Uthman II of Kanem
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
| Uthman II | |
|---|---|
| Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire | |
| Reign | 14th century (2 years) c. 1366–1368[a] |
| Predecessor | Uthman I |
| Successor | Abubakar Liyatu |
| Died | c. 1368 Njimi, Kanem |
| Dynasty | Sayfawa dynasty (Idrisid[b]) |
| Father | Idris I Nikalemi |
| Mother | Famafa |
Uthman II (ʿUthmān bin Idrīs[2]) was mai (ruler) of the Kanem–Bornu Empire in the mid-14th century, ruling approximately 1366–1368.[a]
Uthman II was a son of mai Idris I Nikalemi.[3] His mother was named Famafa.[3] Uthman II became mai in the mid-14th century,[2] succeeding his namesake cousin Uthman I.[3] Uthman I had died in battle against the Bilala, who were invading the empire from the east.[6] Uthman II continued the war for two years,[a] until he met the same fate.[6] Like his predecessor, Uthman II was defeated and killed at Njimi (the imperial capital).[7] He was succeeded as mai by his cousin (Uthman I's brother) Abubakar Liyatu.[3]
Notes
- 1 2 3 Among the king lists (girgams) and chronicles translated in the 19th–20th centuries, Uthman II appears only in those of Barth and Urvoy, being omitted by Palmer, Nachtigal, and Landeroin.[3] Dates used for mais vary among sources due to slight discrepancies and differing calculations. Both Barth and Urvoy assigned Uthman a reign of two years, Barth dating it to 1391–1392 and Urvoy dating it to 1369–1371.[3] Lange (1984) dated Uthman's reign to 1379–1381,[4] Stewart (1989) dated it to 1391–1392,[5] and Bosworth (2012) dated it to 1366–1368.[2]
- ↑ The 14th and 15th centuries saw protracted civil wars between the rival Idrisid (descendants of Idris I Nikalemi) and Dawudid (descendants of Dawud Nikalemi) branches of the Sayfawa dynasty.[1]
References
- ↑ Lange, Dierk (2012). "Ali Gajideni". Dictionary of African Biography. Oxford University Press. pp. 172–173. ISBN 978-0-19-538207-5.
- 1 2 3 Bosworth, Clifford Edmund (2012) [1996]. The New Islamic Dynasties: A Chronological and Genealogical Manual. Edinburgh University Press. p. 126. ISBN 0-7486-2137-7.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 Cohen, Ronald (1966). "The Bornu King Lists". Boston University Papers on Africa: Volume II: African History. Boston University Press. pp. 58, 62, 81.
- ↑ Lange, Dierk (1984). "The kingdoms and peoples of Chad". In Niane, Djibril Tamsir (ed.). General history of Africa, IV: Africa from the twelfth to the sixteenth century. University of California. p. 261. ISBN 978-92-3-101710-0.
- ↑ Stewart, John (1989). African States and Rulers: An Encyclopedia of Native, Colonial and Independent States and Rulers Past and Present. McFarland & Company. p. 146.
- 1 2 Barth, Heinrich (1857). Travels and Discoveries in North and Central Africa: Being a Journal of an Expedition Undertaken under the Auspices of H.B.M.'s Government, in the Years 1849–1855. Longmans. p. 640.
- ↑ Palmer, H. R. (1926). History Of The First Twelve Years Of The Reign Of Mai Idris Alooma Of Bornu (1571–1583) (Fartua, Ahmed Ibn). p. 113.