Abell 1068 BCG
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| Abell 1068 BCG | |
|---|---|
 SDSS image of Abell 1068 BCG | |
| Observation data (J2000.0 epoch) | |
| Constellation | Ursa Major |
| Right ascension | 10h 40m 44.50s[1] |
| Declination | +39° 57′ 11.27″[1] |
| Redshift | 0.138391[1] |
| Heliocentric radial velocity | 41,489 km/s ± 21[1] |
| Distance | 2.006 Gly (615.23 Mpc)[1] |
| Group or cluster | Abell 1068 |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 18.14 |
| Characteristics | |
| Type | cD Sy2[1] |
| Size | ~607,000 ly (186.0 kpc) (estimated)[1] |
| Other designations | |
| ABELL 1068:[HDH2012] BCG, IRAS F10378+4012, LEDA 93944, SDSS J104044.50+395711.3[1] | |
Abell 1068 BCG (short for Abell 1068 Brightest Cluster Galaxy) is a massive type-cD galaxy located in the constellation of Ursa Major. The redshift of the galaxy is (z) 0.138[1][2] and it was first discovered in the IRAS Faint Catalogue survey in 1990.[3] It is the brightest cluster galaxy in the galaxy cluster Abell 1068, with an integrated total luminosity of 0.46 × 1031 erg s−1 Hz−1.[4] It is also classified as a fossil galaxy.[5]
Abell 1068 BCG is classified as a central dominant galaxy lying in the center of the galaxy cluster Abell 1068. It is known to display a central blue nucleus and has a surface brightness profile that is found to increase above the half magnitude of the R1/4 profile with the measured of 81 kiloparsecs and a measured surface brightness of around 25 magnitude. The halo of the galaxy has presence of several blue structures projected into it. There is also an arc-like feature present that is shown to have a bridge connecting to its nucleus. A wisp feature is found to have a curved shape towards the southwest direction of a luminous galaxy. It is also classified as a starburst galaxy, with stars forming at a continuous rate at between 20 and 70 M☉ per year during the past 100 million years. This is expected to continue for at least one billion years given the presence of a central reservoir of gas with a mass of 4 × 1010 M☉.[6] Red supergiant stars may be present in the galaxy based on detections of calcium ion triplets in its spectrum.[7] Evidence also found there is also a secondary starburst that occurred in southeast direction from the core region.[8] The radio source of Abell 1068 BCG is found to be compact based on radio mapping made by Very Large Array (VLA).[9]
The supermassive black hole located inside the center of the galaxy is estimated to be around 1.0+0.6−0.4 × 109 M☉ based on the adjustment of its value by the factor of 0.35. The Eddington rate of the black hole is estimated to be 1.6+1.0−0.6 × 10−4 Medd based on its black hole measurement from a 2006 study.[2] In 2011, the infrared spectroscopy spectrum of the galaxy was found to have a red continuum with traces of weak emission features. The total infrared luminosity of the galaxy at 24 ɥm is estimated to be 582 × 1042 erg s−1.[10]
A study published in 2009, has found presence of radio emission that is associated with Abell 1068 BCG. When observed, the emission is shown to have a measured flux density of 8.5 ± 0.6 mJy and has an extension towards the northwest direction.[11] An emission-line nebula is found to surround the galaxy and is known to emit out strong detections of doubly ionized oxygen emission. There are also presence of weak features of Wolf-Raynet stars suggesting the ionization of the nebula is powered through starbursts.[12]
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "NED Search results for Abell 1068 BCG". NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database. Retrieved 2026-02-01.
- 1 2 Rafferty, D. A.; McNamara, B. R.; Nulsen, P. E. J.; Wise, M. W. (November 2006). "The Feedback-regulated Growth of Black Holes and Bulges through Gas Accretion and Starbursts in Cluster Central Dominant Galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal. 652 (1): 216–231. arXiv:astro-ph/0605323. Bibcode:2006ApJ...652..216R. doi:10.1086/507672. ISSN 0004-637X.
- ↑ Moshir, M.; et al. (1990). "IRAS Faint Source Catalogue, version 2.0". IRAS Faint Source Catalogue: 0. Bibcode:1990IRASF.C......0M.
