Turnpike trusts in the West Midlands
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This is a list of turnpike trusts that maintained roads in the West Midlands.
Between 1663 and 1836, the Parliament of Great Britain and the Parliament of the United Kingdom passed a series of acts of Parliament that created organisations – turnpike trusts – that collected road tolls, and used the money to repair the road. These applied to major roads, around a fifth of the road network.[1] The turnpike system was phased out in the 1870s, and major roads transitioned in the 1880s to the maintenance of the new county councils.
The counties used for these lists are the historic counties of England that existed at the time of the turnpike trusts. This article lists those in the West Midlands: Herefordshire, Shropshire, Staffordshire, Warwickshire, and Worcestershire.
| Trust | Founded | Initial act | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Citation | Title | ||
| 1758 | 32 Geo. 2. c. 66 | Hereford and Salop Roads Act 1758 An Act for amending and widening the Roads leading from Stretford's Bridge in the County of Hereford, to The New Inn in the Parish of Winstanstow, in the County of Salop; and also the Road from Blue Mantle Hall, near Mortimer's Cross, to Aymstrey in the said County of Hereford; and for repealing so much of an Act made in the Twenty-second Year of the Reign of His present Majesty, as relates to the Road from Mortimer's Cross to Aymstrey Bridge. |
| 1751 | 25 Geo. 2. c. 56 | Hereford Roads Act 1751 An Act for repairing the several Roads leading from the Town of Bromyard in the County of Hereford, to the several Places called The Halfway Ash in the Parish of Docklow, Herefordshire Lake in the Parish of Whitburne, Perry Bridge in the Parish of Stoke Bliss, leading through the several Parishes of Edwin, Ralph, Collington, and the Hamlet of Little Kyre, Sapey Wood in the Parish of Upper Sapey, Bishop's Froome, Wooferwood Gate, and Herefordshire Lake, in the said Parish of Bromyard, in the Counties of Hereford and Worcester. |
| 1782 | 22 Geo. 3. c. 112 | Hereford Roads Act 1782 An Act for repairing and widening the Roads from a Place called The Hardwicke, in the Parish of Clifford, to Windmill Hill, and from Vowchurch to Pontrilas, in the County of Hereford. |
| 1729 | 3 Geo. 2. c. 18 | Hereford Roads Act 1729 An Act for repairing the several Roads leading into the City of Hereford. |
| 1788 | 28 Geo. 3. c. 105 | Radnor Roads Act 1788 An Act for amending, widening, and keeping in Repair the Roads leading from Staplebar to Lingen, and from thence by Boresford to Willey's Oak, and from Kingsham to the Kington and Radnor Turnpike Roads near the Rod, and from Lingen aforesaid, to Walford in the County of Hereford. |
| 1756 | 29 Geo. 2. c. 65 | Hereford Roads Act 1756 An Act for repairing and widening the Roads leading from the Town of Kington in the County of Hereford, through The Welsh Hall Lane, as far as the same County extends, and the several Roads leading from Kington aforesaid, to Brilley's Mountain, to Eardisley, to Almely, to Eckley's Green, to Eardisland, to Staple Bar, and to Milton House, in the said County of Hereford. |
| 1720 | 7 Geo. 1. St. 1. c. 23 | Ledbury Highways Act 1720 An Act for repairing the several Roads leading from the Town of Ledbury, in the County of Hereford, to the several Places therein mentioned. |
| 1728 | 2 Geo. 2. c. 13 | Leominster Roads Act 1728 An Act for repairing the several Roads therein mentioned, leading into the Town of Leominster, in the County of Hereford. |
| 1825 | 6 Geo. 4. c. xxvi | Leominster and Ledbury Road Act 1825 An Act for making a Turnpike Road from the Hope Turnpike, in the Leominster and Hereford Road, to or near Burley Gate, in the Hereford and Bromyard Turnpike Road, and from thence to a Place called The Trumpet, in the Ledbury and Hereford Turnpike Road, all in the County of Hereford. |
| 1764 | 4 Geo. 3. c. 81 | Salop Roads (No. 2) Act 1764 An Act for amending, widening, and keeping in Repair, several Roads leading from the Buck's Head at Watling Street to Beckbury and The New Inn, and from Birches Brook to the Hand Post in the Parish of Kemberton, in the County of Salop. |
