Pakpak language

Austronesian language spoken in Sumatra, Indonesia From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Pakpak, or Batak Dairi, is an Austronesian language of Sumatra. It is spoken in Dairi Regency, Pakpak Bharat Regency, Pakkat, Parlilitan, and Tarabintang districts in Humbang Hasundutan Regency, Manduamas district in Central Tapanuli Regency, Subulussalam City, and Aceh Singkil Regency.

Dairi Batak syllables in Batak script.
NativetoIndonesia
RegionSumatra (northern)
EthnicityPakpak, Singkil
Native speakers
(1.2 million cited 1991)[1]
Quick facts Native to, Region ...
Pakpak
Kata Pakpak
Native toIndonesia
RegionSumatra (northern)
EthnicityPakpak, Singkil
Native speakers
(1.2 million cited 1991)[1]
Batak
Language codes
ISO 639-3btd
Glottologbata1294
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Phonology

Consonants

More information Labial, Alveolar ...
Labial Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasal m n ŋ
Plosive/
Affricate		 voiceless p t tʃ k
voiced b d dʒ ɡ
Fricative s h
Trill r
Lateral l
Semivowel w j
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  • A word-final /k/ can also be heard as a glottal stop [ʔ].

Vowels

More information Front, Central ...
Front Central Back
Close i u
Mid e ⟨é⟩, ɛ ⟨è⟩ ə ⟨e⟩ o
Open a
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  • Vowels /i, u, e, o/ can have shortened allophones of [ɪ, ʊ, ɛ, ɔ].[2]
  • To differentiate between the three e sounds, [ə, e, ɛ], Manik used ⟨é⟩ for [e], ⟨è⟩ for [ɛ], and ⟨e⟩ for [ə].[3]

References

Further reading

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