2024 Indian general election
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General elections were held in India from 19 April to 1 June 2024 in seven phases, to elect all 543 members of the Lok Sabha.[b] Votes were counted and the result was declared on 4 June to form the 18th Lok Sabha.[2][3] On 7 June 2024, Prime Minister Narendra Modi confirmed the support of 293 MPs to Droupadi Murmu, the president of India.[4] This marked Modi's third term as prime minister and his first time heading a coalition government,[5] with the Telugu Desam Party of Andhra Pradesh and Janata Dal (United) of Bihar emerging as two main allies.[6][7][8]
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19 April – 1 June 2024
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All 543 seats in the Lok Sabha 272 seats needed for a majority | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Registered | 977,965,560[1] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Turnout | 66.1% ( 1.3 pp) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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More than 968 million people out of a population of 1.4 billion people were eligible to vote, equivalent to 70 percent of the total population.[9][10][11] 642 million voters participated in the election; 312 million of these were women, the highest ever participation by women voters.[12][13] This was the largest-ever election, surpassing the previous election, and lasted 44 days, second only to the 1951–52 Indian general election. The legislative assembly elections in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Odisha, and Sikkim were held simultaneously with the general election, along with the by-elections for 25 constituencies in 12 legislative assemblies.
Incumbent prime minister Narendra Modi, who completed a second term, ran for a third consecutive term. His Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) had enjoyed an absolute majority—a minimum of 272 seats—in the 2014 and 2019 elections. The primary opposition was the Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance (INDIA), a coalition formed in 2023 by the Indian National Congress (INC) and many regional parties. The election was criticised for lack of action on hate speeches by Modi's BJP,[14] reported electronic voting machine (EVM) malfunctioning,[15][16] and suppression of political opponents of the BJP.[17]
Opinion surveys of mainstream media outlets projected a decisive victory for the BJP and its coalition, the National Democratic Alliance (NDA). However, the BJP won 240 seats, down from the 303 it had secured in 2019, and lost its singular majority in the Lok Sabha, although the NDA overall secured 293 of the house's 543 seats.[7] The INDIA coalition outperformed expectations, securing 234 seats, 99 of which were won by the Congress, garnering the party the official opposition status for the first time in 10 years.[18][19][20] Seven independents and ten candidates from non-aligned parties also won seats in the Lok Sabha.[21][22][23]
According to the national data from the Centre for the Study of Developing Societies (CSDS) – Lokniti National Election Studies published in The Hindu, the National Democratic Alliance (NDA) maintained a 3 percentage point lead in the overall national vote share (43% to 40%) over the INDIA alliance.[24] The NDA maintained its strongest age advantage among young voters aged 18–25, capturing 46% of their vote compared to 33% for the INDIA bloc,[25] The INDIA alliance performed best among non-literate voters, leading the NDA by 42% to 38%,[24] whereas the NDA's support scaled up with higher education and economic affluence, peaking at 45% among graduates and 46% among the wealthiest class.[24][26] Geographically, the spatial divide showed the NDA dominating large metropolitan cities and urban zones with a 45% vote share,[27] but while the NDA bloc surged into a lead in small, semi-urban towns (42% to 41%), rural villages remained highly competitive with the NDA retaining a narrow 42% to 41% edge overall.[27] In terms of communities, the NDA maintained a massive upper-caste Hindu anchor (61%) and held comfortable margins among Other Backward Classes (OBCs), while Scheduled Castes (Dalits) tied perfectly at 31% for both coalitions.[24] Religious minorities, esoecially Muslims, heavily consolidated behind the opposition, with 65% of Muslims voting for the INDIA alliance,[28]
Background
Contemporary politics and previous elections
India has a multi-party system with two major parties, namely the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and the Indian National Congress (INC), that dominate politics at the national level. The BJP has governed the country with Narendra Modi at the helm since 2014. The tenure of the 17th Lok Sabha was scheduled to end on 16 June 2024.[29] The previous general election was held in April–May 2019, after which the National Democratic Alliance (NDA), led by the BJP, formed the union government, with Modi continuing as Prime Minister.[30] The Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance, comprising 26 opposition parties, was formed in 2023 to compete against the NDA in the elections.[31]
Electoral system
Article 83 of the Constitution of India requires elections to the Lok Sabha to be held once every five years.[32] The 543 MPs are elected from single-member constituencies using first-past-the-post voting.[33] The 104th amendment to the constitution abolished the two seats that were reserved for the Anglo-Indian community.[34]
Indian citizens who are 18 years or older, ordinary residents of the polling area of the constituency and registered to vote (name included in the electoral rolls), possess a valid voter identification card issued by the Election Commission of India or equivalent are eligible to vote.[35] People convicted of electoral or other offenses and prisoners, are barred from voting.[36] Indians holding foreign citizenship are not eligible to vote in India. There is no postal or online absentee voting in India; members of the Indian diaspora are required to travel back to their home constituencies in order to cast a ballot.[37]
For the 2024 election, 968 million people were eligible to vote, an increase of about 150 million people from the 2019 election.[38] In Arunachal Pradesh, a polling station would be set up for the only registered voter in the village of Malogam, as electoral laws stipulate that voting booths need to be within two kilometres (1.2 mi) of any settlement.[39][40] A polling station was also set up inside the Gir Forest in Gujarat to cater for a single voter, a priest at a Hindu temple.[41] Polling stations were also set up inside a wildlife sanctuary in Kerala, in a shipping container in Gujarat, and 320 relief camps hosting nearly 59,000 people displaced during violence in Manipur.[42][43]
In March 2024, the Supreme Court of India rejected a petition by the Congress party to end the usage of electronic voting machines (EVMs) and revert to paper ballots and manual counting, which was the system used in elections until the late 1990s, with the party citing risks of electoral fraud.[44] Nearly 5.5 million EVMs were utilized in more than one million polling stations with 15 million election workers and security personnel tasked with managing the conduct of the election.[45]
For the first time, the Election Commission of India allowed voters with disabilities and those over the age of 85 to cast ballots from their homes.[46] In Telangana, voting in some areas was extended by an hour more to allow voters to come at a more convenient time.[47]
Planning
Key processes during a Lok Sabha election involved monitoring campaign expenditure, preventing the circulation of illicit goods, and ensuring adherence to the Model Code of Conduct. In the final 48 hours before voting, campaigns are ceased, and measures are implemented to maintain order and prevent disruptions. On polling day, strict rules are enforced to prevent undue influence and ensure a secure and free election process. After the elections, EVMs are sealed and stored under tight security with Booth Level Officers assisting throughout the process.[48]
Schedule
The election schedule for the 18th Lok Sabha was announced by the Election Commission of India on 16 March 2024 and with it the Model Code of Conduct came into effect.[49][50][51] The tenure of the 17th Lok Sabha was scheduled to end on 16 June 2024.[52]
Date summary
| Poll event | Phase | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | |
| Notification date | 20 March | 28 March | 12 April | 18 April | 26 April | 29 April | 7 May |
| Last date for filing nomination | 27 March | 4 April | 19 April | 25 April | 3 May | 6 May | 14 May |
| Scrutiny of nomination | 28 March | 5 April | 20 April | 26 April | 4 May | 7 May | 15 May |
| Last date for withdrawal of nomination | 30 March | 8 April | 22 April | 29 April | 6 May | 9 May | 17 May |
| Date of poll | 19 April | 26 April | 7 May | 13 May | 20 May | 25 May | 1 June |
| Date of counting of votes | 4 June 2024 | ||||||
| No. of constituencies | 101+1⁄2[c] | 87+1⁄2[c] | 94 | 96 | 49 | 58 | 57 |
Seat summary
| State/Union territory | Total constituencies | Election dates and number of constituencies | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phase 1 | Phase 2 | Phase 3 | Phase 4 | Phase 5 | Phase 6 | Phase 7 | ||
| 19 April | 26 April | 7 May | 13 May | 20 May | 25 May | 1 June | ||
| Andhra Pradesh | 25 | 25 | ||||||
| Arunachal Pradesh | 2 | 2 | ||||||
| Assam | 14 | 5 | 5 | 4 | ||||
| Bihar | 40 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 8 | 8 |
| Chhattisgarh | 11 | 1 | 3 | 7 | ||||
| Goa | 2 | 2 | ||||||
| Gujarat | 26 | 26 | ||||||
| Haryana | 10 | 10 | ||||||
| Himachal Pradesh | 4 | 4 | ||||||
| Jharkhand | 14 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 3 | |||
| Karnataka | 28 | 14 | 14 | |||||
| Kerala | 20 | 20 | ||||||
| Madhya Pradesh | 29 | 6 | 6[d] | 9[d] | 8 | |||
| Maharashtra | 48 | 5 | 8 | 11 | 11 | 13 | ||
| Manipur | 2 | 1+1⁄2[c] | 1⁄2[c] | |||||
| Meghalaya | 2 | 2 | ||||||
| Mizoram | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Nagaland | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Odisha | 21 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 6 | |||
| Punjab | 13 | 13 | ||||||
| Rajasthan | 25 | 12 | 13 | |||||
| Sikkim | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Tamil Nadu | 39 | 39 | ||||||
| Telangana | 17 | 17 | ||||||
| Tripura | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Uttar Pradesh | 80 | 8 | 8 | 10 | 13 | 14 | 14 | 13 |
| Uttarakhand | 5 | 5 | ||||||
| West Bengal | 42 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 8 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| Andaman and Nicobar Islands | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Chandigarh | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu | 2 | 2 | ||||||
| Delhi | 7 | 7 | ||||||
| Jammu and Kashmir | 5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1[e] | ||
| Ladakh | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Lakshadweep | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Puducherry | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Total constituencies | 543 | 101+1⁄2 | 87+1⁄2 | 94 | 96 | 49 | 58 | 57 |
| Total constituencies by end of phase | – | 101+1⁄2 | 189 | 284 | 379 | 428 | 486 | 543 |
| Percentage complete by end of phase | – | 18.7 | 34.8 | 52.3 | 69.8 | 78.8 | 89.5 | 100 |
- Member of Rajya Sabha from Karnataka.
- Repolling at one booth each in the Barasat and Mathurapur constituencies of West Bengal were held on 3 June due to violence.
