Turnpike trusts in North West England

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This is a list of turnpike trusts that maintained roads in North West England.

Between 1663 and 1836, the Parliament of Great Britain and the Parliament of the United Kingdom passed a series of acts of Parliament that created organisations – turnpike trusts – that collected road tolls, and used the money to repair the road. These applied to major roads, around a fifth of the road network.[1] The turnpike system was phased out in the 1870s, and major roads transitioned in the 1880s to the maintenance of the new county councils.

The counties used for these lists are the historic counties of England that existed at the time of the turnpike trusts. This article lists those in the north west of England: Cheshire, Cumberland, Lancashire, and Westmorland.

Trust Founded Initial act
Citation Title
  • Ashton Lane End and Frodsham Turnpike Trust
178626 Geo. 3. c. 139Cheshire Roads Act 1786
An Act for widening, amending, and keeping in Repair the Road from Flookersbrook Bridge within the Township of Newton, near Chester, to the South End of Wilderspool Causeway, and from the Market Town of Frodsham to Ashton Lane End in the Township of Ashton, in the County of Chester.
  • Chester and Frodsham Turnpike Trust
178626 Geo. 3. c. 139Cheshire Roads Act 1786
An Act for widening, amending, and keeping in Repair the Road from Flookersbrook Bridge within the Township of Newton, near Chester, to the South End of Wilderspool Causeway, and from the Market Town of Frodsham to Ashton Lane End in the Township of Ashton, in the County of Chester.
  • Chester and Tarvin Turnpike Trust
17699 Geo. 3. c. 94Stafford and Chester Roads Act 1769
An Act for repealing so much of Two several Acts of Parliament, made and passed in the Seventeenth and Twenty-eighth Years of the Reign of His late Majesty King George the Second, as relate to the Road from the End of the County of Stafford, in the Post Road, towards the City of Chester, through Woor in the County of Salop, to Nantwich in the County of Chester, and from Nantwich to Tarporley, and from thence, through Tarvin in the said County of Chester, to the said City of Chester; and for more effectually repairing, widening, and supporting the same Road; and also for repairing and widening the Road from Northwich, in the said County of Chester, to the Cross in Tarvin aforesaid.
  • Chester and Whitchurch Turnpike Trust
175933 Geo. 2. c. 51Chester to Birmingham Road Act 1759
An Act for repairing and widening the Road from the Bars at Boughton, within the Liberties of the City of Chester, to Whitchurch, and from thence to Newport in the County of Salop, to Ivetsey Bank in the County of Stafford, and from thence to Castle Bromwich and Stone Bridge in the Parish of Hampton on Arden, in the County of Warwick, and from Castle Bromwich to Birmingham in the same County.
  • Chester and Wrexham Turnpike Trust
175125 Geo. 2. c. 22Shrewsbury and Wrexham Road Act 1751
An Act for repairing the Roads from the Town of Shrewsbury, through Ellesmere in the County of Salop, and Overton in the County of Flint, to Wrexham in the County of Denbigh.
  • Chester, Neston and Woodside Ferry Turnpike Trust
178727 Geo. 3. c. 93Chester Roads Act 1787
An Act for amending and widening the Roads from the City of Chester to the Woodside Ferry in the Township of Birkenhead in the County of Chester, and from the said City to the Assembly House in Parkgate in the Township of Great Neston in the said County, and from Great Neston aforesaid to the said Woodside Ferry, and from the Road leading from the City of Chester to Parkgate aforesaid, to the Road leading from the same City to the said Woodside Ferry.
  • Congleton and Buxton Turnpike Trust
  • Congleton to Prestbury Turnpike Trust
178929 Geo. 3. c. 93Chester and Derby Roads Act 1789
