Baṛī ye
Letter of the Arabic script
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Baṛī ye (Urdu: بَڑی يے, Urdu pronunciation: [ˈbəɽiː ˈjeː]; lit. 'greater ye'), also spelled bari ye, baree ye barree ye, or badi ye, is a letter of the Arabic script, originally used in the Urdu alphabet, directly based on the alternative "returned" variant of the final form of the Arabic letter ye/yāʾ (known as yāʾ mardūda) found in the Hijazi, Kufic, Thuluth, Naskh, and Nastaliq scripts.[1] It functions as the word-final yā-'e-majhūl ([eː]) and yā-'e-sākin ([ɛː]).[2][obsolete source] It is distinguished from the "choṭī ye (چھوٹی يے; "lesser ye")", which is the regular Perso-Arabic yāʾ (ی) used elsewhere. In Punjabi, where it is a part of the Shahmukhi alphabet, it is called waḍḍī ye (Punjabi: وَڈّی یے), also meaning "greater ye". In the context of Urdu and Shahmukhi, it is written as ए/े (for yā-'e-majhūl) and ऐ/ै (for yā-'e-sākin) in Devanagari and ਏ/ੇ (for yā-'e-majhūl) and ਐ/ੈ (for yā-'e-sākin) in Gurmukhi.
Urdu alphabet
Shahmukhi (Punjabi)
Saraiki alphabet
Balochi Standard Alphabet
Kashmiri alphabet
Burushaski alphabet
Khowar alphabet
Alphabetic
| Baṛī ye بَڑی يے | |
|---|---|
| ے | |
| ۓ | |
 | |
| Usage | |
| Writing system | Arabic abjad Urdu alphabet Shahmukhi (Punjabi) Saraiki alphabet Balochi Standard Alphabet Kashmiri alphabet Burushaski alphabet Khowar alphabet |
| Type | Abjad Alphabetic |
| Language of origin | Urdu |
| Sound values | /eː/ /ɛː/ /eɪ/ |
| In Unicode | U+06D2 |
| Alphabetical position | 38 |
| History | |
| Development | |
| Time period | ~1200 to present |
| Descendants | ݺ ݻ ◌ެ [a] |
| Sisters | I J Ι Ї י 𐤉 ܝ 𐡉 ◌ۦ [b] ◌ۧ [b] See also: Yodh |
| Transliterations | E Ai (digraph) Ei (digraph) |
| Variations | ۓ |
| Other | |
| Writing direction | Right-to-left |
History
The baṛī ye is based on the stretched, horizontal, "returned" form of the Arabic yā’, originating in the Kufic and Hijazi script and also used occasionally in Thuluth, Naskh, and Nastaliq calligraphy. The form began to be used in this manner for Classical Persian in India, for example کسی kasē ("someone") was often written as کسے.[citation needed]
Forms
Baṛī ye is written multiple ways depending on its position:
There are also medial (ـیـ) and initial (یـ) forms, but they are not encoded on Unicode[citation needed] and are generally represented by the regular ye.
In the Balochi Standard Alphabet, baṛī ye (or cappi yà as it is known as in Balochi) has the forms ⟨ࢩـ ـࢩـ ـے ے⟩.
Diacritical variants
In Urdu, only the hamza can be applied to baṛī ye. This is used when the word ending with the letter bears an izāfat.
In Kashmiri, there is a letter that is visually a baṛī ye with a small v sign above, known as the nīmü yāyūk:
Burushaski
In Burushaski, there are 3 baṛī ye's: ے, ݺ, and ݻ.
One of the additional letters is a baṛī ye with the Arabic–Indic digit 2 (۲).
It is used to represent the short vowel /e/.
Another letter has a 3 (۳) above it. Unlike ݺ, which represents a shorter sound than the regular baṛī ye, it represents the same long vowel (/eː/) but with primary stress (e.g. /ˈeː/).
Character encoding
| Preview | ؖ | ے | ۓ | ݺ | ݻ | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unicode name | ARABIC SMALL HIGH LIGATURE ALEF WITH YEH BARREE | ARABIC LETTER YEH BARREE | ARABIC LETTER YEH BARREE WITH HAMZA ABOVE | ARABIC LETTER YEH BARREE WITH EXTENDED ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT TWO ABOVE | ARABIC LETTER YEH BARREE WITH EXTENDED ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT THREE ABOVE | |||||
| Encodings | decimal | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex |
| Unicode | 1558 | U+0616 | 1746 | U+06D2 | 1747 | U+06D3 | 1914 | U+077A | 1915 | U+077B |
| UTF-8 | 216 150 | D8 96 | 219 146 | DB 92 | 219 147 | DB 93 | 221 186 | DD BA | 221 187 | DD BB |
| Numeric character reference | ؖ | ؖ | ے | ے | ۓ | ۓ | ݺ | ݺ | ݻ | ݻ |
Notes
- Thaana vowel ebefili; thought to be derived from baṛī ye based on visual and phonetic similarities.[citation needed]
- Quranic notation symbols based on the returned yā’.