- Polling in Outer Manipur constituency in Manipur was scheduled in two phases.[54]
- Polling in Anantnag–Rajouri constituency in Jammu and Kashmir was rescheduled from 7 May 2024 (Phase 3) to 25 May 2024 (Phase 6) due to weather conditions.[55]
Parties and alliances
The politics of India became increasingly bipolar in the run-up to the 2024 Indian general elections with two major alliances emerging; the incumbent National Democratic Alliance (NDA) and the opposition Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance (INDIA). Six parties recognized as national parties contested the 2024 Indian general elections: the BJP, the INC, Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M)), Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP), National People's Party (NPP) and Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) with all except the BSP being a part of one of the two alliances.[56] Apart from the national parties, regional parties (who are allotted fixed symbols) and other unrecognized parties and independents contested the election.[57]
National Democratic Alliance (NDA)
The NDA is a big tent, mostly centre-right to right-wing political alliance led by the BJP.
Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance (INDIA)
INDIA is a big tent bloc of opposition parties, which came together to contest against the NDA.[60][61]
- INDIA parties seat-sharing
| Party | States/UTs | Seats contested | Seats won | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indian National Congress | Karnataka | 28 | 326 | 9 | 99 | |
| Madhya Pradesh | 27 | 0 | ||||
| Andhra Pradesh | 23 | 0 | ||||
| Gujarat | 23 | 1 | ||||
| Rajasthan | 22 | 8 | ||||
| Odisha | 20 | 1 | ||||
| Maharashtra | 17 | 13 | ||||
| Telangana | 17 | 8 | ||||
| Uttar Pradesh | 17 | 6 | ||||
| Kerala | 16 | 14 | ||||
| Assam | 13 | 3 | ||||
| Punjab | 13 | 7 | ||||
| West Bengal | 12 | 1 | ||||
| Chhattisgarh | 11 | 1 | ||||
| Bihar | 9 | 3 | ||||
| Haryana | 9 | 5 | ||||
| Tamil Nadu | 9 | 9 | ||||
| Jharkhand | 7 | 2 | ||||
| Uttarakhand | 5 | 0 | ||||
| Himachal Pradesh | 4 | 0 | ||||
| Delhi | 3 | 0 | ||||
| Arunachal Pradesh | 2 | 0 | ||||
| Dadra Nagar Haveli and Daman Diu | 2 | 0 | ||||
| Goa | 2 | 1 | ||||
| Jammu and Kashmir | 2 | 0 | ||||
| Manipur | 2 | 2 | ||||
| Meghalaya | 2 | 1 | ||||
| Andaman and Nicobar Islands | 1 | 0 | ||||
| Chandigarh | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Ladakh | 1 | 0 | ||||
| Lakshadweep | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Mizoram | 1 | 0 | ||||
| Nagaland | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Puducherry | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Sikkim | 1 | 0 | ||||
| Tripura | 1 | 0 | ||||
| Samajwadi Party | Uttar Pradesh | 62 | 37 | |||
| Communist Party of India (Marxist) | West Bengal | 23 | 29 | 0 | 3 | |
| Tamil Nadu | 2 | 2 | ||||
| Andhra Pradesh | 1 | 0 | ||||
| Bihar | 1 | 0 | ||||
| Rajasthan | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Tripura | 1 | 0 | ||||
| Rashtriya Janata Dal | Bihar | 23 | 24 | 4 | 4 | |
| Jharkhand | 1 | 0 | ||||
| Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | Tamil Nadu | 21 | 22 | 21 | 22 | |
| Kongunadu Makkal Desia Katchi | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Shiv Sena (Uddhav Balasaheb Thackeray) | Maharashtra | 21 | 9 | |||
| Nationalist Congress Party (Sharadchandra Pawar) | 10 | 8 | ||||
| Aam Aadmi Party | Delhi | 4 | 7 | 0 | ||
| Gujarat | 2 | |||||
| Haryana | 1 | |||||
| Communist Party of India | Tamil Nadu | 2 | 6 | 2 | 2 | |
| West Bengal | 2 | 0 | ||||
| Andhra Pradesh | 1 | 0 | ||||
| Bihar | 1 | 0 | ||||
| Jharkhand Mukti Morcha | Jharkhand | 5 | 6 | 3 | 3 | |
| Odisha | 1 | 0 | ||||
| Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation | Bihar | 3 | 4 | 2 | 2 | |
| Jharkhand | 1 | 0 | ||||
| Revolutionary Socialist Party | West Bengal | 3 | 4 | 0 | 1 | |
| Kerala | 1 | 1 | ||||
| All India Forward Bloc | West Bengal | 2 | 3 | 0 | ||
| Madhya Pradesh | 1 | |||||
| Indian Union Muslim League | Kerala | 2 | 3 | 2 | 3 | |
| Tamil Nadu | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Jammu & Kashmir National Conference | Jammu and Kashmir | 3 | 2 | |||
| Vikassheel Insaan Party | Bihar | 3 | 0 | |||
| Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi | Tamil Nadu | 2 | 2 | |||
| All India Trinamool Congress | Uttar Pradesh | 1 | 0 | |||
| Assam Jatiya Parishad | Assam | 1 | 0 | |||
| Bharat Adivasi Party | Rajasthan | 1 | 1 | |||
| Kerala Congress | Kerala | 1 | 1 | |||
| Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | Tamil Nadu | 1 | 1 | |||
| Rashtriya Loktantrik Party | Rajasthan | 1 | 1 | |||
| Total | 541 | 201 | ||||
- INDIA parties under regional coalition/outside the alliance
| Parties | States/UTs | Seats contested | Seats Won | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All India Trinamool Congress | West Bengal | 42 | 47 | 29 | 29 | |
| Assam | 4 | 0 | ||||
| Meghalaya | 1 | 0 | ||||
| All India Forward Bloc | Maharashtra | 8 | 29 | 0 | ||
| Andhra Pradesh | 5 | |||||
| Uttar Pradesh | 5 | |||||
| Telangana | 3 | |||||
| Bihar | 2 | |||||
| Delhi | 2 | |||||
| Jammu and Kashmir | 2 | |||||
| Odisha | 1 | |||||
| West Bengal | 1 | |||||
| Communist Party of India | Uttar Pradesh | 6 | 24 | 0 | ||
| Jharkhand | 4 | |||||
| Kerala | 4 | |||||
| Madhya Pradesh | 3 | |||||
| Punjab | 3 | |||||
| Assam | 1 | |||||
| Chhattisgarh | 1 | |||||
| Maharashtra | 1 | |||||
| Odisha | 1 | |||||
| Communist Party of India (Marxist) | Kerala | 15 | 23 | 1 | 1 | |
| Andaman and Nicobar Islands | 1 | 0 | ||||
| Assam | 1 | |||||
| Jharkhand | 1 | |||||
| Karnataka | 1 | |||||
| Maharashtra | 1 | |||||
| Odisha | 1 | |||||
| Punjab | 1 | |||||
| Telangana | 1 | |||||
| Bharat Adivasi Party | Madhya Pradesh | 5 | 21 | 0 | ||
| Rajasthan | 5 | |||||
| Maharashtra | 4 | |||||
| Gujarat | 2 | |||||
| Jharkhand | 2 | |||||
| Andhra Pradesh | 1 | |||||
| Chhattisgarh | 1 | |||||
| Dadra Nagar Haveli and Daman Diu | 1 | |||||
| Aam Aadmi Party | Punjab | 13 | 15 | 3 | 3 | |
| Assam | 2 | 0 | ||||
| Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi | Telangana | 7 | 11 | 0 | ||
| Karnataka | 2 | |||||
| Andhra Pradesh | 1 | |||||
| Kerala | 1 | |||||
| Samajwadi Party | Andhra Pradesh | 7 | 9 | 0 | ||
| Gujarat | 1 | |||||
| Odisha | 1 | |||||
| Revolutionary Socialist Party | Andhra Pradesh | 3 | 6 | 0 | ||
| Punjab | 2 | |||||
| Telangana | 1 | |||||
| Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation | Andhra Pradesh | 1 | 3 | 0 | ||
| Odisha | 1 | |||||
| West Bengal | 1 | |||||
| Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party | Jammu and Kashmir | 3 | 0 | |||
| Indian National Congress | West Bengal | 1 | 2 | 0 | ||
| Rajasthan | 1 | |||||
| Nationalist Congress Party (Sharadchandra Pawar) | Haryana | 1 | 2 | 0 | ||
| Lakshadweep | 1 | |||||
| Kerala Congress (M) | Kerala | 1 | 0 | |||
| Total | 196 | 33 | ||||
Other notable parties and alliances
BSP leader Mayawati announced that her party will contest the election on its own in most states and ally with other non-BJP, non-Congress parties in a few states.[66] On 11 May 2023, Biju Janata Dal leader and then Chief Minister of Odisha Naveen Patnaik said that his party would go alone for the Lok Sabha polls in Odisha after talks with the BJP fell through.[67]
| Party/Alliance | States/UTs | Seats contested | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Recognised Parties | ||||
| Bahujan Samaj Party | Uttar Pradesh | 80 | 424 | |
| West Bengal | 5 | |||
| Bihar | ||||
| Tamil Nadu | 39 | |||
| Madhya Pradesh | 6 | |||
| Andhra Pradesh | 25 | |||
| Gujarat | 24 | |||
| Rajasthan | 24 | |||
| Karnataka | 21 | |||
| Odisha | ||||
| Kerala | 18 | |||
| Telangana | ||||
| Punjab | ||||
| Chhattisgarh | 11 | |||
| Delhi | 7 | |||
| Uttarakhand | 5 | |||
| Goa | 2 | |||
| Andaman and Nicobar Islands | 1 | |||
| DNHDD | 1 | |||
| Puducherry | 1 | |||
| All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | Tamil Nadu | 34 | 36 | |
| Andaman and Nicobar Islands | 1 | |||
| Puducherry | 1 | |||
| YSR Congress Party | Andhra Pradesh | 25 | ||
| Biju Janata Dal | Odisha | 21 | ||
| Bharat Rashtra Samithi | Telangana | 17 | ||
| Shiromani Akali Dal | Punjab | |||
| All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen | Telangana | 15 | ||
| Indian National Lok Dal | Haryana | |||
| Jammu and Kashmir National Panthers Party | Jammu and Kashmir | |||
| Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam | Tamil Nadu | 5 | ||
| Bodoland People's Front | Assam | 4 | ||
| All India United Democratic Front | Assam | 3 | ||
| Revolutionary Goans Party | Goa | 2 | ||
| Mizo National Front | Mizoram | 1 | ||
| Sikkim Democratic Front | Sikkim | 1 | ||
| Voice of the People Party | Meghalaya | 1 | ||
| United Democratic Party | Meghalaya | 1 | ||
| Zoram People's Movement | Mizoram | 1 | ||
| Unrecognised parties | ||||
| Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist) | West Bengal | |||
| Karnataka | 19 | |||
| Kerala | 8 | |||
| Assam | 6 | |||
| Andhra Pradesh | 4 | |||
| Delhi | 2 | |||
| Gujarat | 2 | |||
| Tamil Nadu | 2 | |||
| Andaman and Nicobar Islands | 1 | |||
| Chhattisgarh | 1 | |||
| Puducherry | 1 | |||
| Rajasthan | 1 | |||
| Tripura | 1 | |||
| Uttarakhand | 1 | |||
| Naam Tamilar Katchi | Tamil Nadu | 39 | 40 | |
| Puduchery | 1 | |||
| Gondwana Ganatantra Party | Madhya Pradesh | |||
| Chhattisgarh | 9 | |||
| Maharashtra | ||||
| Aazad Samaj Party | Uttar Pradesh | |||
| Madhya Pradesh | ||||
| Rajsthan | 5 | |||
| Chhattisgarh | 3 | |||
| Delhi | 1 | |||
| Vanchit Bahujan Aaghadi | Maharashtra | |||
| Indian Secular Front | West Bengal | 8 | ||
| Republican Party of India (Athawale) | Maharashtra | |||
| Andhra Pradesh | 8 | |||
| Assam | 4 | |||
| Karnataka | 4 | |||
| Chhattisgarh | 2 | |||
| Manipur | 1 | |||
| Rajasthan | 1 | |||
| Tripura | 1 | |||
| Gana Suraksha Party | West Bengal | |||
| Assam | 4 | |||
| Arunachal Pradesh | 1 | |||
| Social Democratic Party of India | Andhra Pradesh | 2 | ||
| Gujarat | 2 | |||
| Uttarakhand Kranti Dal | Uttarakhand | 3 | ||
| Jammu and Kashmir People's Conference | Jammu and Kashmir | 2 | ||
| Jammu and Kashmir Apni Party | Jammu and Kashmir | 2 | ||
Candidates
Incumbent Prime Minister Narendra Modi was announced as the prime ministerial candidate of the NDA.[68][69] The INDIA bloc announced that the alliance will decide the Prime Minister after the polls.[70][71]
National Democratic Alliance
The BJP announced its first list of 195 candidates on 2 March 2024[72][73] and the second list of 72 candidates was published in 13 March,[74] while the third list of nine candidates was announced on 21 March.[75] The fourth list of 15 candidates was released on 22 March,[76] followed by the declaration of fifth list of 111 candidates on 24 March. Ultimately, the twentieth list of one candidate was released on 10 May.[77]
