Arakelova,Victoria(2015).“On the Number of Iranian Turkophones”.Iran and the Caucasus19(3): 279.doi:10.1163/1573384X-20150306."The main body of the Iranian Turkophone mass generally consists of two parts: proper Turkic groups—the Turkmen (from 0,5 to 1 million), partially the Qashqays (around 300,000), as well as Khalajes (currently Persian-speakers living in Save, near Tehran); and the Turkic-speaking population of the Iranian origin, predominantly the Azaris, inhabiting the north-west provinces of Iran roughly covering historical Aturpātakān."
Transformations of Middle Eastern Natural Environments: Legacies and Lessons.Yale University.(1998).p.59."the Qashqa'i are members of a tribal confederacy of some 800,000 individuals"
