328 – Ivan I becomes Grand Prince of Moscow.[2]
- 1333 – St. Michael cathedral built.[3]
- 1339 – The 'grad of Moscow' rebuilt in oak.
- 1341 – Simeon Ivanovich Gordyi becomes Grand Prince of Moscow.[2]
- 1353 – Ivan II becomes Grand Prince of Moscow.[2]
- 1358 – Chudov Monastery founded.[1]
- 1362 – Dmitry Donskoy becomes Grand Prince of Moscow.[2]
- 1367 – Moscow Kremlin (citadel) founded.[3]
- 1369 – Moscow besieged.[4]
- 1382 – Siege of Moscow (1382).[4]
- 1386 – Nativity Convent (Rozhdestvensky convent) founded.[1]
- 1389
- Vasily I becomes Grand Prince of Moscow.[2]
- Ascension Convent founded in the Kremlin (approximate date).
- 1397
- Sretensky Monastery founded.
- Blagovyeshchensk Cathedral built.[1]
- 1425 – Vasily II becomes Grand Prince of Moscow.[2]
- 1462 – Ivan III becomes Grand Prince of Moscow.[2]
- 1479 – Dormition Cathedral built in the Kremlin.[3]
- 1491 – Spasskaya Gate built.[1]
- 1492 – Palace of Facets (Granovitaya Palata) – state banqueting hall.[1]
- 1495 – "Dungeons built under the Kremlin's Trinity Tower."[5]
16th–17th centuries
- 1502 – 14 April: Coronation of Ivan III as Grand Prince of Moscow.
- 1505 – Vasili III becomes Grand Prince of Moscow.[2]
- 1508 – Cathedral of the Archangel[1] and Ivan the Great Bell Tower built.
- 1520 – Moscow said to contain "45,000 houses and 100,000 inhabitants".[1]
- 1524/5 – Novodevichy Convent constructed.[1]
- 1533 – Ivan the Terrible becomes Grand Prince of Moscow.[2]
- 1547
- 1555 – Muscovy Trading Company of England active.
- 1560 – Saint Basil's Cathedral built.[1][7]
- 1564 – Ivan Fyodorov (printer) active; Moscow Print Yard established.
- 1571 – City taken by Tartar forces from Crimea.[4][1]
- 1576 – Paper mill established.[8]
- 1591 – Donskoy Monastery founded.
- 1593 – Bely Gorod wall built.
- 1598 – Time of Troubles (ended 1613).
- 1600 – Zaikonospassky monastery founded.
- 1601 – Famine.
- 1611 – City taken by forces of Sigismund III of Poland.[3]
- 1612 – Moscow Uprising of 1612.
- 1636 – Kazan Cathedral consecrated.
- 1652
- Nativity Church at Putinki built.
- German Quarter developed near city.[7]
- 1656 – Church of the Twelve Apostles dedicated in the Kremlin.
- 1661 – Saviour Cathedral built.
- 1662 – Copper Riot.
- 1672 – Chorina Comedy Theatre is founded.
- 1682 – Moscow Uprising of 1682.
- 1687 – Greek Latin School established.
- 1689 – Moscow Theological Academy Library established.[9]
- 1692 – Vysokopetrovsky Monastery katholikon (church) built.
- 1698 – Streltsy Uprising.
18th century
- 1701 – Sukharev Tower built.
- 1702 – Public theatre active.[7]
- 1703
- Vedomosti newspaper begins publication.[7]
- Peter the Great "encounters opposition" in Moscow which compels him to leave.[1]
- 1708 – Moscow Governorate established.
- 1712 – Russian capital relocated from Moscow to Saint Petersburg.[7]
- 1721 – Moscow Synodal Choir founded.
- 1728 – Russian capital moved back to Moscow under influence of the Supreme Privy Council.
- 1732 – Russian capital relocated back to Saint Petersburg.
- 1735 – Tsar Bell cast.
- 1739 – Fire.[3]
- 1742 – Rampart built.
- 1748 – Fire.[3][10]
- 1750 – Population: (approx) 150,000.[1]
- 1752 – Fire.[11]
- 1755 – Imperial University founded.[3][1]
- 1764 – Foundling Hospital built.[3]
- 1764 – Moscow Orphanage founded.