For the first time since 1996, the BJP did not field candidates in the Kashmir division, with analysts and opposition politicians attributing it to popular backlash over the BJP government's revocation of Jammu and Kashmir's autonomy enshrined under Article 370 of the Indian Constitution in 2019. Despite not having a formal candidate, BJP maintains a presence in the region through their support of local parties [78]
Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance
The Congress released its first list of 39 candidates on 8 March 2024.[79][80] Eventually, the twenty-eighth list of one candidate was announced on 7 May.[81]
The All India Trinamool Congress (AITC) announced its list of 42 candidates for the West Bengal parliamentary seats on 10 March.[82] In the Left Front, the CPI(M) announced its list first list of 44 candidates contesting from 13 different states on 28 March.[83]
Major election issues
Unemployment
The issue of unemployment has been a major problem for the Indian economy, especially affecting the youth.[84][85] Unemployment in India has been at a 45-year old high.[86] According to a 2022 World Bank report, India's youth unemployment rate stood at 23.2%,[87] whereas the national unemployment hovered around 7%.[84] In 2023, 42.3% of graduates were unemployed, showing the lack of job growth needed to accommodate the increasing workforce.[88]
Unemployment took a centre stage in the election campaigns, with the opposition Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance criticising the BJP government's handling of the Indian economy for rising inflation, inequality and unemployment.[88] As a part of its separate youth manifesto, the Congress-led INDIA bloc promised to fill in the 3 million vacancies in government jobs and bring in the "Right to Apprenticeship", in which any diploma and degree holder up to the age of 25 can demand employment for one year and they will get a one-year salary of ₹100,000 for the term of the job.[89]
Ram Mandir consecration ceremony and sectarianism
The BJP prepared a pamphlet for the Ram Mandir Inauguration Programmes to connect with families across the nation. After the consecration of the Ram Mandir in Ayodhya, a new era of Hindu nationalistic sentiments have dominated the political sphere in India.[90][91] Modi kept a long-standing political pledge of the reconstruction of the Ram Mandir and was seen to have fulfilled the BJP's manifesto to the nation's Hindu population.[91] The Hindu nationalist ideology of Modi and the BJP has also garnered substantial support from Hindu community members.[92][93] At the same time, Bollywood productions have been released with themes supporting the Modi government's policies and Hindu nationalist ideologies.[94] In response to such concerns, BJP spokesperson Mmhonlumo Kikon acknowledged the existence of a "level of threat perception", but said that the party was trying to change that.[95]
A major controversy was stirred when the opposition Congress Party and its leaders declined an invitation to the Ram Mandir consecration ceremony, saying that the event was politicised into a 'BJP-RSS event'.[96] Assam chief minister Himanta Biswa Sarma said that the invitation was an opportunity for the Congress to 'reduce its sin', and that history would continue to judge it as 'anti-Hindu'.[97] The four Shankaracharyas also declined attending the event, stating that the ceremony was politicised as a campaign event at the half-built temple.[98][99]
During a campaign rally in Rajasthan on 21 April, Narendra Modi accused the Congress party of prioritizing Muslim access to national wealth and planning to distribute resources among "those who have more children" and "infiltrators" once it was in power, which reflected stereotypes about Muslims reproducing in greater numbers and conspiracy theories pushed by the BJP that Muslims were planning to outnumber Hindus. Congress leader Mallikarjun Kharge called Modi's remarks a panic-filled "hate speech" and a ploy to divert attention from the opposition outperforming the BJP during the first phase of the election, while officials in Rajasthan received complaints from the Azad Adhikar Sena and a non-profit organisation demanding Modi's arrest and for his campaign to be suspended.[100][101]
A complaint letter by the Samvidhan Bacchao Nagrik Abhiyan (Save the Constitution Citizens' Campaign) organisation to the Election Commission of India, signed by over 17,400 people, alleged that Modi had violated the Model Code of Conduct and the Representation of the People Act, 1951 by making a speech "aiming at not only appealing to 'communal feelings' but also instigating and aggravating hatred in the Hindus against Muslims".[102][103]
Electoral Bonds
On 15 February 2024, the Supreme Court of India ruled that the Electoral Bond system of campaign financing that was introduced by the Modi government in 2017 which allowed individuals and companies to donate money to political parties anonymously and without limits was unconstitutional, saying that the process allowed donors to assert "influence over policymaking".[104] On 18 March, the court ordered the State Bank of India (SBI) to provide all records regarding the electoral bonds to the Election Commission of India by 21 March in order to match electoral donors with their recipients and rejected a plea by the Confederation of Indian Industry, the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry, and the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India from divulging the identities of donors. Initial reports suggest that among the leading donors to political parties were some of India's largest firms such as Vedanta Limited, Bharti Airtel, RPSG Group and Essel Mining. It also found that the BJP was the recipient of nearly half of all recorded donations.[105]
In total, the top five political parties in terms of electoral bonds received are the BJP, which received Rs 6,060.5 crore, the All India Trinamool Congress (TMC), which received Rs 1,609.5 crore, the Congress Party, with Rs 1,421.8 crore, the Bharat Rashtra Samithi (BRS), which received Rs 1,214.7 crore, and the Biju Janata Dal (BJD), which received Rs 775.5 crore.[106][107][108] The biggest buyer of electoral bonds was found to be Santiago Martin, the Tamil Nadu-based head of the lottery firm Future Gaming and Hotel Services Private Limited, who bought bonds worth 13.68 billion rupees ($163 million) between 2020 and 2024 and made donations to the TMC, the BJP, and the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK), which rules Tamil Nadu. The biggest single donor to any political party was Megha Engineering and Infrastructure Limited (MEIL), a construction firm based in Hyderabad that bought electoral bonds worth over 12 billion rupees ($144 million) between 2019 and 2024 and made donations to the Bharat Rashtra Samithi (BRS), the BJP, and the Congress Party, who alternated in ruling Telangana during that time.[109]
Some politicians from the opposition have termed Electoral Bonds a "scam" and an "extortion racket".[110][111][112] In response to allegations regarding the electoral bonds, BJP spokesperson Syed Zafar Islam denied that the party had done any wrongdoing and said that its electoral bonds were gained "on merit".[109] However, Indian political observers have reached the conclusion that either Indian businessmen have been regularly bribing their way out of trouble, or that the BJP-controlled government has been using government agencies to extort them. From the data released by the SBI, it was found that companies gave donations around the time they received major government contracts. Close to half of the top 30 corporate donors were facing investigations by government agencies around the time they purchased electoral bonds.[113][114][115]
Party campaigns
Bharatiya Janata Party
The national executive meeting of the BJP held on 16 and 17 January 2023 saw the party reaffirm its faith in Prime Minister Narendra Modi and extend the tenure of BJP national president J. P. Nadda.[116]
Charting out the BJP's strategy for the upcoming polls, Modi said in a speech to party workers that they should reach out to every section of society, including the marginalised and minority communities, "without electoral considerations".[117]
Following the 2023 Legislative Assembly elections, Modi debuted the slogan "Modi Ki Guarantee" for the 2024 polls.[118] Another slogan used was Abki Baar 400 Paar (This Time Surpassing 400),[119][120] referring to the party's goal of winning more than 400 out of 543 seats in the Lok Sabha.[121] Having been used by the BJP in previous elections, including the 2019 general election with some changes,[122] election analysts have said that the path for the BJP to achieve this goal will likely be by winning more seats in the south of India than in previous elections.[123]
The party held political rallies in multiple states with national leadership including Modi, BJP President J. P. Nadda and Amit Shah campaigning actively.[124][125][126]
During a campaign rally, Uttar Pradesh chief minister Yogi Adityanath described the election as a contest between "devotees of Ram" and "anti-Ram forces" and urged voters to select the former. Modi also accused the opposition of plotting to raze the Ram Temple once they were in power.[127]
During a campaign rally in Rajasthan on 21 April, Narendra Modi accused the Congress party of prioritizing Muslim access to national wealth and planning to distribute resources among "those who have more children" and "infiltrators" once it was in power, which reflected stereotypes about Muslims reproducing in greater numbers and conspiracy theories pushed by the BJP that Muslims were planning to outnumber Hindus. Congress leader Mallikarjun Kharge called Modi's remarks a panic-filled "hate speech" and a ploy to divert attention from the opposition outperforming the BJP during the first phase of the election, while officials in Rajasthan received complaints from the Azad Adhikar Sena and a non-profit organisation demanding Modi's arrest and for his campaign to be suspended.[100][101] Following Modi's speech, the BJP posted an animated video on its official Instagram account reiterating Modi's claims and showing Rahul Gandhi holding a copy of the Congress Party's election manifesto that morphs into the symbol of the All-India Muslim League. After being flagged by multiple users, the video was taken down less than 24 hours after its publication.[128] A similar video posted on X towards voters in Karnataka was also ordered taken down by the Electoral Commission and led to police opening cases against senior BJP leaders.[129]