| 1782 | 22 Geo. 3. c. 100 | Hereford and Worcester Roads Act 1782 An Act for amending and keeping in Repair the Road leading from the Willersley Turnpike Road near Parton to Monkland Mill, and from the Turnpike Road on Fair Mile Field, to the Turnpike Road at Broad Heath, and from the Turnpike Road at or near the Ford's Bridge to the Turnpike Road near Stockton, and from Kyre Common to the Turnpike Road at Grendon Green, in the Counties of Hereford and Worcester. |
| 1756 | 29 Geo. 2. c. 94 | Presteigne Road Act 1756 An Act for amending, repairing, and widening, the Roads leading from The Ryeway in the Parish of Yarpole in the County of Hereford, to Presteigne in the County of Radnor, and from thence to Leintwardine, and from Presteigne aforesaid to the Top of Trap Hill, and from The Ryeway aforesaid, by The Maidenhead, to Wooferton in the County of Salop. |
| 1767 | 7 Geo. 3. c. 67 | Hereford Roads Act 1766 An Act for amending, repairing, and widening, several Roads in the Counties of Radnor and Hereford. |
| 1725 | 12 Geo. 1. c. 13 | Gloucester and Hereford Roads Act 1725 An Act for repairing and widening the Roads from the City of Gloucester to the City of Hereford. |
| 1772 | 12 Geo. 3. c. 105 | Brecon Roads Act 1772 An Act for amending, widening, and altering, the Roads leading from Crickhowell, in the County of Brecon, to the Cross Hands, beyond New Inn, in the Turnpike Road between the City of Hereford and Ross; and from a Place called The Lower Cross Ways, in the Parish of Saint Maughan's to the Town of Grosmount, in the County of Monmouth; and from a Smith's Shop at Stanton, in the Parish of Llanvihangel, to Chapel a Fine, in the same County; and from the Turnpike Road, in the Parish of Welsh Newton, in the County of Hereford, to Ponttanast, in the Parish of Cluddock, in the said County. |
| 1819 | 59 Geo. 3. c. lx | Hereford Roads Act 1819 An Act to enlarge the Term and Powers of an Act of His present Majesty[o] for repairing the Roads leading into the City of Hereford, and several Roads communicating therewith; for transferring the Road from Wormelow Tump to Harewood, from the Madley to the Hereford District, and for making a new Road from the Tuft Wood, in the Parish of Hentland, to the Confines of the Parish of Ganerew, in the County of Hereford, as a Third District. |
| 1759 | 33 Geo. 2. c. 58 | Hereford Roads, etc. Act 1759 An Act for repairing the Roads from the Town of Brecon to the Parish of Brobury, and to Whitney Passage, in the County of Hereford; and for building a Bridge over the River Wye, at Bredwardine Passage in the same County. |
| 1767 | 7 Geo. 3. c. 67 | Hereford Roads Act 1766 An Act for amending, repairing, and widening, several Roads in the Counties of Radnor and Hereford. |
Shropshire
| Trust | Founded | Initial act | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Citation | Title | ||
| 1797 | 37 Geo. 3. c. 172 | Salop Roads Act 1797 An Act for amending, widening, altering, improving, and keeping in repair, the road leading from Atcham, through Condover to Dorrington; and also the road branching out of the said road, at a place called Allfield Turning, in the said parish of Condover, to the turnpike road leading from Shrewsbury to Ludlow, at a place called Hongerhill, in the same parish, all in the county of Salop. |
| 1767 | 7 Geo. 3. c. 92 | Roads from Whitchurch and Hinstock Act 1766 An Act to repair and widen the Roads from Whitchurch in the County of Salop, to the Turnpike Road between Nantwich in the County of Chester and Newcastle under Line, and from Hinstock to Nantwich aforesaid. |
| 1768 | 8 Geo. 3. c. 51 | Salop, Radnor and Montgomery Roads Act 1768 An Act for amending and widening several Roads leading from the Town of Bishop's Castle, and from Montgomery, to the Turnpike Road at Westbury, and from Brocton to the Turnpike Road at Minsterley, in the several Counties of Salop, Radnor, and Montgomery. |
|
1763 | 3 Geo. 3. c. 59 | Stafford, Sandon and Eccleshall Road Act 1763 An Act for repairing and widening the Road leading from the Town of Stafford to Sandon in the County of Stafford, and several other Roads in the Counties of Salop and Stafford. |