An Act for amending, widening, and keeping in Repair the Road leading from Congleton to Colley Bridge, and from the said Bridge to Smithy Green, in the Parish of Prestbury, in the County of Chester; and for setting out and making new Roads from Smithy Green aforesaid, to join a Branch from the Leek Turnpike Road at Thatchmarsh Bottom, in the Parish of Hartington in the County of Derby, and from the first mentioned Road to the Havannah Mills.
Cranage and Warrington Turnpike Trust175326 Geo. 2. c. 62Cheshire Roads Act 1753
An Act for repairing and widening the Roads from Henshall's Smithy, upon Cranage Green, through the Town of Nether Knutsford, and by the South Guide Post in Mere and Bucklow Hill, to the Town of Altrincham, in the County Palatine of Chester, and from the said Guide Post to Warrington, in the County of Lancaster, and from Bucklow Hill aforesaid to Penny's Lane, near Northwich, in the said County of Chester.
Frodsham and Wilderspool Turnpike Trust178626 Geo. 3. c. 139Cheshire Roads Act 1786
An Act for widening, amending, and keeping in Repair the Road from Flookersbrook Bridge within the Township of Newton, near Chester, to the South End of Wilderspool Causeway, and from the Market Town of Frodsham to Ashton Lane End in the Township of Ashton, in the County of Chester.
  • Hinderton and Birkenhead Turnpike Trust
  • Little Neston to Hoose Turnpike Trust
18267 Geo. 4. c. xixLittle Neston and Hoose, and Upton and Birkenhead Roads (Cheshire) Act 1826
An Act for making and maintaining a Turnpike Road, commencing at or near a certain House called The Shrewsbury Arms, situate at Hinderton in the Township of Little Neston, by way of Upton, and terminating in the Township of Hoose, and from Upton aforesaid to the Township of Birkenhead, and also certain Branches of Road to communicate therewith, all in the County Palatine of Chester.
Holmes Chapel and Chelford Turnpike Trust179737 Geo. 3. c. 157Hulmes Chapel and Chelford Road Act 1797
An Act for amending, altering, widening, improving, and keeping in repair, the road from the present turnpike road at Hulmes Chapel in the county palatine of Chester, leading from Hulmes Chapel to Knutsford, to the south bridge in Chelford, in the said county, near to Chelford Chapel.
  • Hyde and Mottram Turnpike Trust
  • Manchester, Hyde and Mottram Turnpike Trust
181858 Geo. 3. c. viManchester and Hyde Turnpike Road Act 1818
An Act for making and maintaining a Turnpike Road from near the Town of Manchester in the County of Lancaster to Hyde Lane Bridge in the County of Chester.
  • Lawton and Cranage Turnpike Trust
17304 Geo. 2. c. 3Cheshire Roads Act 1730
An Act for repairing the Roads leading from the most Southern Part of Butt Lane, in the Parish of Lawton, in the County Palatine of Chester, to Lawton; and from thence to Henshal's Smithy, upon Cranage Green, in the said County.
  • Macclesfield and Buxton Turnpike Trust
175832 Geo. 2. c. 41Macclesfield and Buxton Road Act 1758
An Act for repairing and widening the Road from the Cross at Broken Cross in Macclesfield in the County of Chester, through Macclesfield Forest, to the present Turnpike Road at the South End of the Township of Buxton in the County of Derby.
  • Macclesfield and Congleton Turnpike Trust
179636 Geo. 3. c. 148Macclesfield and Congleton Road Act 1796
An act for altering, widening, improving, and keeping in repair, the road leading from Macclesfield, by Broken Cross, to Congleton, all in the county palatine of Chester.
  • Macclesfield and Nether Tabley Turnpike Trust
17699 Geo. 3. c. 65Macclesfield and Nether Tabley Road Act 1769
An Act to repair and widen the Road from the Broken Cross in Macclesfield, in the County of Chester, over the Long Mots and Monks Heath to the Turnpike Road in Nether Tabley, in the said County; and for turning and exchanging Part of the said Road.
  • Macclesfield District of Sandon Turnpike Trust
17622 Geo. 3. c. 42Stafford and Chester Roads Act 1762
