List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A country's gross domestic product (GDP) at purchasing power parity (PPP) per capita is the PPP value of all final goods and services produced within an economy in a given year, divided by the average (or mid-year) population for the same year. This is similar to nominal GDP per capita but adjusted for the cost of living in each country.

Countries or territories by GDP (PPP) per capita in 2025
  >$70,000
  $60,000–70,000
  $50,000–60,000
  $40,000–50,000
  $30,000–40,000
  $20,000–30,000
  $10,000–20,000
  $5,000–10,000
  $2,500–5,000
  $1,000–2,500
  <$1,000
  No data

In 2026, the estimated average GDP per capita (PPP) of all of the countries was $25,591.[a] For rankings regarding wealth, see list of countries by wealth per adult.

Method

The gross domestic product (GDP) per capita figures on this page are derived from PPP calculations. Such calculations are prepared by various organizations, including the IMF and the World Bank. As estimates and assumptions have to be made, the results produced by different organizations for the same country are not hard facts and tend to differ, sometimes substantially, so they should be used with caution.

Comparisons of national wealth are frequently made based on nominal GDP and savings (not just income), which do not reflect differences in the cost of living in different countries (see List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita); hence, using a PPP basis is arguably more useful when comparing generalized differences in living standards between economies because PPP takes into account the relative cost of living and the inflation rates of the countries, rather than using only exchange rates, which may distort the real differences in income.

This is why GDP (PPP) per capita is considered one of the indicators of a country's standard of living,[2][3] The relation between GDP per capita and standard of living has been criticized. Alternative measures of standard of living include list of countries by average wage, median income and disposable household and per capita income. GDP (PPP) and GDP (PPP) per capita are usually measured by international dollar, which is a hypothetical currency that has the same purchasing power in every economy as the U.S. dollar in the United States. The share of the shadow economy is significant in many European countries, ranging from less than 10 to over 40% of GDP.[4] Since 2014, EU member states have been encouraged by Eurostat, the official statistics body, to include some illegal activities.[5][6][7]

Table

Main table

All figures are in current international dollars, and rounded to the nearest whole number. The table initially ranks each country or territory with their latest available year's estimates, and can be re-ranked by any of the sources.

* Nearly all country links in the table connect to articles titled "Income in (country or territory)" or to "Economy of (country or territory)".

