Dalmatian grammar
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article outlines the grammar of the Dalmatian language.
Articles
The indefinite article is ioin (one), whose feminine form is ioina.
Examples:
- ioina kuosa – one house, a house
- ioin jomno – one man, a man
The definite article for masculine nouns is el in singular and i in plural. The definite article for feminine nouns is la in singular and le in plural. Before place names in the dative case, the articles are used in the forms in tel, in tela, in teli and in tele or abbreviated as nel, nela, neli and nele.
Examples:
- Če sant el? – What is it?
- La sant ioina kuosa. – It is a house.
- Jo sant la kuosa? – Where is the house?
- La kuosa sant in tela Čituot. – The house is in the city.
- Jo sant el Juarbol? – Where is the tree?
- El Juarbol sant in tel buasc. – The tree is in the wood.
Adjectives
The adjectives are used before nouns and also have masculine and feminine gender and singular and plural number.
Examples:
- Maura kuosa – Big house
- La maura kuosa – The big house
- Briv kavul – Fast horse
- El briv kavul – The fast horse
Pronouns
Personal pronouns
Nominative
Singular
| Person | Pronoun | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| First | ju | I |
| Second | te | thou |
| Third | jal | he |
| jala | she |
Plural
| Person | Pronoun | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| First | nu | we |
| Second | vu | ye |
| Third | jali | they |
| jale | they |
Oblique
Singular
| Person | Pronoun | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| First | me/main | me |
| Second | toi | thee |
| Third | joi | him |
| joe | her |
Plural
| Person | Pronoun | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| First | noi | us |
| Second | voi | you |
| Third | jai | them |
Possessive
Singular
| Person | Pronoun | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| First | mi/maja | my |
| Second | to/toa | thy |
| Third | de jal | his |
| de jala | her |
Plural
| Person | Pronoun | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| First | nuester/nuestra | our |
| Second | vester/vestra | your |
| Third | de jali | their |
| de jale | their |
Prepositions
- in – in
- bas de – below
- de – of
- da – from, of
- dri – behind
- saupra – on
- alič – at