A complaint letter by the Samvidhan Bacchao Nagrik Abhiyan (Save the Constitution Citizens' Campaign) organisation to the Election Commission of India, signed by over 17,400 people, alleged that Modi had violated the Model Code of Conduct and the Representation of the People Act, 1951 by making a speech "aiming at not only appealing to 'communal feelings' but also instigating and aggravating hatred in the Hindus against Muslims".[102][103]
On 14 April 2024, the BJP invited foreign diplomats posted in the country as well as 25 overseas political parties including the Conservative and the Labour parties of the United Kingdom, the Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU) and the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD), as well as the Awami League of Bangladesh to observe the party's electoral campaign.[130][131] This initiative was part of the "Know BJP" campaign, aimed at external outreach and familiarisation with the election process. As part of this program, BJP president J. P. Nadda met with envoys from 13 countries.[132][133]
Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance
The Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance (INDIA) bloc's first joint rally was held in Patna, Bihar on 3 March 2024. The rally saw, among others, Congress president Mallikarjun Kharge, party leader Rahul Gandhi, Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD) chief Lalu Prasad Yadav, former Bihar deputy chief minister Tejashwi Yadav, Samajwadi Party leader Akhilesh Yadav, and senior Left leaders Sitaram Yechury and D. Raja. Kharge attacked Kumar for frequently changing alliances and criticised the BJP for not fulfilling its promise of jobs and neglecting the country's poor and the majority.[134]
The alliance jointly held a rally at Shivaji Park in Mumbai on 17 March, a day after the end of Rahul Gandhi's Bharat Jodo Nyay Yatra. The rally was attended by Gandhi, SS(UBT) president Uddhav Thackeray, NCP(SP) leader Sharad Pawar, RJD leader Tejashwi Yadav, and DMK leader and Tamil Nadu chief minister M. K. Stalin, among many others.[135] At the rally, Gandhi said that he was compelled to launch his yatra due to rising inflation and unemployment in the nation.[136]
A few days after arrest of Delhi chief minister Arvind Kejriwal in connection with the alleged Delhi liquor scam on 22 March,[137] the opposition alliance held a protest rally against the same in Ramlila Maidan, Delhi on 31 March, where opposition leaders alleged the corruption case on him and his subsequent arrest to be a "fabrication with political motives" and a "witch hunt".[138][139][140] At the rally, named "Loktantra Bachao" (Save Democracy), amid current events, the opposition tried to frame the election as being "democracy vs dictatorship".[141]
Indian National Congress
The Congress campaign was launched from Nagpur at a huge rally in which over 1 million people were expected to have attended on 28 December 2023.[142] This rally also marked the 138th Congress Foundation Day and was being held to energise party cadres for the 2024 general election.[143] Party workers from all over the state were called to join the rally.[143][144]
On 14 January, the party launched its Bharat Jodo Nyay Yatra,[145] a sequel to the Bharat Jodo Yatra held the previous year.[146] The yatra started in Thoubal, Manipur and ended in Mumbai on 16 March 2024.[145] It covered 6,713 kilometres (4,171 miles) across 14 states.[147]
Rahul Gandhi warned that the whole of India will be on fire if the BJP wins the 2024 parliamentary elections and changes the Constitution, during an address at Delhi's Ramlila Maidan. The party slogan for the election was "Haath Badlega Halaat".[148][149][150][151]
Crowdfunding
The Congress started a crowdfunding campaign known as Donate for Desh (Donate for the Country) ahead of the general elections. It formally launched the campaign's digital version on 18 December 2023 at a dedicated website. It claimed to be inspired from Mahatma Gandhi's Tilak Swaraj Fund (1920–21). The physical version of the campaign, which be done via door-to-door collection drives, was launched on 28 December.[152][153]
The campaign received ₹1.45 crore (US$150,000) on its first day, with the top five states in amount of donations being Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Delhi, and Karnataka.[154]
By the end of 2023, the campaign received around ₹9 crore (US$930,000), with 30% of the funds being collected from Telangana and Maharashtra alone.[155]
The campaign had collected about ₹20 crore (US$2.1 million) according to the party when on 28 January, it rebranded its crowdfunding campaign to Donate for Nyay (Donate for Justice), in line with Rahul Gandhi's ongoing Bharat Jodo Nyay Yatra.[156] The ensuing crowdfunding campaign collected four crores in 4 days.[157]
Funding issues
On 16 February 2024, the Congress Party alleged that the Income Tax Department (IT) ordered the freezing of bank accounts by the Congress Party containing 2.1 billion rupees ($25.3 million) as part of an ongoing legal dispute.[158] The Congress Party's treasurer Ajay Maken later added that tax authorities imposed a 2.1-billion rupee ($25 million) lien on 13 February, "virtually sealed" its bank accounts and confiscated 1.1 billion rupees ($14 million). The party's leader Rahul Gandhi complained that the restrictions had rendered the party unable to campaign properly, adding that "Our entire financial identity has been erased." Gandhi also accused Modi and Home Minister Amit Shah of conducting a "criminal action" against the party, which the BJP denied. His mother and former Congress leader Sonia Gandhi also alleged that the tax issues are "part of the systemic efforts to cripple" the party. An appeal is currently pending in the Supreme Court.[159]
According to the IT Department's official sources, it has recovered ₹135 crore from the Congress for breaking the legislation exempting political parties from paying taxes, rather than freezing the party's bank accounts as the opposition party had claimed.[160] The party received notices from the IT department again on 29 March asking it to pay ₹1,823.08 crore (US$189 million). The Congress accused the BJP of engaging in "tax terrorism" and alleged that the BJP is in serious violation of income-tax laws and that the IT department should raise a demand of ₹4,617.58 crore (US$480 million) crore from the BJP for such violations.[161]
Communist Party of India (Marxist)
The Communist Party of India (Marxist) began their election campaign in Kerala after announcing 15 candidates in the state.[162]
Rashtriya Janata Dal
The Rashtriya Janata Dal began its campaign with its Jan Vishwas Yatra ("People's Trust Yatra") on 20 February 2024. RJD leader Tejashwi Yadav launched the yatra from Muzaffarpur in Bihar. The yatra lasted until 1 March 2024 and covered 33 districts.[163][164] In Siwan on 23 February, Yadav termed the BJP "a dustbin" which takes in other parties that have become "garbage".[165][166]
Aam Aadmi Party
The election period also coincided with investigations by authorities into state officials belonging to opposition parties, such as Delhi Chief Minister and Aam Aadmi Party leader Arvind Kejriwal, who was under investigation for alleged corruption in the allocation of liquor licences, and Jharkhand Chief Minister Hemant Soren, who was arrested in February 2024 for allegedly facilitating an illegal land sale. The Enforcement Directorate is also investigating four chief ministers not allied with the BJP on various charges, while investigations have been closed on former opposition politicians who have since joined the BJP. Hartosh Singh Bal, a journalist for the current affairs magazine The Caravan told Agence France-Presse that the move by government agencies indicated their behavior as "handmaidens of the ruling party to cow down the political opposition".[158]
Following Kejriwal's arrest on 21 March over the liquor license scam charges, Delhi's finance minister Atishi Marlena Singh accused the BJP of orchestrating a "political conspiracy" against Kejriwal.[167] His arrest also led to clashes between party leaders, supporters and the police on 22 March.[168] Rahul Gandhi, reacting to Kejriwal's arrest, said that a "scared dictator" wants to create a "dead democracy", without naming anyone.[169] After he was released on bail and allowed to vote, Kejriwal urged citizens to "vote against dictatorship".[170] He then returned to prison as part of his bail conditions.[171]
The BJP-led government has been known to use Enforcement Directorate raids to target opposition politicians critical of it, with 95% of cases registered being against opposition leaders.[172][173][174] Since 2014, 25 opposition leaders facing corruption charges have joined the BJP, with 23 of them having their inquiries closed or frozen after joining the ruling party.[175] This has led the Congress Party to compare the trend to a "washing machine" in one of its campaign videos.[128]
Shiv Sena
After an intraparty dispute that led to the splitting of the Shiv Sena party based in Maharashtra, the Supreme Court of India barred the Shiv Sena (UBT) faction which joined the I.N.D.I.A. alliance from using the party's historic bow-and-arrow symbol as its electoral symbol in balloting and awarded it instead to the Balasahebanchi Shiv Sena wing which joined the NDA. This led the UBT faction to adopt a torch as its electoral symbol.[176]
Party manifestos
Bharatiya Janata Party
The BJP proposed a 'GYAN' formula consisting of four segments – Garib (poor), Yuva (youth), Annadata (farmers) and Nari (women) in its manifesto.[177] The Bharatiya Janata Party started a campaign to gather public recommendations and suggestions for the advancement of the State and the country, which will be incorporated into the party's manifesto titled 'Modi ki guarantee' for the 2024 general elections.[178][179][180][181][182][183][184]
- Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam: In order to assure women's representation in the legislatures of the states and the national leadership, the BJP pledged to systematically implement the Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam.
- Lakhpati Didi: 30,000,000 rural women are being empowered to become "Lakhpati Didis".
- Free ration: Under the PM Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana, the BJP announced that it would give 800,000,000 citizens free rations for the next five years.
- Increasing MSP: on crops on a periodic basis was pledged in the manifesto. 6,000 rupees in annual financial support under the PM Kisan Samman Nidhi Yojana.
- Free electricity: The PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana's free power for low-income homes was another pledge in the manifesto.
