HIP 41378 f
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| Discovery[1] | |
|---|---|
| Discovered by | K2 (Vanderburg et al.) |
| Discovery date | June 2016 |
| Transit | |
| Orbital characteristics[2] | |
| 1.3856+0.0094 −0.0090 au | |
| Eccentricity | 0.052+0.025 −0.052 |
| 542.0797±0.0001 d | |
| Inclination | 89.948°±0.008° |
| Star | HIP 41378 |
| Physical characteristics | |
| 9.47±0.07 R🜨[2] (or 3.7+0.3 −0.2 R🜨 with rings[3]) | |
| Mass | 25±5 M🜨[2] |
Mean density | 0.16+0.03 −0.04 g/cm3 (or 2.3 g/cm3 with rings)[2] |
| Temperature | Teq: 294 K (21 °C; 70 °F)[4] |
HIP 41378 f (also known as EPIC 211311380 f) is an exoplanet orbiting around the F-type star HIP 41378. It is the outermost planet of its system and notable for the possibility that the planet may host circumplanetary debris rings.[3][5][6] It is located within the optimistic habitable zone of its parent star.[4]
A 2023 study analyzed the orbital stability and detectability of a hypothetical Mars-sized exomoon orbiting HIP 41378 f, finding that the existence of such a moon is feasible but is currently unlikely to be detectable.[7]
HIP 41378 f has an anomalously large radius (9.2 R🜨) for a planet of its size and temperature. This radius, combined with its measured mass of (12 M🜨[4]), suggest that its core has a maximum mass of 3 M🜨 and subsequently the planet has an envelope fraction of 75% or greater.[8] This envelope fraction is larger than would be possible in the core accretion model of planet formation for a planet with its core mass, which is consistent with the hypothesis that the planet's radius may be observed to be larger than it actually is due to an optically thick ring system. Said ring system would have a density roughly equivalent to that of water, indicating that if it exists it is composed of porous rocky material.[3][9] A 2026 study revised the mass of HIP 41378 f upwards, to 25 M🜨, which still makes it a super-puff with a density of 0.16 g/cm3, and makes the ring hypothesis still plausible.[2]
One proposed origin for such a ring system is an exomoon, which migrated outwards and had its eccentricity raised until it got tidally disrupted.[10] No atmospheric signatures were found as of 2022, further reinforcing the hypothesis of opaque circumplanetary rings.[11]
See also
- Lists of exoplanets
- GJ 1132 b, rocky exoplanet without atmosphere.
- Mu Arae c, in the constellation Ara
- Planetary system
- Exomoon
References
- ↑ Vanderburg, Andrew; Becker, Juliette C.; et al. (August 2016). "Five Planets Transiting a Ninth Magnitude Star". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 827 (1): L10. arXiv:1606.08441. Bibcode:2016ApJ...827L..10V. doi:10.3847/2041-8205/827/1/L10.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Grouffal, S.; Santerne, A.; Dumusque, X.; Akinsanmi, B.; Guillot, T.; Hara, N. C.; Leleu, A.; Malavolta, L.; Saillenfest, M.; Armstrong, D. J.; Barros, S. C. C.; Bayliss, D.; Bonomo, A. S.; Brown, D. J. A.; Collier Cameron, A. (2026-04-24). "A decade of monitoring the HIP 41378 planetary system. Masses and orbital periods of six planets and a planet candidate". Astronomy & Astrophysics. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202659666. ISSN 0004-6361.
- 1 2 3 Akinsanmi, B.; Santos, N. C.; Faria, J. P.; Oshagh, M.; Barros, S. C. C.; Santerne, A.; Charnoz, S. (2020-03-01). "Can planetary rings explain the extremely low density of HIP 41378 𝑓?". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 635: L8. arXiv:2002.11422. Bibcode:2020A&A...635L...8A. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202037618. ISSN 0004-6361.
- 1 2 3 Santerne, A.; Malavolta, L.; Kosiarek, M. R.; Dai, F.; Dressing, C. D.; Dumusque, X.; Hara, N. C.; Lopez, T. A.; Mortier, A.; Vanderburg, A.; Adibekyan, V.; Armstrong, D. J.; Barrado, D.; Barros, S. C. C.; Bayliss, D.; Berardo, D.; Boisse, I.; Bonomo, A. S.; Bouchy, F.; Brown, D. J. A.; Buchhave, L. A.; Butler, R. P.; Collier Cameron, A.; Cosentino, R.; Crane, J. D.; Crossfield, I. J. M.; Damasso, M.; Deleuil, M. R.; Delgado Mena, E.; et al. (2019). "An extremely low-density and temperate giant exoplanet". arXiv:1911.07355 [astro-ph.EP].
- ↑ Lewis, Briley (2024-10-09). "What if 'cotton candy' planets are actually Ring Pops?". Popular Science. Retrieved 2026-04-19.
- ↑ Hensley, Kerry (2022-03-09). "First Look at an Unusual Exoplanet's Atmosphere". AAS Nova. Retrieved 2026-04-19.
- ↑ Harada, Caleb K.; Dressing, Courtney D.; et al. (November 2023). "Stability and Detectability of Exomoons Orbiting HIP 41378 f, a Temperate Jovian Planet with an Anomalously Low Apparent Density". The Astronomical Journal. 166 (5): 208. arXiv:2303.14294. Bibcode:2023AJ....166..208H. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ad011c.
- ↑ Belkovski, M.; Becker, J.; Howe, A.; Malsky, I.; Batygin, K. (2022). "A Multiplanet System's Sole Super-puff: Exploring Allowable Physical Parameters for the Cold Super-puff HIP 41378 f". The Astronomical Journal. 163 (6): 277. arXiv:2203.17180. Bibcode:2022AJ....163..277B. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac6353.
- ↑ Piro, A. L.; Vissapragada, S. (2020). "Exploring Whether Super-puffs can be Explained as Ringed Exoplanets". The Astronomical Journal. 159 (4): 131. arXiv:1911.09673. Bibcode:2020AJ....159..131P. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab7192.
- ↑ Saillenfest, M.; Sulis, S.; Charpentier, P.; Santerne, A. (2023). "Oblique rings from migrating exomoons: A possible origin for long-period exoplanets with enlarged radii". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 675. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/20234674 (inactive 12 July 2025).
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of July 2025 (link) - ↑ Alam, Munazza K.; Kirk, James; Dressing, Courtney D.; López-Morales, Mercedes; Ohno, Kazumasa; Gao, Peter; Akinsanmi, Babatunde; Santerne, Alexandre; Grouffal, Salomé; Adibekyan, Vardan; Barros, Susana C. C.; Buchhave, Lars A.; Crossfield, Ian J. M.; Dai, Fei; Deleuil, Magali; Giacalone, Steven; Lillo-Box, Jorge; Marley, Mark; Mayo, Andrew W.; Mortier, Annelies; Santos, Nuno C.; Sousa, Sérgio G.; Turtelboom, Emma V.; Wheatley, Peter J.; Vanderburg, Andrew M. (2022), "The First Near-infrared Transmission Spectrum of HIP 41378 f, A Low-mass Temperate Jovian World in a Multiplanet System", The Astrophysical Journal Letters, 927 (1): L5, arXiv:2201.02686, Bibcode:2022ApJ...927L...5A, doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ac559d, S2CID 245837282
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