More information Country / territory ...
GDP per capita (current international dollar) by country or  territory, non-sovereign state or non-IMF member 
Country / territory IMF[8][9][10]
(2026)		 World Bank[b][11]
(2023 or
2024)		 CIA[c][12][13][14]
(2023 or
2024)
 Monaco *N/aN/a270,100
 Liechtenstein *195,372N/a210,600
 Singapore *173,708150,689132,600
 Ireland *159,129131,175115,300
 Luxembourg *156,719150,772128,200
 Macau *140,423128,268112,800
 Norway *115,548101,03291,100
 Qatar *112,312126,110110,900
 Bermuda *N/a119,719105,300
 Switzerland *105,68093,81982,000
 Taiwan *98,051N/a32,300
 Brunei *97,85890,00779,200
 Guyana *95,47779,90670,300
 United States *94,43085,81075,500
 Denmark *89,66779,51473,700
 United Arab Emirates *87,77477,95968,600
 Cayman Islands *N/a86,68978,100
 Netherlands *87,77384,21970,900
 San Marino *87,14175,94270,900
 Hong Kong *84,21275,21666,200
 Iceland *82,73078,25965,600
 Malta *82,42167,36460,500
 Faroe Islands *N/a78,16570,400
 Saudi Arabia *78,81571,24362,700
 Belgium *78,33472,12663,100
 Austria *78,33471,19363,300
 Sweden *77,09471,03163,300
 Germany *76,74772,30062,800
 Andorra *75,98871,58865,900
 Australia *74,75571,19360,100
 Bahrain *70,16567,21159,100
 Canada *70,00665,46356,700
 Finland *68,86164,09155,600
 South Korea *68,62458,89550,400
 France *68,56761,32254,500
 European Union *[n 1]67,95762,26654,300
 Cyprus *[n 2]67,79661,24053,300
 United Kingdom *67,58560,62052,500
 Italy *65,76160,84753,100
 Czech Republic *63,55056,80648,000
 Lithuania *61,05254,41447,200
 Slovenia *60,66456,53148,500
 Poland *59,79250,37845,100
 Japan *59,20751,68546,100
 Spain *59,18756,92648,400
 Israel *59,09555,69147,300
 Aruba *58,48044,96740,500
 New Zealand *58,30855,09448,200
 Croatia *54,35948,57542,600
 Kuwait *54,30351,63645,400
 Puerto Rico *53,14650,15644,100
 Portugal *52,84150,61741,900
 Russia *52,47947,40541,700
 Sint Maarten (Dutch part) *N/a51,52745,800
 Estonia *51,65349,33441,500
 Romania *50,78348,71240,600
 Hungary *50,57047,63640,700
 U.S. Virgin Islands *N/a49,79346,500
 Slovakia *49,46647,18140,300
 Kazakhstan *48,25040,81335,900
 Greece *47,17544,07437,800
 Malaysia *46,98638,72934,100
 Turkey *46,67243,93235,300
 Panama *46,40541,40536,400
 Latvia *45,84043,86738,900
 Oman *45,69841,66436,700
 Bulgaria *45,64241,08634,100
 Bahamas *44,10641,19836,200
 Uruguay *39,03036,41832,000
 Maldives *37,82624,80923,400
 Chile *37,33634,63730,200
 Trinidad and Tobago *37,09836,02131,700
 Montenegro *36,33333,38027,900
 Seychelles *35,85533,23929,200
 Mauritius *34,83031,05127,300
 Belarus *35,61633,00629,000
 Saint Kitts and Nevis *35,61635,54531,300
 Serbia *34,86331,86726,900
 Costa Rica *34,15730,06327,000
 Georgia *[n 3]33,99028,41825,000
 Argentina *33,18730,17626,500
 Antigua and Barbuda *32,92133,60229,600
 Dominican Republic *32,17827,54124,200
 North Macedonia *31,74626,58724,500
 China *[n 4][n 5]31,59627,10523,800
 Curaçao *N/a30,71627,700
 Saint Lucia *30,39827,56724,300
 Thailand *27,44124,70821,700
 Armenia *27,02422,82320,100
 Azerbaijan *26,80025,08922,100
 Mexico *26,64325,68822,000
 Barbados *26,40822,67219,900
 Gabon *25,84721,51018,900
 World [i]25,59124,24821,300
 Albania *25,24723,48818,900
 Brazil *24,42822,33319,600
 Turkmenistan *24,34920,40818,000
 Turks and Caicos Islands *N/a24,82033,400
 Bosnia and Herzegovina *24,12321,97120,400
 Colombia *23,57621,49518,500
 Paraguay *23,34918,52416,300
 Egypt *23,32119,09416,800
 Suriname *22,98522,06719,400
 Grenada *22,72920,16717,700
 Ukraine *[n 6]22,44318,55116,300
 Mongolia *22,19219,09816,800
 Botswana *22,03920,53818,100
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines *21,99021,27218,700
 Kosovo *21,79918,62016,400
 Moldova *[n 7]21,17018,71716,500
 Palau *20,64117,53215,800
 Dominica *20,60221,30118,700
 Iran *20,27918,44216,200
 Bhutan *20,13516,25414,600
 Peru *20,11617,80315,700
 Algeria *19,67717,55315,400
 Vietnam *19,64916,38614,400
 Equatorial Guinea *19,06117,56715,500
 Indonesia *18,97316,44814,500
 Libya *18,74913,95412,300
 Ecuador *17,72015,84013,900
 Fiji *17,20916,03214,100
 South Africa *16,74015,45813,600
 Guatemala *16,02114,36912,600
 Tunisia *15,83314,45112,700
 Belize *15,69415,09313,300
 Sri Lanka *N/a15,63213,800
 El Salvador *14,83813,26411,700
 Iraq *14,37614,46412,700
 Eswatini *14,24411,78410,400
 Uzbekistan *14,17911,87910,500
 Jamaica *13,89711,66210,300
 Philippines *13,63911,79410,400
 Cape Verde *[n 8]13,31311,2629,900
 Jordan *13,25710,8229,500
 India *12,80111,1599,800
 Bolivia *12,69211,1909,800
 Namibia *12,66611,68710,300
 Nauru *12,32214,32612,600
 Lebanon *N/a12,57511,300
 Morocco *[n 9]12,33610,3059,100
 Laos *10,9649,7888,600
 Bangladesh *10,9559,6468,500
 Angola *10,4468,3487,300
 Nicaragua *10,2118,7097,700
 Djibouti *10,1667,7766,800
 Kyrgyzstan *10,0248,0097,000
 Nigeria *9,9946,4405,700
 Venezuela *9,461N/a4,900
 Mauritania *9,2807,2716,400
 Ghana *9,1168,0277,100
 Cambodia *8,8907,9707,000
 Samoa *8,8947,8376,900
 Ivory Coast *8,6727,6546,700
 Marshall Islands *8,5038,1987,200
 Tonga *8,4887,8527,100
 Zimbabwe *8,4433,9213,500
 Honduras *8,2227,4866,600
 Kenya *8,0206,6195,800
 Pakistan *7,3346,2875,500
 Congo *6,7127,0266,200
 São Tomé and Príncipe *6,7116,2305,500
 Tajikistan *6,6165,4064,800
 Nepal *6,5515,7365,000
 Tuvalu *6,4476,1515,800
 Cameroon *5,9935,5924,900
 Palestine[n 10][n 11]5,6124,3713,800
 Senegal *5,5655,1104,500
 Myanmar *[n 12]5,3155,9805,300
 Timor-Leste *5,2704,7584,200
 Guinea *5,1774,5794,000
 Benin *5,0884,4353,900
 Federated States of Micronesia *5,0524,3463,800
 Ethiopia *4,9743,2782,900
 Syria *N/a4,6504,200
 Zambia *4,5724,2243,700
 Tanzania *4,6074,2203,700
 Rwanda *4,5233,7113,300
 Comoros *4,2224,0553,600
 Uganda *4,1923,2762,900
 Vanuatu *4,0993,6023,200
 Papua New Guinea *3,9864,8894,300
 Kiribati *3,9213,7023,300
 Sierra Leone *3,9091,8473,100
 Gambia *3,8653,4453,000
 Togo *3,7573,2392,800
 Mali *3,6653,3082,900
 Guinea-Bissau *3,4953,0532,700
 Chad *3,4582,9612,600
 Lesotho *3,3002,9982,600
 Burkina Faso *3,2272,8962,500
 Haiti *2,9932,9992,800
 Solomon Islands *2,6942,8722,500
 Sudan *2,4512,1271,900
 Afghanistan *N/a2,2012,000
 Niger *2,2322,0151,800
 Madagascar *2,1061,8841,700
 DR Congo *2,1441,7101,500
 Liberia *2,0951,8841,700
 Somalia *1,9561,6001,400
 Malawi *1,7971,8591,600
 Mozambique *1,6991,6701,500
 Yemen *1,596N/a200
 South Sudan *1,540N/a400
 Central African Republic *1,4681,2631,100
 Burundi *1,031950800
Close