- ↑ Quillen, Alice C.; Zufelt, Nicholas; Park, Jaehong; O’Dea, Christopher P.; Baum, Stefi A.; Privon, George; Noel-Storr, Jacob; Edge, Alastair; Russell, Helen; Fabian, Andy; Donahue, Megan; Bregman, Joel N.; McNamara, Brian R.; Sarazin, Craig L. (May 2008). "An Infrared Survey of Brightest Cluster Galaxies. I." The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 176 (1): 39–58. arXiv:0711.1118. Bibcode:2008ApJS..176...39Q. doi:10.1086/525560. ISSN 0067-0049.
- ↑ Harrison, Craig D.; Miller, Christopher J.; Richards, Joseph W.; Lloyd-Davies, E. J.; Hoyle, Ben; Romer, A. Kathy; Mehrtens, Nicola; Hilton, Matt; Stott, John P. (2012-07-26). "The XMM Cluster Survey: The stellar mass assembly of fossil galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal. 752 (1): 12. arXiv:1202.4450. Bibcode:2012ApJ...752...12H. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/752/1/12.
- ↑ McNamara, B. R.; Wise, M. W.; Murray, S. S. (2004-01-20). "The Insignificance of Global Reheating in the A1068 Cluster: Multiwavelength Analysis". The Astrophysical Journal. 601 (1): 173–183. arXiv:astro-ph/0310035. Bibcode:2004ApJ...601..173M. doi:10.1086/380114. ISSN 0004-637X.
- ↑ Allen, S. W. (October 1995). "Starbursts in cooling flows: blue continua and emission-line nebulae in central cluster galaxies". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 276 (3): 947–960. Bibcode:1995MNRAS.276..947A. doi:10.1093/mnras/276.3.947. ISSN 0035-8711.
- ↑ Molendi, S.; Tozzi, P.; Gaspari, M.; Grandi, S. De; Gastaldello, F.; Ghizzardi, S.; Rossetti, M. (2016-11-01). "Where does the gas fueling star formation in brightest cluster galaxies originate?". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 595: A123. arXiv:1608.05549. Bibcode:2016A&A...595A.123M. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201628338. ISSN 0004-6361.
- ↑ Ball, Rayford; Burns, Jack O.; Loken, Chris (January 1993). "The Radio Properties of CD Galaxies in Abell Clusters. II. The VLA Sample". The Astronomical Journal. 105: 53. Bibcode:1993AJ....105...53B. doi:10.1086/116409. ISSN 0004-6256.
- ↑ Donahue, Megan; de Messières, Geneviève E.; O'Connell, Robert W.; Voit, G. Mark; Hoffer, Aaron; McNamara, Brian R.; Nulsen, Paul E. J. (May 2011). "Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Ionized Gas, and Molecular Hydrogen in Brightest Cluster Galaxies of Cool-core Clusters of Galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal. 732 (1): 40. arXiv:1103.1410. Bibcode:2011ApJ...732...40D. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/732/1/40. ISSN 0004-637X.
- ↑ Govoni, F.; Murgia, M.; Markevitch, M.; Feretti, L.; Giovannini, G.; Taylor, G. B.; Carretti, E. (2009-05-01). "A search for diffuse radio emission in the relaxed, cool-core galaxy clusters A1068, A1413, A1650, A1835, A2029, and Ophiuchus". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 499 (2): 371–383. arXiv:0901.1941. Bibcode:2009A&A...499..371G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200811180. ISSN 0004-6361.
- ↑ Hatch, N. A.; Crawford, C. S.; Fabian, A. C. (September 2007). "Ionized nebulae surrounding brightest cluster galaxies". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 380 (1): 33–43. arXiv:0706.0661. Bibcode:2007MNRAS.380...33H. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2007.12009.x. ISSN 0035-8711.
External links
- Abell 1068 BCG on WikiSky: DSS2, SDSS, GALEX, IRAS, Hydrogen α, X-Ray, Astrophoto, Sky Map, Articles and images
- Abell 1068 BCG on SIMBAD