An Act for repairing, widening, and altering, the Road from Sandon in the County of Stafford, to Bullock Smithy in the County of Chester; and from Hilderstone to Draycott in the Moors, and from Wetley Rocks to Tean in the said County of Stafford.
  • Manchester and Buxton Turnpike Trust
175832 Geo. 2. c. 41Macclesfield and Buxton Road Act 1758
An Act for repairing and widening the Road from the Cross at Broken Cross in Macclesfield in the County of Chester, through Macclesfield Forest, to the present Turnpike Road at the South End of the Township of Buxton in the County of Derby.
  • Nantwich and Congleton Turnpike Trust
18355 & 6 Will. 4. c. xxxviiSandbach and Congleton Turnpike Road (Cheshire) Act 1835
An Act for making and maintaining a Road from Sandbach to Congleton in the County Palatine of Chester, and a Branch Road communicating therewith.
  • Nantwich and Middlewich Turnpike Trust
18355 & 6 Will. 4. c. xxxviiSandbach and Congleton Turnpike Road (Cheshire) Act 1835
An Act for making and maintaining a Road from Sandbach to Congleton in the County Palatine of Chester, and a Branch Road communicating therewith.
  • Nantwich and Weelock Road Turnpike Trust
181656 Geo. 3. c. xvNantwich to Wheelock Wharf Turnpike Road Act 1816
An Act for making and maintaining a Turnpike Road from the Town of Nantwicb, to Wheelock Wharf, in the Township of Sandbach, in the County Palatine of Chester.
  • Nantwich and Woore Turnpike Trust
174317 Geo. 2. c. 24Litchfield Roads Act 1743
An Act for more effectually repairing the Roads from Coleshill, in the County of Warwick, through the City of Litchfield, to Stone, in the County of Stafford, and from thence to the City of Chester; and for amending other Roads therein mentioned.
  • Newcastle under Lyme and Nantwich Turnpike Trust
17666 Geo. 3. c. 89Stafford and Chester Roads Act 1766
An Act for repairing and widening the Road leading from the Bottom of Church Lane in the Town of Newcastle under Lane in the County of Stafford, to the Turnpike Road leading from Woor to Chester near the Town of Nantwich in the County of Chester, and from Chesterton through Alderley and Balterly to Ghorsly Hill.
  • Northwich and Kensall Turnpike Trust
17699 Geo. 3. c. 94Stafford and Chester Roads Act 1769
An Act for repealing so much of Two several Acts of Parliament, made and passed in the Seventeenth and Twenty-eighth Years of the Reign of His late Majesty King George the Second, as relate to the Road from the End of the County of Stafford, in the Post Road, towards the City of Chester, through Woor in the County of Salop, to Nantwich in the County of Chester, and from Nantwich to Tarporley, and from thence, through Tarvin in the said County of Chester, to the said City of Chester; and for more effectually repairing, widening, and supporting the same Road; and also for repairing and widening the Road from Northwich, in the said County of Chester, to the Cross in Tarvin aforesaid.
  • Runcorn and Northwich Turnpike Trust
181959 Geo. 3. c. lxxxvRuncorn and Northwich Turnpike Road Act 1819
An Act for making and maintaining a Turnpike Road from Runcorn to Northwich, in the County Palatine of Chester.
  • Sandbach and Congleton Turnpike Trust
18355 & 6 Will. 4. c. xxxviiSandbach and Congleton Turnpike Road (Cheshire) Act 1835
An Act for making and maintaining a Road from Sandbach to Congleton in the County Palatine of Chester, and a Branch Road communicating therewith.
  • Spann Smithy, Booth Lane and Winsford Turnpike Trust
175326 Geo. 2. c. 84Span Smithy, Winsford Bridge and Northwich Roads Act 1753
An Act for repairing and widening the Roads from Spann Smithy in the Township of Elton, through the Town of Middlewich, and by Spittle Hill in Stanthorne to Winsford Bridge, and from Spittle Hill to the Town of Northwich, in the County Palatine of Chester.
  • Spann Smithy, Linley Lane Turnpike Trust
178828 Geo. 3. c. 104Chester and Stafford Roads Act 1788