- 3 Crore house: In the PM Housing Scheme, the BJP manifesto pledges to build 30,000,000 houses, people with disabilities will now be given priority, and care will be taken to make sure they are housed in accordance with their unique requirements.
- For youngsters: BJP pledge to enact laws to stop the leak of competitive test question papers. Increase the startup ecosystem's reach to encourage youth entrepreneurship. Expanding job prospects in the manufacturing sector. Creating jobs through the development of infrastructure. Creating jobs through growing the tourism industry.
- For truck drivers: Construction of modern buildings with facilities which allows truck drivers to rest, park, and have access to clean drinking water and food on all national highways.
- One Nation, One Election: In its manifesto, or Sankalp Patra, the BJP includes "One Nation, One Election," for the general elections. This implies that simultaneous elections for the Lok Sabha and all the state assemblies may take place in 2029.[185]
- Uniform Civil Code: The manifesto includes the implementation of the Uniform Civil Code (UCC).[186]
- Free Ayushman for all senior citizens: Under the Ayushman Bharat Yojana, all senior citizens would be eligible for free, high-quality healthcare up to Rs 5 Lakhs.
- US$5 trillion economy: The BJP pledges to increase India's GDP to US$5 trillion by 2025 and $10 trillion by 2032. The Ministry of Finance has predicted that India's economy will rank third overall in the world.[187][188] Earlier in 2018 and then again in 2019, Modi had stated the goal of the country reaching a GDP of US$5 trillion by 2022 and 2024 respectively, which went unrealized.[189][190]
- United Nations Security Council: committed to securing India's UN Security Council permanent membership.
- Crack down on terrorism: Initiatives to create partnership to eliminate global terror and crack down on terror funding.
- Left wing extremism: Fighting Left-Wing Extremism by promoting growth and utilizing a variety of approaches.
- Third-largest economic power: India will rank as the country with the third-largest GDP. India's rank rose from the 11th to the 5th largest GDP in the last ten years.
- Man on Moon and Bharatiya Antariksha Station: to establish a permanent Bharatiya Antariksha Station and send a man to the moon.
Indian National Congress
The Congress released their group-specific manifesto promises for the general election in the month of March.[191] The manifesto focuses on five major segments of the population and promises them:
- Youth Manifesto: formal employment for a year to under 25 graduate students, filling of 3,000,000 government job vacancies, transparency in government job recruitment, ₹5,000 crore (US$605,000) fund for startups, standardisation of the government recruitment exam process, and social security for gig workers.[89][192][193]
- Women Manifesto: ₹100,000 in financial assistance to women from poor families, 50% of new government job recruitments to women, double central government's contribution to the salary of anganwadi, ASHA, and midday meal workers, legal assistance in every panchayat, and at least one hostel for working women in district headquarters.[194][195]
- Farmers Manifesto: legal guarantee on MSP for farmers, waiving off of farmers' loans, an import-export policy favourable to them, removal of GST from agricultural commodities, and payments directly into farmers' bank accounts within 30 days in case of crop loss.[196]
- Labourers Manifesto: Universal healthcare coverage for workers, increasing national minimum wage to ₹400 (US$4.8) per day from the current ₹172 (US$2.1) per day, an urban employment guarantee law similar to MGNREGA in the rural areas, life and accident insurance for informal sector workers.[197][198]
- Caste census: The Congress party declared that, if it wins the election, it will conduct a comprehensive census called to survey the population, socio-economic conditions, and representation in governance institutions. It also promised to bring in legislation to eliminate the 50% cap on reservations for SC, ST, and backward classes and to protect tribal forest rights.[199] Rahul Gandhi's call for "jitni abadi, utna haq" (distribution of public resources proportionate to the population) and the combined demands of the opposition parties (SP, RJD, and Congress) for a caste census.[200]
The complete manifesto titled Nyay Patra (Hindi: न्याय पत्र, lit. 'Justice Paper') was released on 5 April 2024.[201][202] Some noticeable points in the manifesto include (apart from above promises released earlier) the:
- Introduction of a law to recognize civil unions between couples belonging to the LGBTQIA+ community.
- Implementation of the Rajasthan Model of cashless insurance up to 2,500,000 for universal healthcare.
- Prohibitions on dumping of effluents into water bodies across India.
- Increasing of forest cover as India has lost the second – highest forest cover after Brazil between 2015 and 2020.
- Establishment of community sports centers at every block and municipality level as well as multi – sport center at every district level.
- Establishment of government medical colleges – cum – hospitals in all districts of India.
- Abolition of the Agnipath Scheme and a return to the normal recruitment processes followed by the Army, Navy and Air Force.
- Waiving of student education loans as a one – time measure outstanding as of 15 March 2024.
- Provision of one day in a week to discuss the agenda suggested by the opposition benches in each House of Parliament.
- Non – intervention with personal choices of food and dress, to love and marry, and to travel and reside in any part of India. All laws and rules that interfere unreasonably with personal freedoms will be repealed.
- Decriminalisation of the offence of defamation and provide, by law, a speedy remedy by way of civil damages.
- Rejection of the 'One Nation One Election' idea.
- Establishment of a National Judicial Commission (NJC) responsible for the selection and appointment of judges of the High Courts and the Supreme Court.
- Amending of the Constitution to create two divisions in the Supreme Court: a Constitutional Court and a Court of Appeal. The Constitutional Court consisting of the seven most senior judges will hear and decide cases involving the interpretation of the Constitution and other cases of legal significance or national importance. The Court of Appeal will be the final court of appeal that will, sitting in Benches of three judges each, hear appeals from the High Court and National Tribunals.
- Elimination of the "Angel tax" and all other exploitative tax schemes that inhibit investment in new micro, small companies and innovative start-ups.
Misinformation
Narendra Modi, on 21 April during an election campaign rally in Rajasthan, falsely claimed that former Prime Minister Manmohan Singh once said "Muslims have the first right on the country's resources". However, Singh's speech also mentioned backward communities, including scheduled castes, scheduled tribes, Other Backward Classes, women, children, and minorities.[203] Modi falsely claimed that Rahul Gandhi had not named Gautam Adani and Mukesh Ambani throughout the elections. Gandhi had mentioned Adani and Ambani about 25 times.[204]
In April 2024, the BBC reported that Generative AI and deepfake videos were allegedly used by both the BJP and the opposition parties in the 2024 elections.[205]
An alleged doctored video of BJP leader Amit Shah’s speech regarding reservations in Telangana on April 23 was posted by Telangana Congress on the social media platform X (formerly Twitter), where Amit Shah was falsely shown to be announcing the curtailment of reservations granted to the SC, ST, & OBC communities.[206] Shah accused the opposition of tampering with his video, leading to the registration of an FIR and a summons being issued to Telangana's Chief Minister Revanth Reddy.[207] The police arrested two people, one from the Congress party, and another from the opposition Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) in connection with Shah's case.[205] The arrested Congress worker was associated with its social media unit, and was alleged to have created the video.[208][209] The Congress Party denied the involvement of its worker in this case.[210]
In June 2024, Time noted throughout the elections, associates and supporters of the BJP circulated fake news in order to discredit its opponents and spread hatred against religious minorities.[211]
Surveys and polls
Opinion polls
| Polling agency | Date published | Sample size | Margin of error | Lead | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NDA | INDIA | Others | |||||
| 2024 election results | 43.8% | 41.48% | 14.72% | 2.32 | |||
| ABP News-CVoter | April 2024[212] | 57,566 | ±3–5% | 46.6 | 39.8 | 13.6 | 6.8 |
| News 18 | March 2024[213] | 118,616 | ±4% | 48 | 32 | 20 | 16 |
| ABP News-CVoter | March 2024[214] | 41,762[215] | ±5% | 46 | 39 | 15 | 7 |
| Times Now-ETG | March 2024[216] | 323,357[217] | ±3% | 52 | 42 | 6 | 10 |
| Zee News-Matrize | February 2024[218] | 167,843 | ±2% | 43.6 | 27.7 | 24.9 | 15.9 |
| India Today-CVoter | February 2024[219] | 149,092[220] | ±3–5% | 45 | 38 | 17 | 8 |
| Times Now-ETG | February 2024[221] | 156,843[222] | ±2% | 41.8 | 28.6 | 29.6 | 13.2 |
| ABP News-CVoter | December 2023[223] | 200,000 | ±3–5% | 42 | 38 | 20 | 4 |
| Times Now-ETG | December 2023[224][225] | 147,231[226] | ±3% | 44 | 39 | 17 | 5 |
| India TV-CNX | October 2023[227][228] | 54,250 | ±3% | 43.4 | 39.1 | 17.5 | 4.3 |
| Times Now-ETG | October 2023[229] | 135,100[230] | ±3% | 42.6 | 40.2 | 17.2 | 2.4 |
| August 2023[231][232] | 110,662[233] | ±3% | 42.6 | 40.2 | 17.2 | 2.4 | |
| India Today-CVoter | August 2023[234] | 160,438 | ±3–5% | 43 | 41 | 16 | 2 |
| Formation of the big-tent INDIA opposition bloc | |||||||
| India Today-CVoter | January 2023[235] | 140,917 | ±3–5% | 43 | 30 | 27 | 13 |
| 2019 election results | 45.3% | 27.5% | 27.2% | 17.8 | |||
| Polling agency | Date published | Sample size | Margin of error | Lead | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NDA | INDIA | Others | |||||
| 2024 election results | 293 | 234 | 16 | NDA +43 | |||
| TV9 Bharatvarsh - People's Insight - Polstrat | April 2024[236] | 2,500,000 | 3% | 362 | 149 | 32 | NDA +81 |
| ABP News-CVoter | April 2024[212] | 57,566 | ±3–5% | 373 | 155 | 15 | NDA +203 |
| Times Now-ETG | April 2024[237] | 271,292[238] | ±3% | 384 | 118 | 41 | NDA +224 |