Other territories

More information Territory, CIA ...
GDP per capita (current international dollar) by  territory, non-sovereign state or non-IMF member 
Territory CIA[12]
Estimate Year
 Monaco *270,1002024
 Liechtenstein *210,6002024
 Isle of Man *84,6002014
 Greenland *71,0002023
 Falkland Islands *70,8002015
 Gibraltar *61,7002014
 Jersey *56,6002016
 Guernsey *52,5002014
 Saint Pierre and Miquelon *46,2002006
 British Virgin Islands *40,5002024
 Guam *35,6002016
 New Caledonia *34,6002024
 Anguilla *31,0002024
 Cook Islands *29,8002024
 Northern Mariana Islands *24,5002016
 Cuba *23,7002024
 French Polynesia *23,3002024
 Saint Martin (French part) *19,3002005
 Montserrat *19,3002024
 American Samoa *11,2002016
 Niue *11,1002021
 Saint Helena, Ascension and
Tristan da Cunha		7,8002010
 Tokelau *6,0042017
 Wallis and Futuna *3,8002004
 Eritrea *7002024
 North Korea *6002023
Close

Footnotes

  1. [i]
    There is no explicit "GDP (PPP) per capita" World estimate provided by the IMF. For this figure, the GDP (PPP) world value[10] has been divided by the global population according to the IMF.[15]
  1. [1]
    The EU is included because it is much more than a free-trade association like ASEAN, NAFTA, or Mercosur. -- See: "The World Factbook". CIA. 2014. Archived from the original on 11 June 2020. Retrieved 17 November 2022. Although the EU is not a federation in the strict sense, it is far more than a free-trade association such as ASEAN, NAFTA, or Mercosur, and it has certain attributes associated with independent nations: its flag, currency (for some members), and law-making abilities, as well as diplomatic representation and a common foreign and security policy in its dealings with external partners. Thus, the inclusion of basic intelligence on the EU has been deemed appropriate as a new, separate entity in The World Factbook. -- However, because the EU is an organization and not a sovereign state, it does not receive a ranking in this list.
  2. [2]
    Data is for the area controlled by the Government of the Republic of Cyprus.
  3. [3]
    Excludes data for Abkhazia and South Ossetia.
  4. [4]
    IMF and CIA figures exclude Taiwan and the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau.
  5. [5]
    World Bank figures exclude the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau.
  6. [6]
    Figures exclude the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol.
  7. [7]
    Excludes data for Transnistria.
  8. [8]
    Referred to as "Cabo Verde".
  9. [9]
    Includes Western Sahara.
  10. [10]
    Referred to as "West Bank and Gaza" in the IMF and World Bank reports.
  11. [11]
    CIA registers 2 separate entries for Palestine: "West Bank" and "Gaza Strip". Figures for West Bank include the Gaza Strip -- see "The World Factbook - West Bank". CIA.gov. 15 November 2022. Archived from the original on 6 January 2021.
  12. [12]
    Referred to as "Burma".

