Hypokalemic sensory overstimulation
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| Hypokalemic sensory overstimulation | |
|---|---|
| Specialty | Neurology |
| Symptoms | Sensory overload, relative resistance to lidocaine local anesthesia |
| Causes | Disorders of ion channels |
| Differential diagnosis | Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, pulpitis |
| Treatment | Potassium gluconate, avoiding high carbohydrate meals |
Hypokalemic sensory overstimulation is a neurological disorder characterized by a subjective experience of sensory overload and a relative resistance to lidocaine local anesthesia. The sensory overload is treatable with oral potassium gluconate. Individuals with this condition are sometimes diagnosed as having attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), raising the possibility that a subtype of ADHD has a cause that can be understood mechanistically and treated in a novel way.
It is not to be confused with hot tooth syndrome.
Cause
The term hypokalemic sensory overstimulation was coined by Segal and colleagues(2014) to describe a syndrome of sensory overstimulation, ineffectiveness of the local anesthetic lidocaine, and in females, premenstrual syndrome (PMS).[1] This initial report was followed by discussion in a second article of tens of families with apparent autosomal dominant inheritance of this condition.[2] The similarities were described clinically to ADHD and mechanistically and therapeutically to disorders of ion channels, in particular to the muscle disorder hypokalemic periodic paralysis. Some females with premenstrual syndrome may have the same autosomal dominant disorder underlying their symptoms.[2]
