ASTERIA (spacecraft)
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 ASTERIA during testing. It is a 6U CubeSat space telescope for the detection of exoplanets | |
| Names | ExoplanetSat (2011) |
|---|---|
| Mission type | Technology demonstrator |
| Operator | NASA |
| COSPAR ID | 1998-067NH |
| SATCAT no. | 43020 |
| Website | www |
| Mission duration | Nominal: 90 days Extension: up to 1 year Achieved: 2 years, 15 days |
| Spacecraft properties | |
| Spacecraft | ASTERIA |
| Bus | 6U CubeSat |
| Manufacturer | JPL and MIT |
| Launch mass | 12 kg (26 lb) |
| Dimensions | 10 cm × 20 cm × 30 cm (0.33 ft × 0.66 ft × 0.98 ft) |
| Start of mission | |
| Launch date | August 14, 2017, 16:31 UTC deployed: 20 November 2017 |
| Rocket | Falcon 9 |
| Launch site | Kennedy LC-39A |
| Contractor | SpaceX |
| End of mission | |
| Last contact | 5 December 2019 |
| Decay date | 24 April 2020 |
| Orbital parameters | |
| Reference system | Geocentric |
| Regime | Low Earth |
| Perigee altitude | 402.7 kilometres (250.2 miles) |
| Apogee altitude | 406.7 kilometres (252.7 miles) |
| Inclination | 51.6° |
| Period | 92.5 minutes |
| Main telescope | |
| Wavelengths | visible spectrum: 390–700 nm |
ASTERIA (Arcsecond Space Telescope Enabling Research In Astrophysics) was a miniaturized space telescope technology demonstration and opportunistic science mission to conduct astrophysical measurements using a CubeSat. It was designed in collaboration between the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. ASTERIA was the first JPL-built CubeSat to have been successfully operated in space. Originally envisioned as a project for training early career scientists and engineers, ASTERIA's technical goal was to achieve arcsecond-level line-of-sight pointing error and highly stable focal plane temperature control. These technologies are important for precision photometry, i.e., the measurement of stellar brightness over time. Precision photometry, in turn, provides a way to study stellar activity, transiting exoplanets, and other astrophysical phenomena.
ASTERIA was launched on 14 August 2017 and deployed into low Earth orbit from the International Space Station on 20 November 2017.[1] The primary mission lasted 90 days, but the satellite continued operations for 745 days through three extended missions until last successful communications were made on 5 December 2019.[2] The satellite decayed on 24 April 2020. The Principal Investigator was Canadian-American astronomer and planetary scientist Sara Seager, from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.[3]
The Arcsecond Space Telescope Enabling Research in Astrophysics (ASTERIA) was a six-unit (6U) CubeSat space telescope deployed from the International Space Station (ISS) with the goal of testing new technologies for the detection of exoplanets using the transit method.[1][4][5] The program was funded at JPL through the Phaeton Program for training early career employees.[1] Its target mission lasted for 90 days,[1] after which it was extended until the loss of contact with the spacecraft.[6][2]
ASTERIA's capabilities enabled precision photometry to be performed on an opportunistic basis to study stellar activity, transiting exoplanets, and other astrophysical phenomena. The technological objectives of the mission were "to achieve arcsecond-level line of sight pointing error, and highly stable focal plane temperature control for precision photometry" as a way to detect transiting exoplanets, and characterize their host stars.[4] The pointing stability was demonstrated over 20-minute observations. Pointing repeatability would be determined over a minimum of five observations over eight or more days, with the target star being returned to the same position on the focal plane by adjusting the spacecraft orientation and focal plane position.[4]
This mission may serve as a pathfinder for a fleet of low-cost space telescopes observing multiple targets at once to refine long-term mission goals by identifying new objects for other telescopes to observe. The miniaturization of a photometric detection system into a CubeSat could enable a constellation of multiple orbiting observatories for a continuous study of the brightest Sun-like stars which is not possible by conventional space observatories given their cost.[7] Having one or more CubeSats pointed at a target star for extended duration could reveal long-transiting exoplanets.[7] This mission also provided additional information in the design of future space telescopes.[4]