An Act for amending, widening, and keeping in Repair the Road from Spann Smithy in the County of Chester, to Talk in the County of Stafford.
  • Stayley Turnpike Trust
179333 Geo. 3. c. 140Yorkshire Derby and Chester Roads Act 1793
An Act for making and maintaining a Road from or nearly from French Top, in the Parish of Saddleworth, in the West Riding of the County of York, to Brookhouses in the Parish of Glossop, in the County of Derby, and for repairing and altering the Road leading from or nearly from a Close called Copley Meadow in Stayley, to or near to Stayley Bridge, in the County of Chester.
  • Stockport and Ashton Turnpike Trust
17655 Geo. 3. c. 100Chester, Lancaster and Yorks Roads Act 1765
An Act for repairing and widening the Road from Stockport in the County of Chester, to Saxon's Lane End in the County of Lancaster; and from the Cross in Ashton under Line in the said County of Lancaster to Doctor's Lane Head, in the County of York; and also the Road branching out of the said first mentioned Road in the Township of Bredbury to Mottram, in the said County of Chester.
  • Stockport and Warrington Turnpike Trust
18201 Geo. 4. c. xxviiiStockport and Warrington Road Act 1820
An Act for making and maintaining a Turnpike Road from or nearly from the Town of Stockport, in the County Palatine of Chester, to or near unto the Town of Warrington, in the County Palatine of Lancaster, and a Branch of Road to communicate therewith.
  • Stockport to Marple Bridge Turnpike Trust
180141 Geo. 3. (U.K.) c. xcviiiStockport and Marple Bridge Road Act 1801
An Act for making, widening, and repairing the Road from the Old Bridge, in the Town of Stockport, in the County of Chester, through the several Townships of Stockport, Offerton, and Marple, to or near Marple Bridge, all in the said County, and a Branch from the said Road in the Township of Marple aforesaid, through the Village of New Mills, to or near Thornset Gate, both in the County of Derby, and another Branch from or near Thornset Gate aforesaid, through the Village of New Mills aforesaid, to or near the present Road, in the Township of Disley, in the said County of Chester.
  • Tarporley and Whitchurch Turnpike Trust
182910 Geo. 4. c. lxxviiTarporley and Whitchurch Turnpike Road (Cheshire, Salop.) Act 1829
An Act for making and maintaining a Turnpike Road between the Town of Tarporley in the County Palatine of Chester and the Town of Whitchurch in the County of Salop.
  • Tarporley to Acton Forge Turnpike Trust
178222 Geo. 3. c. 106Tarporley to Weverham Road Act 1782
An Act for repairing and widening the Road from Tarporley, in the County Palatine of Chester, to Acton Bridge, near Weverham, in the same County.
  • Thornset Turnpike Trust
18311 & 2 Will. 4. c. xviiThornset and Disley Road (Derbyshire, Cheshire) Act 1831
An Act for making and maintaining a Road from Thornset in the County of Derby to Furnace Colliery within Disley in the County of Chester, and Two several Branches therefrom.
  • Washway (Crossford Bridge to Altringham) Turnpike Trust
179636 Geo. 3. c. 143Crossford Bridge and Altrincham Road Act 1796
An act for repairing and amending the road leading from Crossford Bridge within Stretford, in the county palatine of Lancaster, to Altrincham in the county palatine of Chester.
  • Wilmslow Turnpike Trust
  • Manchester and Wilmslow Turnpike Trust
179333 Geo. 3. c. 170Manchester to Wilmslow Road Act 1793
An Act for repairing, widening, altering, diverting, and turning the Road from Ardwick Green, near Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, to the New Bridge at the Corn Mills at Wilmslow, in the County of Chester.
  • Wilmslow to Church Lawton Turnpike Trust
178121 Geo. 3. c. 82Cheshire Roads Act 1781
An Act for repairing and widening the Road from Wilmslow Bridge, in Wilmslow, in the County of Chester, through Nether Alderley and the Town of Congleton, to or near the Red Bull, in Church Lawton, in the said County.
  • Wrexham to Barnhill Turnpike Trust

