Oroqen language
Tungusic language spoken in Inner Mongolia and Heilongjiang
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Oroqen (/ˈɒrətʃɛn, ˈɒroʊ-/ ORR-ə-chen, ORR-oh-; Oroqen Urkun; ɔrɔtʃeen ulguur[citation needed]), also known as Orochon, Oronchon, Olunchun, Elunchun or Ulunchun, is a Northern Tungusic language spoken in the People's Republic of China. Dialects are Gankui and Heilongjiang. Gankui is the standard dialect.[1] It is spoken by the Oroqen people of Inner Mongolia (predominantly the Oroqin Autonomous Banner) and Heilongjiang in Northeast China.[2]
| Oroqen | |
|---|---|
| Orochon, Oronchon, Olunchun, Elunchun, Ulunchun | |
| Арутчэн Уркун ɔrɔtʃeen ulguur | |
| Pronunciation | /arʊtɕʰen urkun/ |
| Native to | China |
| Region | China: Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang |
| Ethnicity | Oroqen |
Native speakers | 3,789 (2009)[1] |
| Dialects |
|
| Latin script | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | orh |
| Glottolog | oroq1238 |
| ELP | Oroqen |
 Oroqen is classified as Critically Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger. | |
Since the 1980s, Oroqen-language materials were produced by teachers in Oroqen-speaking areas. They based the language's orthography either on IPA or Pinyin. A majority of Oroqen speakers use Chinese as a literary language and some also speak Daur.
Geographic distribution
Oroqen is spoken in the following counties of China:[1]
Phonology
Consonants
- Allophones of /x/ are heard as [ɣ], [h].
- A bilabial /ɸ/ can also be heard as a labio-dental [f].
- A rhotic trill /r/ tends to sound as a tap [ɾ], when occurring word-finally.
Vowels
Sample text
Listed below are some Oroqen sentences.[4][failed verification] They are transcribed in Oroqen Phonetic Alphabet.
| Arian has three elder brothers. | Arian ilan axči |
| The children are all come in. | Kúxä səl ku əmčə |
| Arian's elder brother is coming. | Arian axninin əmčə |
| I'm a student. | Pi pite turan |
| You're taller than me | ši mintu gúkta |
| The house is neat and tidy. | Ər jü čaldä le |
| Arian untied the rope | Arian ušixəmúə pudičə |
| How many children do you have? | ši ati kúxa či pišiniʔ |
| Arian took off his clothes |
Arian kantaxúə purmə ədəjə |