| 1804 | 44 Geo. 3. c. xii | Road from Stafford to Sandon Act 1804 An Act for enlarging the term and powers of two acts, made in the third and twenty-third years of his present Majesty, for repairing the road from the town of Stafford to Sandon in the county of Stafford, and several other roads in the counties of Salop and Stafford, so far as the same relate to the third district of roads therein mentioned. | |
| 1751 | 25 Geo. 2. c. 49 | Shropshire Roads Act 1751 An Act for repairing the High Road from the Town of Shrewsbury, through Cressage, Harley, Much Wenlock, by Muckley Cross, and through Morville, to Bridgenorth, in the County of Salop. |
| 1751 | 25 Geo. 2. c. 49 | Shropshire Roads Act 1751 An Act for repairing the High Road from the Town of Shrewsbury, through Cressage, Harley, Much Wenlock, by Muckley Cross, and through Morville, to Bridgenorth, in the County of Salop. |
| 1751 | 25 Geo. 2. c. 49 | Shropshire Roads Act 1751 An Act for repairing the High Road from the Town of Shrewsbury, through Cressage, Harley, Much Wenlock, by Muckley Cross, and through Morville, to Bridgenorth, in the County of Salop. |
| 1772 | 12 Geo. 3. c. 96 | Salop Roads Act 1772 An Act for repairing, widening, and keeping in Repair, the Road from Burlton, in the County of Salop, through Knockin, to Llanymynech, in the same County; and from Knockin to the East End of the Llanriader Road; and from Place Carrick Lane to the Turnpike Road from Llanymynech to Oswestry near Cord Issa Mountain; and from Oswestry Turnpike Road on Knockin Heath, to the East End of Knockin Lane. |
| |||
| 1825 | 6 Geo. 4. c. xlix | Roads from Bridgnorth to Cleobury Mortimer Act 1825 An Act for amending, maintaining and improving the Roads from Bridgnorth to Cleobury North, and also through Ditton Priors to the Brown Clee Hill, and from Cleobury Mortimer to several Places therein mentioned, and other Roads branching therefrom, in the Counties of Salop and Worcester. |
| 1817 | 57 Geo. 3. c. xii | Madeley and Wellington Turnpike Road Act 1817 An Act for making and maintaining a Turnpike Road from and out of the Turnpike Road at the Bottom of Coalbrook Dale, in the Parish of Madeley, into the Turnpike Road leading from Shiffnall to Shrewsbury, at or near a Place called Watling Street, in the Parish of Wellington, all in the County of Salop. |
| 1751 | 25 Geo. 2. c. 22 | Shrewsbury and Wrexham Road Act 1751 An Act for repairing the Roads from the Town of Shrewsbury, through Ellesmere in the County of Salop, and Overton in the County of Flint, to Wrexham in the County of Denbigh. |
|
1763 | 3 Geo. 3. c. 59 | Stafford, Sandon and Eccleshall Road Act 1763 An Act for repairing and widening the Road leading from the Town of Stafford to Sandon in the County of Stafford, and several other Roads in the Counties of Salop and Stafford. |
| 1823 | 4 Geo. 4. c. xlvii | Three Districts of Road in Staffordshire and Salop Act 1823 An Act for repairing and improving divers Roads in the Counties of Stafford and Salop, comprised in Three Districts called the Eccleshall, Newport and Watling Street District, the Newcastle and Eccleshall District, and the Hilton and Honnington District. | |
| 1778 | 18 Geo. 3. c. 88 | Salop Roads Act 1778 An Act for repairing and widening the Road from the Birches Brook to Buildwas Bridge, and from thence to join the Watling Street Turnpike Road at Tern Bridge, in the County of Salop. |
| 1762 | 2 Geo. 3. c. 53 | Salop and Stafford Roads Act 1762 An Act for repairing and widening the Roads leading from Kelsall in the County of Salop to Whiston Cross, and from thence; over Burnhill Green; Rudge Heath, by the Two New Inns, and to a Place called High Gate Warren in the County of Stafford. |
| 1797 | 37 Geo. 3. c. 172 | Salop Roads Act 1797 An Act for amending, widening, altering, improving, and keeping in repair, the road leading from Atcham, through Condover to Dorrington; and also the road branching out of the said road, at a place called Allfield Turning, in the said parish of Condover, to the turnpike road leading from Shrewsbury to Ludlow, at a place called Hongerhill, in the same parish, all in the county of Salop. |