Cumberland

Trust Founded Initial act
Citation Title
  • Alston Turnpike Trust
  • Burtryford Road (Alston New Road) Turnpike Trust
177818 Geo. 3. c. 116Hexham to Alston Road Act 1778
An Act for altering, repairing and widening, the Road from Summer Rods Bar, near the Town of Hexham, in the County of Northumberland, to the Town of Alston, in the County of Cumberland.
  • Brampton and Longtown Turnpike Trust
180747 Geo. 3 Sess. 2. c. xvRoad from Brampton to Longtown (Cumberland) Act 1807
An Act for amending and keeping in Repair the Road from Brampton to Longtown, in the County of Cumberland, and for erecting a Bridge over the River Line upon the said Road.
  • Brougham Bridge Turnpike Trust
181252 Geo. 3. c. cxxiiBrougham and Penrith Road Act 1812
An Act for amending and keeping in Repair the Road from Brampton to Longtown, in the County of Cumberland, and for erecting a Bridge over the River Line upon the said Road.
  • Carlisle and Brampton Turnpike Trust
18289 Geo. 4. c. xxRoad from Carlisle to Brampton Act 1828
An Act for making and maintaining a Turnpike Road from the City of Carlisle in the County of Cumberland, by way of Warwick Bridge, to the Market Town of Brampton in the said County.
  • Carlisle and Eamont Bridge Turnpike Trust
175326 Geo. 2. c. 40Carlisle and Eamont Bridge Road Act 1753
An Act for repairing the Roads from the City of Carlisle to the Town of Penrith, in the County of Cumberland, and from the said Town of Penrith to Emont Bridge, which divides the Counties of Cumberland and Westmorland.
  • Carlisle and Temon (Military Road) Turnpike Trust
175024 Geo. 2. c. 25Carlisle and Newcastle Road Act 1750
An Act for laying out, making, and keeping in Repair, a Road proper for the Passage of Troops and Carriages, from the City of Carlisle, to the Town of Newcastle upon Tyne.
  • Carlisle to Skillbeck Turnpike Trust
17677 Geo. 3. c. 83Cumberland Roads Act 1766
An Act for repairing and widening the Road from Shaddon Gate near Carlisle to the present Turnpike Road between Binsey Mires and North Raw Gate, to join the Turnpike Road at Skillbeck in the County of Cumberland.
  • Cockermouth and Carlisle Turnpike Trust
18245 Geo. 4. c. viiCarlisle and Cockermouth Roads Act 1824
An Act for more effectually amending, improving and keeping in Repair the Roads from the City of Carlisle to the Market Town of Cockermouth in the County of Cumberland.
  • Cockermouth and Maryport Turnpike Trust
18256 Geo. 4. c. lxxxvRoad from Cockermouth to Maryport Act 1825
An Act for more effectually amending, improving and keeping in Repair the Road from the Town of Cockermouth to the Town of Maryport, and from thence by Allonby to Wigton, and several other Roads therein mentioned, all in the County of Cumberland.
  • Cockermouth and Workington Turnpike Trust
175326 Geo. 2. c. 49Cockermouth and Workington Road Act 1753
An Act for repairing the Road from the City of Carlisle, in the County of Cumberland, to the Market and Sea Port Town of Workington, in the said County.
  • Egremont to Salthouse Turnpike Trust
174923 Geo. 2. c. 40Cumberland Roads Act 1749
An Act for repairing and widening the Roads leading from Egremont to Dudden Bridge, Santon Bridge, and Salthouse, in the County of Cumberland.
  • Keswick Turnpike Trust

  • Kingstown and Westlinton Bridge Turnpike Trust
  • Carlisle to Westleton Turnpike Trust
180646 Geo. 3. c. liiiRoad from Carlisle to Westlinton Bridge Act 1806
An Act for amending and keeping in Repair, the Road leading from the Guide Post at the Top of Stanwix Bank, near the City of Carlisle, to Westlington Bridge, in the County of Cumberland.
  • Longtown, Snab and Haithwaite Bridge Turnpike Trust
  • Longtown Turnpike Trust
179434 Geo. 3. c. 143Cumberland Roads Act 1794
An act for amending, and keeping in repair, the road leading from Lyne Bridge, through Longtown, to the Scotch Dyke, and from Longtown to the bridge over the river of Sark, in the county of Cumberland.
  • Penrith to Chalk Beck Turnpike Trust
175326 Geo. 2. c. 37Cumberland Roads Act 1753
An Act for repairing the Road leading from the Town of Penrith, in the County of Cumberland, by Hutton Hall, over Skelton and Castlesowerby Pastures and Sebraham Bridge, to Chalk Beck, in the said County; and also the Road which branches and separates from the same Road upon Castlesowerby Pasture aforesaid, and leads from thence through Hesket, otherwise Hesket-New-Market, to Caldbeck, in the said County.
  • Whitehaven Turnpike Trust
173913 Geo. 2. c. 14Whitehaven Harbour Improvement Act 1739
An Act for making more effectual Two Acts of Parliament, passed in the Seventh and Tenth Years of Her late Majesty Queen Anne, for preserving and enlarging the Harbour of Whitehaven, in the County of Cumberland; and for repairing and amending the High Roads leading to the said Harbour and Town of Whitehaven.

Lancashire

Westmorland

References

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