- 1765 – Novodevichii Institute founded.
- 1765 – Maiden Field Theatre founded.
- 1766 – Russian Theatre founded.
- 1769 – Znamensky Theatre founded.
- 1771
- Chudov Monastery re-built.[1]
- Plague.
- September: Plague Riot.
- Vvedenskoye Cemetery in use (approximate date).
- 1772 – Commercial School founded.[12]
- 1773 – Catherine Palace reconstruction begins.
- 1775 – Platon Levshin becomes Metropolitan of Moscow.
- 1777 – Preobrazhenskoye Cemetery inaugurated near city.
- 1780 – Petrovsky Palace founded.
- 1782 – Police Board established.[12]
- 1786 – Pashkov House built.
- 1787 – Senate House built.[13]
- 1790 – Peterburskoye Schosse road paved.[citation needed]
- 1792 – Tverskaya Square laid out.
19th century
- 1805 – Moscow Society of Naturalists founded.[14]
- 1806 – Maly Theatre founded.
- 1809 – Shchepkin Theatre School established.
- 1812
- French invasion.
- September: Fire of Moscow (1812).[3][11]
- Population: 250,000 [1]
- 1816 – Kremlin rebuilt.[4]
- 1817 – Excise office built.[4]
- 1821 – Philaret Drozdov becomes Metropolitan of Moscow.
- 1823 – Alexander Garden laid out.
- 1825 – Bolshoi Theatre opens.
- 1830 – Moscow Craft School established.
- 1849 – Grand Kremlin Palace built.
- 1851
- Moscow – Saint Petersburg Railway begins operating.[4]
- Saint Petersburg railway station and Kremlin Armoury building constructed.
- 1856
- The Russian Messenger (literary magazine) begins publication.
- Tretyakov Gallery initiated.[1]
- 1861
- Petushki–Moscow railway built.[citation needed]
- Public museum established.[3]
- 1862
- Nizhny Novgorod-Moscow railway built.[citation needed]
- Rumiantsev Library established.
- Moscow Yaroslavsky railway station built.
- 1864 – Kazansky railway station opens.
- 1865
- Golitzyn museum established.[3]
- Industrial exhibit held.[3]
- Tolstoy's War and Peace begins publication in The Russian Messenger.
- 1866 – Moscow Conservatory and Moscow Merchant Bank[15] founded.
- 1867 – Einem brothers chocolate factory founded.
- 1868 – Borodinsky Bridge built.
- 1870 – Belorussky railway station opens.
- 1871
- 1872
- State Historical Museum founded.
- Moscow University for Women founded.
- 1877 – Premiere of Tchaikovsky's Swan Lake ballet.
- 1878 – Sokolniki Park established.
- 1880 – Pushkin statue installed in Strastnaya Square.
- 1882 – Population: 753,469.[1]
- 1883
- Cathedral of Christ the Saviour consecrated.[3][1]
- Redesign of coat of arms of Moscow adopted.
- 1885 – Private Opera established.
- 1887 – Morozovtsi Orekhovo-Zuevo Moskva (football club) formed.
- 1891 – May: French exhibit opens.[3]
- 1892 – City Hall built.
- 1893 – Bazaar built in Kitay-Gorod.[1]
- 1894 – Moscow Hermitage Garden opens.
- 1896
- 26 May: Coronation of Nicholas II.[3]
- 30 May: Khodynka Tragedy.
- December: Student demonstration.[3]
- Museum of History of Moscow founded.
- Kursky railway station built.
- 1897
- Russian Electrical Theatre (cinema) opens.[17]
- Population: 988,610.
- 1898
- Moscow Art Theatre founded.
- All-Russia Insurance Company building constructed.
- Novodevichy Cemetery inaugurated.
- 1899
- 6 April: First electric Moscow tram begins operating.
- 7 November: Premiere of Chekhov's Uncle Vanya.
- Moscow City Chess Championship active.
- "Student agitation" begins.[3]
- 1900
- Paveletsky railway station built.
- Population: 1,023,817.[3]
20th century
1900s–1940s
- 1901 – Rizhsky railway station built.