| 1750 | 24 Geo. 2. c. 29 | Ludlow and Monk's Bridge Road Act 1750 An Act for repairing the Road leading from the Town of Ludlow, in the County of Salop, through Wofferton and Little Hereford, to a Place called Monks Bridge, in the said County, and also from the said Town of Ludlow, to a Place or House called The Maidenhead, at Orleton, in the County of Hereford. |
| 1764 | 4 Geo. 3. c. 81 | Salop Roads (No. 2) Act 1764 An Act for amending, widening, and keeping in Repair, several Roads leading from the Buck's Head at Watling Street to Beckbury and The New Inn, and from Birches Brook to the Hand Post in the Parish of Kemberton, in the County of Salop. |
| 1767 | 7 Geo. 3. c. 104 | Denbigh, Flint, Salop and Chester Roads Act 1766 An Act for repairing and widening the Road from Marchwiel in the County of Denbigh through Bangor, Worthenbury, and Hanmer, in the County of Flint, to a House in the Possession of Thomas Jenks in Dodington in the Parish of Whitchurch in the County of Salop; and from Bangor aforesaid to Malpas in the County of Chester; and from Redbrook to Hampton in the said County of Salop. |
| 1834 | 4 & 5 Will. 4. c. xi | Minsterly and Churchstoke Turnpike Road (Salop., Montgomery) Act 1834 An Act for making a Turnpike Road from Minsterley in the County of Salop to the Turnpike Road leading from Bishop's Castle in the said County of Salop to Churchstoke in the County of Montgomery. |
| 1756 | 29 Geo. 2. c. 60 | Much Wenlock Roads Act 1756 An Act for amending, widening, and keeping in Repair, several Roads, leading from the Markethouse in the Town of Much Wenlock, in the County of Salop. |
| 1759 | 33 Geo. 2. c. 51 | Chester to Birmingham Road Act 1759 An Act for repairing and widening the Road from the Bars at Boughton, within the Liberties of the City of Chester, to Whitchurch, and from thence to Newport in the County of Salop, to Ivetsey Bank in the County of Stafford, and from thence to Castle Bromwich and Stone Bridge in the Parish of Hampton on Arden, in the County of Warwick, and from Castle Bromwich to Birmingham in the same County. |
| 1756 | 29 Geo. 2. c. 68 | Denbigh Roads Act 1756 An Act for amending, widening, and keeping in Repair, the several Roads from the Town of Pool in the County of Montgomery, to Wrexham in the County of Denbigh, and also the Road from Knockin in the County of Salop to Llanrbaiader in Mochnant in the County of Denbigh. |
| 1756 | 29 Geo. 2. c. 64 | Shropshire Roads (No. 2) Act 1756 An Act for repairing and widening the Roads from the Town of Shrewsbury, to Preston Brockhurst, to Shawbury, and to Shreyhill, in the County of Salop. |
| 1769 | 9 Geo. 3. c. 55 | Salop Roads Act 1769 An Act for repairing and widening the Road from the End of the Turnpike Road in Shawbury, in the County of Salop, to Drayton in Hales, in the said County, and from thence to Newcastle under Line, in the County of Stafford; and from Shawbury aforesaid to the Turnpike Road in High Ercall, in the said County of Salop; and from Shawbury aforesaid to Wem, in the said County, and from thence to the Turnpike Road in Sandford, in the said County. |
| 1725 | 12 Geo. 1. c. 9 | Shropshire Roads Act 1725 An Act for repairing the Roads therein mentioned, between Crackley Bank, in the Parish of Idsall, alias Shiffnall, and the Town of Shrewsbury, in the County of Salop. |
| 1757 | 31 Geo. 2. c. 67 | Shrewsbury, etc. Roads Act 1757 An Act for widening and repairing several Roads leading from The Welch Gate and Cotton Hill in the Town of Shrewsbury, in the County of Salop. |
| 1751 | 25 Geo. 2. c. 49 | Shropshire Roads Act 1751 An Act for repairing the High Road from the Town of Shrewsbury, through Cressage, Harley, Much Wenlock, by Muckley Cross, and through Morville, to Bridgenorth, in the County of Salop. |
| 1756 | 29 Geo. 2. c. 61 | Shropshire Roads Act 1756 An Act for repairing and widening the Roads from Coleham Bridge in Shrewsbury, to the Market Place in Church Stretton, and to the Top of Lythwood Hill, and from Pulley Common to the May Pole in Condover, and from Coleham Bridge to Longdon, in the County of Salop. |