| News18 | March 2024[239] | 118,616[240] | ±4% | 411 | 105 | 27 | NDA +279 |
| ABP News-CVoter | March 2024[214] | 41,762 | ±5% | 366 | 156 | 21 | NDA +189 |
| India TV-CNX | March 2024[241] | 162,900[242] | ±3% | 378 | 98 | 67 | NDA +213 |
| Times Now-ETG | March 2024[243] | 323,357 | ±3% | 358–398 | 110–130 | 40–50 | NDA |
| Zee News-Matrize | February 2024[218] | 167,843 | ±2% | 377 | 93 | 73 | NDA +211 |
| India Today-CVoter | February 2024[219] | 149,092[220] | ±3–5% | 335 | 166 | 42 | NDA +127 |
| Times Now-ETG | February 2024[244] | 156,843 | ±2% | 366 | 104 | 73 | NDA +189 |
| ABP-CVoter | December 2023[223] | 200,000 | ±3–5% | 295–335 | 165–205 | 35–65 | NDA +80 |
| Times Now-ETG | December 2023[224][225] | 147,231 | ±3% | 319–339 | 148–168 | 52–61 | NDA +114 |
| India TV-CNX | October 2023[227][228] | 54,250 | ±3% | 315 | 172 | 56 | NDA +87 |
| Times Now-ETG | October 2023[229] | 135,100 | ±3% | 297–317 | 165–185 | 57–65 | NDA |
| August 2023[231][232] | 110,662 | ±3% | 296–326 | 160–190 | 56–64 | NDA | |
| India Today-CVoter | August 2023[234] | 160,438 | ±3–5% | 306 | 193 | 54 | NDA |
| Formation of the big-tent INDIA opposition bloc | |||||||
| India Today-CVoter | January 2023[235] | 140,917 | ±3–5% | 298 | 153 | 92 | NDA |
| 2019 election results | 353 | 91 | 99 | NDA | |||
Exit polls
The Election Commission of India banned the publication of all exit polls starting 48 hours before Phase 1 of the election until the end of Phase 7. This was intended to prevent exit polls from earlier phases affecting voter decisions in later phases. The ban ended after the close of Phase 7 voting at 18:30 IST on 1 June 2024.[245]
| Polling agency | Lead | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NDA | INDIA | Others | ||
| 2019 election results | 353 | 91 | 99 | 81 |
| ABP News-CVoter[246] | 368±15 | 167±15 | 8±4 | 96 |
| Agni News Services[247] | 242 | 264 | 37 | HUNG |
| Dainik Bhaskar[247] | 316±34 | 173±28 | 41±8 | 44 |
| DB Live[248] | 221±20 | 275±15 | 38±10 | 3 |
| India Today-Axis My India[249] | 381±20 | 148±18 | 14±6 | 109 |
| India News-Dynamics[247] | 371 | 125 | 47 | 99 |
| India TV-CNX[250] | 386±15 | 134±15 | 33±5 | 96 |
| NDTV-Jan Ki Baat[251] | 377±15 | 151±10 | 15±5 | 105 |
| News18-CNBC[252] | 362±8 | 132±8 | 47±5 | 90 |
| News 24-Today's Chanakya[247] | 400±15 | 107-11 | 36±9 | 128 |
| News Nation[247] | 360±18 | 161±8 | 22±1 | 88 |
| Republic TV-Matrize[247] | 360±8 | 126±8 | 30 | 88 |
| Republic TV-PMarq[247] | 359 | 154 | 30 | 87 |
| Times Now-ETG[247] | 358 | 152 | 33 | 86 |
| TV9 Bharatvarsh - People's Insight - Polstrat[253] | 346 | 162 | 35 | 74 |
| Pratik - Classifiction | 265 | 265 | 13 | HUNG |
| 2024 election results | 293 | 234 | 16 | 21 |
Voting
_and_other_election_related_materials_required_for_the_5th_Phase_of_General_Elections-2024_at_Serampore,_in_West_Bengal_on_May_19,_2024.jpg)
- The Phase 1 voting was conducted on 19 April 2024.[254][255] Re-polling in 11 polling stations of Inner Manipur was held on 22 April due to violence.[256][257] Re-polling was conducted for eight polling stations in Arunachal Pradesh on 24 April due to reports of violence and EVM damage.[258][259]
- The Phase 2 voting was conducted on 26 April 2024.[260][261] Re-polling was conducted on 29 April for a polling station in Chamarajanagar due to violence and EVM damage[262][263] and for six polling stations in Outer Manipur on 30 April due to violence, EVM damage and forced voting allegedly carried out by unidentified armed individuals.[264][265] Re-polling was also conducted for a polling station in Ajmer on 2 May 2024, due to a misplaced voters' register.[266][267]
- The Phase 3 voting was conducted on 7 May 2024. The voter turnout for the third phase of Lok Sabha elections reached 65.68%. In this phase, 17.24 crore (172,400,000) citizens, comprising 8.85 crore (88,500,000) men and 8.39 crore (83,900,000) women, were eligible to cast their votes.[268]
- The Phase 4 voting was conducted on 13 May 2024, in which 96 constituencies voted.[269]
- The Phase 5 voting was conducted on 20 May 2024, in which 49 constituencies voted.[127]
- The Phase 6 voting was conducted on 25 May 2024, in which 58 constituencies voted.[270]
- The Phase 7 voting was conducted on 1 June 2024, in which 57 constituencies voted.[271] Repolling at one booth each in the Barasat and Mathurapur constituencies of West Bengal was held on 3 June, due to violence.[272]
Incidents
During Phase 1 of the election, violence broke out outside a polling station in Thamanpokpi in Manipur.[273][274] Clashes between BJP and TMC party workers were reported in the Cooch Behar, Alipurduar and Jalpaiguri constituencies of West Bengal,[275][276] and one Central Reserve Police Force (CPRF) personnel was found dead in a polling booth in Cooch Behar.[277][278] In Chhattisgarh, one CRPF personnel was killed during polling.[279][280] Clashes between VCK and BJP cadres were reported in Chidambaram constituency in Tamil Nadu, where two VCK cadres and one BJP cadre were injured.[281][282]
During Phase 2 of voting, eight voters in Kerala died of heat stroke while voting.[283][284] In Manipur, two CPRF personnel were killed and two more were seriously injured in a militant attack in Bishnupur district,[285][286] a man was killed in a gunfight between two unidentified groups in the Kangpokpi and Imphal East districts,[287][288] and incidents of EVM vandalism, voter intimidation and coercion were reported in two polling stations in Ukhrul.[289][290]
A complaint letter by the Samvidhan Bacchao Nagrik Abhiyan (Save the Constitution Citizens' Campaign) organisation to the Election Commission of India, signed by over 17,400 people, alleged that Modi had violated the Model Code of Conduct and the Representation of the People Act, 1951 by making a speech "aiming at not only appealing to 'communal feelings' but also instigating and aggravating hatred in the Hindus against Muslims".[102][103]
During Phase 6 of voting, Mehbooba Mufti, who is contesting the Anantnag–Rajouri constituency in Jammu and Kashmir for the Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party, said several of her party workers were detained by police to prevent them from voting. In West Bengal, TMC workers blocked the car of BJP candidate Agnimitra Paul while she was on her way to vote in the Medinipur constituency.[291] Prashant Jagdev, the BJP candidate for the 2024 Odisha Legislative Assembly election in Begunia, was arrested on suspicion of vandalising an EVM.[292]
During Phase 7 of voting, a mob looted election material from a polling booth and dumped it into a pond in Kultali, Jaynagar in West Bengal. Clashes erupted between BJP and TMC supporters in Sandeshkhali.[293] In Uttar Pradesh, at least 33 election workers, including security and sanitation staff, died of heat stroke, along with a voter waiting in line in Ballia.[294] State election officials subsequently stated that compensation of 1.5 million rupees ($18,000) would be given to the families of the deceased workers.[295] At least ten election related deaths were also reported in Bihar that day.[296] In response to the ongoing heatwave, ECI chief Rajiv Kumar said they had learned a lesson and "should have completed the election at least one month before".[297]
Instances of EVM malfunctioning and removal of candidates belonging to the opposition were reported throughout the elections.[298] On 18 April, the Supreme Court asked the ECI to look into reported EVM malfunctioning in Kerala.[16] 150 EVMs were replaced in Assam after reported malfunctioning.[299] In Varanasi, about 33 nominations challenging Narendra Modi were rejected, of which eight applicants claimed that the process was rigged in favour of the BJP.[17]
On 4 June, former Chhattisgarh Chief Minister Bhupesh Baghel said there was a discrepancy in EVM numbers while former Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Akhilesh Yadav accused the administration of carrying out arrests of his party workers in order to stop them from counting votes.[300]
Voter turnout
642 million people voted in the election including 312 million women voters, making it the highest ever participation in a single election.[12][13]
| State/UT | Total | Voter turnout by phase | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phase 1
19 April |
Phase 2
26 April |
Phase 3[304]
7 May |
Phase 4
13 May |
Phase 5
20 May |
Phase 6
25 May |
Phase 7
1 June | ||||||||||
| Seats | Turnout (%) | Seats | Turnout (%) | Seats | Turnout (%) | Seats | Turnout (%) | Seats | Turnout (%) | Seats | Turnout (%) | Seats | Turnout (%) | Seats | Turnout (%) | |
| Andhra Pradesh | 25 | 81.86  |
N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | 25 | 81.86 | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a |
| Arunachal Pradesh | 2 | 77.68 |
2 | 77.68 | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a |
| Assam | 14 | 81.62 |
5 | 78.25 | 5 | 81.17 | 4 | 85.45 | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a |
| Bihar | 40 | 56.19 |
4 | 49.26 | 5 | 59.45 | 5 | 59.14 | 5 | 58.21 | 5 | 56.76 | 8 | 57.18 | 8 | 53.29 |
| Chhattisgarh | 11 | 72.17 |
1 | 68.29 | 3 | 76.24 | 7 | 71.98 | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a |
| Goa | 2 | 76.06 |
N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | 2 | 76.06 | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a |
| Gujarat | 26 | 60.13 |
N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | 25 | 60.13 | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a |
| Haryana | 10 | 64.80 |
N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | 10 | 64.80 | N/a | N/a |
| Himachal Pradesh | 4 | 70.90 |
N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | 4 | 70.90 |
| Jharkhand | 14 | 66.19 |
N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | 4 | 66.01 | 3 | 63.21 | 4 | 65.39 | 3 | 70.88 |
| Karnataka | 28 | 70.64 |
N/a | N/a | 14 | 69.56 | 14 | 71.84 | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a |
| Kerala | 20 | 71.27 |
N/a | N/a | 20 | 71.27 | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a |
| Madhya Pradesh | 29 | 66.87 |
6 | 67.75 | 6 | 58.59 | 9 | 66.74 | 8 | 72.05 | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a |
| Maharashtra | 48 | 61.29 |
5 | 63.71 | 8 | 62.71 | 11 | 63.55 | 11 | 62.21 | 13 | 56.89 | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a |
| Manipur | 2 | 80.47 |
1+1⁄2 | 76.10 | 1⁄2 | 84.85 | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a |
| Meghalaya | 2 | 76.60 |