- 1902 – Savyolovsky railway station built.
- 1903
- Zimin Opera founded.
- Hotel National in business.
- 1904
- 29 June: 1904 Moscow tornado.[3]
- Yaroslavsky railway station rebuilt.
- 1905 – Moscow Uprising of 1905.[18]
- 1907
- Moscow Little Ring Railway begins operating.
- Hotel Metropol built.
- Population: 1,359,254.[1]
- 1908 – Moscow Public University established.
- 1912
- Durov Animal Theater founded.
- Museum of Fine Arts opens.[19]
- Borodinsky Bridge rebuilt.
- 1913
- Spaso House (residence) built.
- Population: 1,817,100.[20]
- 1914 – Shchukin Theatre Institute founded.
- 1916 – Automobile Moscow Society factory established.
- 1917 – 25 October-2 November: Moscow Bolshevik Uprising.
- 1918
- March: City becomes capital of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.
- July: Left SR uprising.
- Moscow Soviet of People's Deputies established.
- Kiyevsky railway station built.
- Izvestia newspaper in publication.[21]
- 1919
- March: Founding Congress of the Comintern held.
- Moscow State Jewish Theater established.
- 1920 – Treaty of Moscow (1920)
- 1921
- Moscow Children's Theatre opens.
- Moscow Institute of Oriental Studies established.
- 1921 – Treaty of Moscow (1921)
- 1922 – Moscow Sport Circle (football club) formed.
- 1923 – Moscow Municipal Council of Professional Unions theatre founded.[22]
- 1924
- Lenin Mausoleum established.
- All-Union Radio begins broadcasting.
- 1925
- Lenin Library active.
- Yermolova Theatre founded.[23]
- 1928 – Rusakov Workers' Club and Zuev Workers' Club buildings constructed.
- 1929
- Moscow Oblast and Moscow Circus School established.
- Kauchuk Factory Club built.
- 1930 – Moscow State Institute for History and Archives and Moscow Institute of Steel and Alloys established.
- 1934 – Museum of Architecture founded.
- 1935
- 15 May: Moscow Metro begins operating.
- Hotel Moskva in business.
- 1936
- Moscow Trials begin in the House of the Unions.
- 2 May: Premiere of Prokofiev's Peter and the Wolf.
- 1937
- Smolensky Metro Bridge built.
- Volga-Moscow canal opens.[6]
- 1938 – Gorbunov Palace of Culture (concert hall), Bolshoy Kamenny Bridge, and Bolshoy Ustinsky Bridge built.
- 1939 – Population: 4,137,018.[24]
- 1941 – October: Battle of Moscow begins.
- 1942 – January: Battle of Moscow ends.
- 1943 – Laboratory No. 2 of the USSR Academy of Sciences established.[25]
- 1945 – 24 June: Moscow Victory Parade of 1945.
- 1948 – Museum of Lenin's funeral train founded.
1950s–1990s
- 1953 – 5 March: Joseph Stalin dies.[26]
- 1954 – Hotel Leningradskaya built.
- 1957
- Moscow Central Clinical Hospital opened.
- City hosts Ice hockey world championship
- City hosts 6th World Festival of Youth and Students.
- 1959
- Moscow International Film Festival officially starts with its debut edition.
- Population: 5,032,000.
- 24 July: Nixon–Khrushchev Kitchen Debate occurs at the American National Exhibition.
- 1960
- Peoples' Friendship University founded.[23]
- Moscow Ring Road is the new city border. Tushino, Babushkin, Perovo, Kuntsevo, Lyublino became parts of Moscow.
- Over five million Muscovites are vaccinated in order to end the 1959–1960 Moscow smallpox outbreak.
- 1961
- Rossiya Cinema built.
- October: American Committee for Non-Violent Action peace walkers arrive in Moscow.[27]
- 1962
- Moscow City Archives established.[28]
- Moscow Domodedovo Airport opens.
- 1963 – Nuclear Test Ban Treaty signed in Moscow.[29]
- 1964 – Taganka Theatre founded.[22]
- 1965 – Population: 6,366,000.[30]
- 1966 – Gorizont Cinema opens.[31]
- 1968 – 25 August: 1968 Red Square demonstration.
