City bus in Greater Jakarta

Long before Transjakarta buses roamed the capital's streets, city buses were already a favorite form of public transportation for most Jakartans. In the 1950s, East German-made Robur and Hungarian-made Ikarus buses were the first to operate. It wasn't until 1969 that Indonesia received approximately 4,000 Dodge buses, a donation from the United States, which lasted until 1974. These Dodge buses were operated by the Djakarta Passenger Transport Company (Perum PPD) and several private operators. These buses are quite legendary because they still use the "nose" or "snout" as the engine compartment. The Dodge bus's history ended in the 1980s and was replaced by Japanese and European-made buses. ^[2]

In addition to Perum PPD, other private bus companies also operate Jakarta city buses such as Mayasari Bakti, MetroMini, Kopaja, Bianglala Metropolitan, Bayu Holong Persada, and others. ^[3]

After several years, Sutiyoso, the then Governor of DKI Jakarta, proposed the construction of a BRT project in the Jakarta. The first modern city bus service in the Jakarta began on February 1, 2004, with the launch of Transjakarta, the first BRT system in Southeast Asia. During its operation, Transjakarta has made a number of innovations, such as opening new corridors and expanding its fleet. In 2017, for example, Transjakarta launched 116 new buses. Transjakarta also purchased 300 low-entry buses, which have low floors, making them accessible to people with disabilities. In the same year, Transjakarta also innovated by introducing Transjakarta Cares, which can be used free of charge by people with disabilities. ^[3]

As the urban bus service with the largest coverage in Greater Jakarta (Jabodetabek), Transjakarta provides border feeder service (APTB) for areas adjacent to DKI Jakarta. The fare paid by passengers is the same as the service fare within the city of Jakarta and allows for no additional charges if passengers change stops.^[4] Since 2018, Transjakarta has started providing the Royaltrans service as a premium (non-economy) Transjakarta service with a higher fare, but with premium facilities.^[5] In addition to transportation for commuters, Transjakarta also operates a free tourist bus service for 4 service routes.^[6]

The operation of the Transjakarta bus service by the DKI Jakarta Provincial Government since 2004 has spurred local governments on the outskirts of the Jakarta to provide their own bus services.^[7] Since 2021, the local government has collaborated with the Ministry of Transportation to launch the BisKita service as an urban bus service. based on purchasing services to reach areas in the buffer cities of Jabodetabek. This service is available in four districts/cities, namely in Bogor City,^[8] Depok City,^[9] Bekasi City,^[10] and Bekasi Regency.^[11]

BisKita Trans Bekasi Patriot (abbreviated as TBP) is a public transportation service based on Integrated Bus in Bekasi City, which implements the BTS (Buy The Service) subsidy mechanism by the Directorate General of Transportation and Multimodal Integration of the Ministry of Transportation and is operated based on service standards set by the government.

The Bekasi City Government has officially operated the Trans Beken mass public transportation service on the Bekasi Terminal–Harapan Indah route. The inauguration was carried out directly by the Mayor of Bekasi, Tri Adhianto Tjahyono, as part of the commitment to providing an integrated, sustainable, and comfortable public transportation system. ^[12]

In the Banten region, Tangerang]] has operated the Trans Tangerang Ayo service in three service corridors since 2016.^[13] A similar service was also launched by South Tangerang City Government under the name Trans Anggrek since 2015,^[14] but until now it has been in a coma.^[15][16]

Transjabodetabek Service^[17][18] is a development of the Transjakarta Bus Integrated Border Transportation (APTB) service which has been removed as of June 1 2016.^[19][20] This service is operated by the central and regional governments such as Transjakarta and Perum DAMRI^[21] and private bus operators such as Mayasari Bakti, Lorena, and Sinar Jaya to serve or pick up passengers from the outskirts of Jabodetabek to the center of Jakarta or across cities in Jabodetabek.^[22][23] This service consists of two types, namely Regular and Business.^[24]

The Head of the Jakarta Transportation Agency, Syafrin Liputo, emphasized that Transjabodetabek services will have the same standards as Transjakarta in the future. The buses used in this service will be managed by Transjakarta, so users will have a similar experience to Jakarta's inner-city transportation system. The Jakarta Provincial Government is also developing the Transit Oriented Development (TOD) concept, which focuses on integrating public transportation with urban planning. ^[25]

Jabodetabek Residence Connexion (commonly known as JR Connexion)^[26] is a development of the Transjabodetabek Premium service as residential transportation not on the route from residential areas and independent cities in the Bodetabek area to Jakarta and vice versa.^[27] This service, which has been operating since February 2017, is operated by a bus operator in collaboration with the housing developers who will be served.^[28] Some of the main players in the JR Connexion service include bus operators owned by the BUMN RI such as DAMRI^[21] and private bus operators such as Mayasari Bakti, Sinar Jaya,^[29] Lorena, and so on. This service has varying rates with premium facilities.^[30][31]

Jabodetabek Airport Connexion (commonly known as JA Connexion)^[32] is a bus service that targets departure points from the hotel and shopping center areas around Jabodetabek to Soekarno–Hatta International Airport^[33][34] or Halim Perdanakusuma International Airport.^[35] This service, which was launched in May 2017, is an alternative transportation to the airport besides airport bus Perum DAMRI, taxis, shuttle transportation, or express train airport.^[36]