| 1785 | 25 Geo. 3. c. 118 | Salop, Radnor and Montgomery Roads Act 1785 An Act for continuing the Term and altering and enlarging the Powers of an Act made in the Eighth Year of His present Majesty, for amending and widening several Roads leading from the Town of Bishop's Castle and from Montgomery to the Turnpike Road at Westbury, and from Brockton to the Turnpike Road at Minsterley, in the several Counties of Salop, Radnor, and Montgomery; and for amending, widening, and keeping in Repair several other Roads in the Counties of Salop and Montgomery. |
| 1757 | 31 Geo. 2. c. 67 | Shrewsbury, etc. Roads Act 1757 An Act for widening and repairing several Roads leading from The Welch Gate and Cotton Hill in the Town of Shrewsbury, in the County of Salop. |
| 1757 | 31 Geo. 2. c. 67 | Shrewsbury, etc. Roads Act 1757 An Act for widening and repairing several Roads leading from The Welch Gate and Cotton Hill in the Town of Shrewsbury, in the County of Salop. |
| 1757 | 31 Geo. 2. c. 67 | Shrewsbury, etc. Roads Act 1757 An Act for widening and repairing several Roads leading from The Welch Gate and Cotton Hill in the Town of Shrewsbury, in the County of Salop. |
|
1751 | 25 Geo. 2. c. 49 | Shropshire Roads Act 1751 An Act for repairing the High Road from the Town of Shrewsbury, through Cressage, Harley, Much Wenlock, by Muckley Cross, and through Morville, to Bridgenorth, in the County of Salop. |
| 1765 | 5 Geo. 3. c. 86 | Salop Roads Act 1765 An Act for enlarging the Term and Powers of an Act, made in the Twenty-fifth Year of the Reign of His late Majesty,[ax] for repairing the High Road from the Town of Shrewsbury, through Cressage, Harley, Much Wenlock, by Muckley Cross, and through Morville, to Bridgnorth, in the County of Salop; and for amending several other Roads near or adjoining thereto. | |
| 1764 | 4 Geo. 3. c. 81 | Salop Roads (No. 2) Act 1764 An Act for amending, widening, and keeping in Repair, several Roads leading from the Buck's Head at Watling Street to Beckbury and The New Inn, and from Birches Brook to the Hand Post in the Parish of Kemberton, in the County of Salop. |
| 1725 | 12 Geo. 1. c. 9 | Shropshire Roads Act 1725 An Act for repairing the Roads therein mentioned, between Crackley Bank, in the Parish of Idsall, alias Shiffnall, and the Town of Shrewsbury, in the County of Salop. |
| 1725 | 12 Geo. 1. c. 9 | Shropshire Roads Act 1725 An Act for repairing the Roads therein mentioned, between Crackley Bank, in the Parish of Idsall, alias Shiffnall, and the Town of Shrewsbury, in the County of Salop. |
| 1757 | 31 Geo. 2. c. 67 | Shrewsbury, etc. Roads Act 1757 An Act for widening and repairing several Roads leading from The Welch Gate and Cotton Hill in the Town of Shrewsbury, in the County of Salop. |
| 1811 | 51 Geo. 3. c. xliv | Road from Wem and Whitchurch Road to Sandford and Hodnet Road Act 1811 An Act for making and maintaining a Road from the Wem and Whitchurch Road, to the Sandford and Hodnet Road, both in the County of Salop. |
| 1771 | 11 Geo. 3. c. 95 | Salop and Denbigh Roads Act 1771 An Act for repairing and widening the Road leading from Wem, in the County of Salop, to the Lime Rocks at Bron y Garth, and several other Roads in the Counties of Salop and Denbigh. |
| 1778 | 18 Geo. 3. c. 89 | Much Wenlock Roads Act 1778 An Act for enlarging the Term and Powers of an Act, made in the Twenty-ninth Year of the Reign of His late Majesty King George the Second, for amending, widening and keeping in Repair, several Roads leading from the Market House, in the Town of Much Wenlock, in the County of Salop; and for amending, widening and keeping in Repair, the Road leading from Gleeton Hill to Cressage, in the said County. |
| 1767 | 7 Geo. 3. c. 92 | Roads from Whitchurch and Hinstock Act 1766 An Act to repair and widen the Roads from Whitchurch in the County of Salop, to the Turnpike Road between Nantwich in the County of Chester and Newcastle under Line, and from Hinstock to Nantwich aforesaid. |
| 1759 | 33 Geo. 2. c. 51 | Chester to Birmingham Road Act 1759 An Act for repairing and widening the Road from the Bars at Boughton, within the Liberties of the City of Chester, to Whitchurch, and from thence to Newport in the County of Salop, to Ivetsey Bank in the County of Stafford, and from thence to Castle Bromwich and Stone Bridge in the Parish of Hampton on Arden, in the County of Warwick, and from Castle Bromwich to Birmingham in the same County. |