- 1970 – Population: 6,941,961.
- 1971 – Great Moscow State Circus auditorium opens.
- 1979
- Spartak Tennis Club built.
- Moscow Virtuosi orchestra formed.[22]
- 1980 – 1980 Summer Olympics held.
- 1981 – Moscow International Peace Marathon begins.
- 1982 – Satyricon Theatre opens its doors.[22]
- 1985 – Population: 8,642,000.[32]
- 1988 – Moscow People's Front organized.[33]
- 1989
- August: Moscow Music Peace Festival.
- Population: 8,967,332.
- 1990
- Gavriil Kharitonovich Popov becomes mayor.
- Moscow Federation of Trade Unions[34] and Sobinbank[34] founded.
- Kremlin Cup tennis tournament begins.
- 1991
- August: 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt.
- Moscow Chamber of Commerce[34] and Russian State University for the Humanities established.
- Prix Benois de la Danse (ballet contest) begins.
- 1992
- Moscow Interbank Currency Exchange and Russian Institute of Strategic Studies[35] established.
- Yury Luzhkov becomes mayor.[36]
- Moscow Times English-language newspaper begins publication.
- Figure Skating Federation of Russia headquartered in city.
- 1993
- Moscow designated capital of the Russian Federation per Constitution.[37]
- TV-6 begins broadcasting.
- Moscow City Duma and American Center in Moscow founded.
- Kazan Cathedral reconstructed.
- 1995
- Arch Moscow exhibit begins.
- Hungry Duck bar in business.
- Monument erected in Victory Park.[38]
- 1996 – 11 November: Kotlyakovskoya Cemetery bombing.
- 1997
- Memorial Mosque built on Poklonnaya Hill.[38][39]
- Moscow Marathon Luzhniki begins.
- 1999 – September: Apartment bombing.
- 2000 – City becomes part of the Central Federal District.[citation needed]
21st century
- 2002 – 23–26 October: Moscow theater hostage crisis.[36]
- 2003
- Moscow International Performing Arts Centre opens.
- 9 December: 2003 Red Square bombing.
- Federation Tower construction begins.
- 2004
- Moscow Monorail begins operating.
- Grand Prix of Moscow cycling race begins.
- February 2004 Moscow Metro bombing.[36]
- August 2004 Moscow Metro bombing.
- 2005
- Moscow Biennale of Contemporary Art begins.
- 2 July: Live 8 concert, Moscow held in Red Square.
- 2006
- 21 August: 2006 Moscow market bombing.
- Protest against ban of Moscow Pride.
- IgroMir (gaming exhibit) begins.
- Triumph Palace erected in the Sokol neighborhood.
- 2007
- Museum of Soviet Arcade Machines established.
- Naberezhnaya Tower built.
- 2009
- City of Capitals built.
- Eurovision Song Contest held.
- Kirill becomes Patriarch of Moscow and all Russia.
- 2010
- 29 March: 2010 Moscow Metro bombings.[36]
- Vladimir Resin becomes mayor, succeeded by Sergey Sobyanin.
- 2011
- 24 January: Domodedovo International Airport bombing.[36]
- Moscow Exchange established.
- 2012 – March: Arrest of Pussy Riot (musical group) performers.
- 2013
- 8 September: Moscow mayoral election, 2013.
- 2014 – Peace Procession against war in Ukraine
- Population: 11,794,282.
- 2015
- 27 February: Politician Nemtsov assassinated.[36]
- Gulag museum opens.[40]
- 2016 – 10 September: Moscow Central Ring of the Little Ring of the Moscow Railway begins operating.
- 2018
- 5 May – Cossack consplayers attacking to people, mainly to scholars.
- FIFA World Cup 2018 in Russia. Luzhniki and Spartak stadiums host matches.
- 2020
- August – Destroying of the Moscow trolley system.
See also
- History of Moscow
- List of heads of Moscow
- List of metropolitans and patriarchs of Moscow
- List of theatres in Moscow
- Timelines of other cities in the Central Federal District of Russia: Smolensk, Voronezh