Distorted GDP-per-capita for tax havens

Main articles: Corporate haven § GDP-per-capita tax haven proxy, and Corporate haven § Distorted GDP/GNP

There are many natural economic reasons for GDP-per-capita to vary between jurisdictions (e.g. places rich in oil and gas tend to have high GDP-per-capita figures). However, it is increasingly being recognized that tax havens, or corporate tax havens, have distorted economic data which produces artificially high, or inflated, GDP-per-capita figures.[16] It is estimated that over 15% of global jurisdictions are tax havens (see tax haven lists).[17] An IMF investigation estimates that circa 40% of global foreign direct investment flows, which heavily influence the GDP of various jurisdictions, are described as "phantom" transactions.[18]

A stunning $12 trillion—almost 40 per cent of all foreign direct investment positions globally—is completely artificial: it consists of financial investment passing through empty corporate shells with no real activity. These investments in empty corporate shells almost always pass through well-known tax havens. The eight major pass-through economies—the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Hong Kong SAR, the British Virgin Islands, Bermuda, the Cayman Islands, Ireland, and Singapore—host more than 85 per cent of the world's investment in special purpose entities, which are often set up for tax reasons.

— "Piercing the Veil", International Monetary Fund, June 2018[18]

In 2017, Ireland's economic data became so distorted by U.S. multinational tax avoidance strategies (see leprechaun economics), also known as BEPS actions, that Ireland effectively abandoned GDP (and GNP) statistics as credible measures of its economy, and created a replacement statistic called modified gross national income (or GNI*). Ireland is one of the world's largest corporate tax havens.

Ireland has, more or less, stopped using GDP to measure its economy. And on current trends [because Irish GDP is distorting EU-28 aggregate data], the eurozone taken as a whole may need to consider something similar.

— Brad Setser, Council on Foreign Relations, "Ireland exports its Leprechaun", 25 April 2018[19]

The statistical distortions created by the impact on the Irish National Accounts of the global assets and activities of a handful of large multinational corporations have now become so large as to make a mockery of conventional uses of Irish GDP.

— Patrick Honohan, ex-Governor of the Central Bank of Ireland, 13 July 2016[20]

A list of the top 15 GDP-per-capita countries from 2016 to 2017, contains most of the major global tax havens (see GDP-per-capita tax haven proxy for more detail):

More information Rank, Country/Territory ...
International Monetary Fund (2017) World Bank (2016)[21][22]
Rank Country/Territory Type
1 QatarOil & Gas
— MacauTax haven (Sink OFC)
2 LuxembourgTop 10 Tax haven (Sink OFC)
3 SingaporeTop 10 Tax haven (Conduit OFC)
4 BruneiOil & Gas
5 IrelandTop 10 Tax haven (Conduit OFC)
6 NorwayOil & Gas
7 KuwaitOil & Gas
8 United Arab EmiratesOil & Gas
9  SwitzerlandTop 10 Tax Haven (Conduit OFC)
— Hong KongTop 10 Tax Haven (Sink OFC)
10 San MarinoTax haven (Sink OFC)
11 United States59,495
12 Saudi ArabiaOil & Gas
13 NetherlandsTop 10 Tax Haven (Conduit OFC)
14 Iceland52,150
15 BahrainOil & Gas
Rank Country/Territory Type
1 QatarOil & Gas
2 LuxembourgTop 10 Tax haven (Sink OFC)
— MacauTax haven (Sink OFC)
3 SingaporeTop 10 Tax haven (Conduit OFC)
4 BruneiOil & Gas
5 United Arab EmiratesOil & Gas
6 IrelandTop 10 Tax haven (Conduit OFC)
7  SwitzerlandTop 10 Tax haven (Conduit OFC)
8 NorwayOil & Gas
— Hong KongTop 10 Tax haven (Sink OFC)
9 United States57,467
10 Saudi ArabiaOil & Gas
11 Iceland51,399
12 NetherlandsTop 10 Tax haven (Conduit OFC)
13 Austria50,078
14 Denmark49,496
15 Sweden49,175
Close

See also

Notes

  1. [a]
    There have been no exclusive estimates for the world average by the IMF. 2023 calculations are based on the global GDP (PPP), and population estimates by the IMF.[1]
  2. [b]
    The following countries are from 2022 data: San Marino and U.S. Virgin Islands
  3. [c]
    The following countries are from 2022 data: San Marino and U.S. Virgin Islands

References

External links

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