2 | 76.60 | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a |
| Mizoram | 1 | 56.87 |
1 | 56.87 | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a |
| Nagaland | 1 | 57.72 |
1 | 57.72 | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a |
| Odisha | 21 | 74.51 |
N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | 4 | 75.68 | 5 | 73.50 | 6 | 74.45 | 6 | 74.41 |
| Punjab | 13 | 62.80 |
N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | 13 | 62.80 |
| Rajasthan | 25 | 61.34 |
12 | 57.65 | 13 | 65.03 | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a |
| Sikkim | 1 | 79.88 |
1 | 79.88 | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a |
| Tamil Nadu | 39 | 69.72 |
39 | 69.72 | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a |
| Telangana | 17 | 65.67 |
N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | 17 | 65.67 | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a |
| Tripura | 2 | 80.92 |
1 | 81.48 | 1 | 80.36 | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a |
| Uttar Pradesh | 80 | 56.92 |
8 | 61.11 | 8 | 55.19 | 10 | 57.55 | 13 | 58.22 | 14 | 58.02 | 14 | 54.04 | 13 | 55.85 |
| Uttarakhand | 5 | 57.22 |
5 | 57.22 | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a |
| West Bengal | 42 | 79.29 |
3 | 81.91 | 3 | 76.58 | 4 | 77.53 | 8 | 80.22 | 7 | 78.45 | 8 | 82.71 | 9 | 76.80 |
| Andaman and Nicobar Islands | 1 | 64.10 |
1 | 64.10 | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a |
| Chandigarh | 1 | 67.98 |
N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | 1 | 67.98 |
| Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu | 2 | 71.31 |
N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | 2 | 71.31 | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a |
| Delhi | 7 | 58.69 |
N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | 7 | 58.69 | N/a | N/a |
| Jammu and Kashmir | 5 | 58.58 |
1 | 68.27 | 1 | 72.22 | N/a | N/a | 1 | 38.49 | 1 | 59.10 | 1 | 55.40 | N/a | N/a |
| Ladakh | 1 | 71.82 |
N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | 1 | 71.82 | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a |
| Lakshadweep | 1 | 84.16 |
1 | 84.16 | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a |
| Puducherry | 1 | 78.90 |
1 | 78.90 | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a |
| Total | 543 | 66.33 |
101+1⁄2 | 66.14 | 87+1⁄2 | 66.71 | 93 | 65.68 | 96 | 69.16 | 49 | 62.20 | 58 | 63.37 | 57 | 63.88 |
Turnout
| State/UT | Total electors[305] | Total voters | Total turnout | Total seats |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Andaman & Nicobar Islands (UT) | 315,745 | 202,597 | 64.16% | 1 |
| Andhra Pradesh | 41,401,887 | 33,858,957 | 81.78% | 25 |
| Arunachal Pradesh | 898,442 | 728,393 | 81.07% | 2 |
| Assam | 24,572,114 | 20,118,166 | 81.87% | 14 |
| Bihar | 77,259,579 | 43,480,859 | 56.28% | 40 |
| Chandigarh (UT) | 660,552 | 449,383 | 68.03% | 1 |
| Chhattisgarh | 20,678,667 | 15,083,307 | 72.94% | 11 |
| Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Daman & Diu (UT) | 417,236 | 298,073 | 71.44% | 2 |
| Goa | 1,179,644 | 908,178 | 76.99% | 2 |
| Gujarat | 48,009,945 | 29,161,987 | 60.74% | 26 |
| Haryana | 20,187,911 | 13,075,630 | 64.77% | 10 |
| Himachal Pradesh | 5,711,969 | 4,081,076 | 71.45% | 4 |
| Jammu & Kashmir | 8,802,348 | 5,162,866 | 58.65% | 5 |
| Jharkhand | 25,877,892 | 17,279,192 | 66.77% | 14 |
| Karnataka | 54,772,332 | 38,835,377 | 70.90% | 28 |
| Kerala | 27,807,008 | 20,033,258 | 72.04% | 20 |
| Ladakh (UT) | 190,576 | 135,662 | 71.19% | 1 |
| Lakshadweep (UT) | 57,953 | 49,247 | 84.98% | 1 |
| Madhya Pradesh | 56,668,852 | 37,972,368 | 67.01% | 29 |
| Maharashtra | 93,061,760 | 57,248,402 | 61.52% | 48 |
| Manipur | 2,051,357 | 1,605,769 | 78.28% | 2 |
| Meghalaya | 2,230,451 | 1,715,027 | 76.89% | 2 |
| Mizoram | 861,327 | 491,828 | 57.10% | 1 |
| Nagaland | 1,325,383 | 766,573 | 57.84% | 1 |
| NCT of Delhi | 15,214,638 | 8,943,585 | 58.78% | 7 |
| Odisha | 33,716,965 | 25,214,359 | 74.78% | 21 |
| Puducherry (UT) | 1,024,024 | 811,432 | 79.24% | 1 |
| Punjab | 21,567,196 | 13,542,849 | 62.79% | 13 |
| Rajasthan | 53,508,010 | 33,211,938 | 62.07% | 25 |
| Sikkim | 466,643 | 388,507 | 83.26% | 1 |
| Tamil Nadu | 62,404,947 | 43,769,106 | 70.14% | 39 |
| Telangana | 33,232,318 | 22,031,832 | 66.30% | 17 |
| Tripura | 2,870,896 | 2,348,827 | 81.82% | 2 |
| Uttar Pradesh | 154,403,112 | 87,997,543 | 56.99% | 80 |
| Uttarakhand | 8,431,101 | 4,864,181 | 57.69% | 5 |
| West Bengal | 76,124,780 | 60,554,535 | 79.55% | 42 |
| India | 977,965,560 | 646,420,869 | 66.10% | 543 |
Results
| 293 | 234 | 16 |
| NDA | INDIA | Others |
Following the first round, the BJP won its first seat after Mukesh Dalal, its candidate for Surat constituency in Gujarat, was elected unopposed following rejection and withdrawal of other candidates.[306][307] No voting was held in the constituency, as the ECI had certified the results two weeks prior due to the absence of rival candidates.[308]
The overall election result was described in several media sources as a "shock" to Narendra Modi,[309][310] with the BJP falling short of its expectations of winning 400 seats.[311] Though pre-poll predictions were for an overwhelming majority for the BJP, the INDIA bloc performed much better than exit polls had predicted it to,[312] with upset victories in major states such as Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, and West Bengal.[313] The BJP had to rely on the 28 cumulative seats won by the Andhra Pradesh-based Telugu Desam Party led by Chandrababu Naidu and the Bihar-based Janata Dal (United) led by Nitish Kumar in order for the NDA to retain its majority in the Lok Sabha.[314][315][316]
By alliance and party
  Results by party (left) and alliance (right) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party or alliance | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | |||
| NDA | Bharatiya Janata Party | 235,974,144 | 36.56 | 240 | –63 | ||
| Telugu Desam Party | 12,775,270 | 1.98 | 16 | +13 | |||
| Janata Dal (United) | 8,039,663 | 1.25 | 12 | –4 | |||
| Shiv Sena (2022–present) | 7,401,447 | 1.15 | 7 | –11 | |||
| Lok Janshakti Party (Ram Vilas) | 2,810,250 | 0.44 | 5 | +5 | |||
| Janata Dal (Secular) | 2,173,701 | 0.34 | 2 | +1 | |||
| Nationalist Congress Party | 2,059,179 | 0.32 | 1 | –4 | |||
| Pattali Makkal Katchi | 1,879,689 | 0.29 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Jana Sena Party | 1,454,138 | 0.23 | 2 | +2 | |||
| Asom Gana Parishad | 1,298,707 | 0.20 | 1 | +1 | |||
| Rashtriya Lok Dal | 893,460 | 0.14 | 2 | +2 | |||
| Apna Dal (Soneylal) | 808,245 | 0.13 | 1 | –1 | |||
| Bharath Dharma Jana Sena | 505,753 | 0.08 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Hindustani Awam Morcha | 494,960 | 0.08 | 1 | +1 | |||
| United People's Party Liberal | 488,995 | 0.08 | 1 | +1 | |||
| Rashtriya Samaj Paksha | 521,746 | 0.08 | 0 | 0 | |||
| All Jharkhand Students Union | 458,677 | 0.07 | 1 | 0 | |||
| National People's Party | 417,930 | 0.06 | 0 | –1 | |||
| Tamil Maanila Congress | 410,401 | 0.06 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Amma Makkal Munnettra Kazhagam | 393,415 | 0.06 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Nationalist Democratic Progressive Party | 350,967 | 0.05 | 0 | –1 | |||
| Suheldev Bharatiya Samaj Party | 340,188 | 0.05 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Naga People's Front | 299,536 | 0.05 | 0 | –1 | |||
| Rashtriya Lok Morcha | 253,876 | 0.04 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Sikkim Krantikari Morcha | 164,396 | 0.03 | 1 | +1 | |||
| Total | 282,668,733 | 43.80 | 293 | –60 | |||
| INDIA | Indian National Congress | 136,758,952 | 21.19 | 99 | +47 | ||
| Samajwadi Party | 29,549,389 | 4.58 | 37 | +32 | |||
| All India Trinamool Congress | 28,213,393 | 4.37 | 29 | +7 | |||
| Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | 11,754,710 | 1.82 | 22 | –2 | |||
| Communist Party of India (Marxist) | 11,342,553 | 1.76 | 4 | +1 | |||
| Rashtriya Janata Dal | 10,107,402 | 1.57 | 4 | +4 | |||
| Shiv Sena (Uddhav Balasaheb Thackeray) | 9,567,779 | 1.48 | 9 | +9 | |||
| Aam Aadmi Party | 7,147,800 | 1.11 | 3 | +2 | |||
| Nationalist Congress Party – Sharadchandra Pawar | 5,921,162 | 0.92 | 8 | +8 | |||
| Communist Party of India | 3,157,184 | 0.49 | 2 | 0 | |||
| Jharkhand Mukti Morcha | 2,652,955 | 0.41 | 3 | +2 | |||
| Indian Union Muslim League | 1,716,186 | 0.27 | 3 | 0 | |||
| Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation | 1,736,761 | 0.27 | 2 | +2 | |||
| Bharat Adivasi Party | 1,257,056 | 0.19 | 1 | +1 | |||
| Vikassheel Insaan Party | 1,187,455 | 0.18 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Jammu and Kashmir National Conference | 1,147,041 | 0.18 | 2 | –1 | |||
| Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi | 990,237 | 0.15 | 2 | +1 | |||
| Rashtriya Loktantrik Party | 596,955 | 0.09 | 1 | 0 | |||
| Revolutionary Socialist Party | 587,363 | 0.09 | 1 | 0 | |||
| Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | 542,213 | 0.08 | 1 | +1 | |||
| Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party | 435,980 | 0.07 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Assam Jatiya Parishad | 414,441 | 0.06 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Kerala Congress | 364,631 | 0.06 | 1 | 0 | |||
| All India Forward Bloc | 284,269 | 0.04 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Kerala Congress (Mani) | 277,365 | 0.04 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Total | 267,711,232 | 41.48 | 234 | +143 | |||
| Naam Tamilar Katchi | 3,600,088 | 0.56 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Vanchit Bahujan Aaghadi | 1,582,855 | 0.25 | 0 | 0 | |||
| YSR Congress Party | 13,316,134 | 2.06 | 4 | –18 | |||
| Bahujan Samaj Party | 13,153,830 | 2.04 | 0 | –10 | |||
| Biju Janata Dal | 9,412,674 | 1.46 | 0 | –12 | |||
| All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | 8,952,587 | 1.39 | 0 | –1 | |||
| Bharat Rashtra Samithi | 3,657,237 | 0.57 | 0 | –9 | |||
| Shiromani Akali Dal | 1,814,318 | 0.28 | 1 | –1 | |||
| All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen | 1,400,215 | 0.22 | 1 | –1 | |||
| Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam | 1,128,616 | 0.17 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Bodoland People's Front | 777,570 | 0.12 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Aazad Samaj Party (Kanshi Ram) | 691,820 | 0.11 | 1 | +1 | |||
| Indian Secular Front | 650,229 | 0.10 | 0 | 0 | |||
| All India United Democratic Front | 625,954 | 0.10 | 0 | –1 | |||
| Voice of the People Party | 571,078 | 0.09 | 1 | +1 | |||
| Shiromani Akali Dal (Amritsar) | 521,749 | 0.08 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist) | 480,987 | 0.07 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Gondwana Ganatantra Party | 312,997 | 0.05 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Bahujan Vikas Aaghadi | 254,517 | 0.04 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Peoples Party of India (Democratic) | 247,985 | 0.04 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Indian National Lok Dal | 226,975 | 0.04 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Zoram People's Movement | 208,552 | 0.03 | 1 | +1 | |||
| Jammu and Kashmir Apni Party | 208,149 | 0.03 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Swabhimani Paksha | 185,371 | 0.03 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Gana Suraksha Party | 180,000 | 0.03 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Jammu and Kashmir People's Conference | 174,890 | 0.03 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Rashtriya Jansambhavna Party | 168,740 | 0.03 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Republican Party of India (Athawale) | 156,302 | 0.02 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Twenty 20 Party | 145,450 | 0.02 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Mizo National Front | 140,264 | 0.02 | 0 | –1 | |||
| Ambedkarite Party of India | 132,444 | 0.02 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Bhartiya Shakti Chetna Party | 115,024 | 0.02 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Jannayak Janta Party | 113,827 | 0.02 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Akhil Bhartiya Parivar Party | 110,212 | 0.02 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Alliance of Democratic Reforms Party | 108,334 | 0.02 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Prahar Janshakti Party | 90,759 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Citizen Action Party – Sikkim | 83,566 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | |||
| New Rashtriya Samaj Party | 83,046 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Bharatheeya Jawan Kisan Party | 78,104 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Sikkim Democratic Front | 77,171 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Bahujan Maha Party | 76,254 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Viro Ke Vir Indian Party | 75,950 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Bahujan Mukti Party | 73,935 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Samata Party | 73,318 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Navarang Congress Party | 67,432 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Samnak Janta Party | 67,374 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Revolutionary Goans Party | 64,629 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Voters Party International | 63,496 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Lokhit Adhikar Party | 62,136 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Moolniwasi Samaj Party | 61,033 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Ekam Sanatan Bharat Dal | 61,024 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Right to Recall Party | 58,024 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Rashtriya Shoshit Samaj Party | 53,911 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Bhagidari Party (P) | 51,979 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Karnataka Rashtra Samithi | 51,529 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Sardar Patel Siddhant Party | 46,145 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Republican Party of India (A) | 45,567 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | |||
| United Democratic Party (Meghalaya) | 44,563 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Social Democratic Party of India | 42,465 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Hamar Raj Party | 40,746 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Democratic Progressive Azad Party | 40,665 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Uttama Prajaakeeya Party | 40,491 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Indian Peoples Green Party | 39,778 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Apna Dal (Kamerawadi) | 39,128 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Dharma Samaj Party | 38,730 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Peace Party of India | 38,506 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Baliraja Party | 33,787 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Bahujan Bharat Party | 32,870 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Rashtra Uday Party | 30,073 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Bahujan Republican Socialist Party | 29,619 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Aadarsh Mithila Party | 29,550 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Samaj Shakti Party | 29,235 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Rashtriya Samanta Dal | 28,340 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Bharatiya Nyay-Adhikar Raksha Party | 28,192 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Bharatiya Yuva Jan Ekta Party | 27,969 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Pyramid Party of India | 27,966 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Bharatiya Gana Parishad | 27,554 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Abhinav Rajasthan Party | 26,294 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Bharatiya Praja Aikyata Party | 26,271 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Moulik Adhikar Party | 25,490 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Bhim Sena | 25,345 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Sanyukt Kisan Vikas Party | 25,291 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Prabuddha Republican Party | 24,361 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Bhartiya Sarthak Party | 23,640 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Jammu and Kashmir National Panthers Party (Bhim) | 23,268 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | |||
| 608 other parties | 2,876,122 | 0.45 | 0 | –2 | |||
| Independents | 17,850,062 | 2.77 | 7 | –1 | |||
| None of the above | 6,371,839 | 0.99 | – | – | |||
| Total | 645,362,531 | 100.00 | 543 | 0 | |||
| Valid votes | 645,362,531 | 99.84 | |||||
| Invalid/blank votes | 1,058,338 | 0.16 | |||||
| Total votes | 646,420,869 | 100.00 | |||||
| Registered voters/turnout | 977,965,560 | 66.10 | |||||
| Source: ECI | |||||||
By region
| Region | Seats | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NDA | INDIA | OTH | ||
| North India | 137 | 68 | 67 | 4 |
| West India | 76 | 43 | 32 | 1 |
| Central India | 40 | 39 | 1 | 0 |
| East India | 117 | 71 | 45 | 1 |
| Northeast India | 25 | 16 | 7 | 2 |
| South India | 129 | 49 | 75 | 5 |
| Union Territory | 19 | 11 | 5 | 3 |
| Total | 543 | 293 | 234 | 16 |
By state or union territory
| State/Union Territory | Seats | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NDA | INDIA | OTH | ||
| Andhra Pradesh | 25 | 21 | 0 | 4 |
| Arunachal Pradesh | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| Assam | 14 | 11 | 3 | 0 |
| Bihar | 40 | 30 | 9 | 1 |
| Chhattisgarh | 11 | 10 | 1 | 0 |
| Goa | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Gujarat | 26 | 25 | 1 | 0 |
| Haryana | 10 | 5 | 5 | 0 |
| Himachal Pradesh | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 |
| Jharkhand | 14 | 9 | 5 | 0 |
| Karnataka | 28 | 19 | 9 | 0 |
| Kerala | 20 | 1 | 19 | 0 |
| Madhya Pradesh | 29 | 29 | 0 | 0 |
| Maharashtra | 48 | 17 | 30 | 1 |
| Manipur | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| Meghalaya | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Mizoram | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Nagaland | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Odisha | 21 | 20 | 1 | 0 |
| Punjab | 13 | 0 | 10 | 3 |
| Rajasthan | 25 | 14 | 11 | 0 |
| Sikkim | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Tamil Nadu | 39 | 0 | 39 | 0 |
| Telangana | 17 | 8 | 8 | 1 |
| Tripura | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| Uttar Pradesh | 80 | 36 | 43 | 1 |
| Uttarakhand | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
| West Bengal | 42 | 12 | 30 | 0 |
| A & N Islands | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Chandigarh | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| D & N Haveli and D & D | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Delhi | 7 | 7 | 0 | 0 |
| Jammu and Kashmir | 5 | 2 | 2 | 1 |
| Ladakh | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Lakshadweep | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Puducherry | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Total | 543 | 293 | 234 | 16 |
Seat composition
| Response category | NDA | INDIA | Others |
|---|---|---|---|
| Seats by locality | |||
| Urban | 39 | 15 | 1 |
| Semi-Urban and Rural | 254 | 219 | 15 |
| Seats by reservation | |||
| SC | 40 | 43 | 1 |
| ST | 26 | 17 | 4 |
| Unreserved | 227 | 174 | 11 |
| Seats by literacy of constituency | |||
| Non-literate | 51 | 61 | 5 |
| Primary school | 64 | 56 | 6 |
| Matric / High school | 112 | 98 | 13 |
| Graduate and above | 66 | 19 | 7 |
Results by constituency
| State/UT | Constituency | Winner | Runner-up | Margin | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | Name | Candidate | Party | Votes | % | Candidate | Party | Votes | % | ||||
| AP | 1 | Araku | Gumma Thanuja Rani | YSRCP | 477,005 | 42.82 | Kothapalli Geetha | BJP | 426,425 | 38.28 | 50,580 | ||
| 2 | Srikakulam | Kinjarapu Rammohan Naidu | TDP | 754,328 | 62.29 | Tilak Perada | YSRCP | 426,427 | 35.21 | 327,901 | |||
| 3 | Vizianagaram | Appalanaidu Kalisetti | TDP | 743,113 | 58.24 | Bellana Chandrasekhar | YSRCP | 493,762 | 38.70 | 249,351 | |||
| 4 | Visakhapatnam | Sribharat Mathukumili | TDP | 907,467 | 65.42 | Botsa Jhansi Lakshmi | YSRCP | 403,220 | 29.07 | 504,247 | |||
| 5 | Anakapalli | C. M. Ramesh | BJP | 762,069 | 57.50 | Budi Mutyala Naidu | YSRCP | 465,539 | 35.13 | 296,530 | |||
| 6 | Kakinada | Tangella Uday Srinivas | JnP | 729,699 | 54.87 | Chalamalasetti Sunil | YSRCP | 500,208 | 37.62 | 229,491 | |||
| 7 | Amalapuram | G M Harish | TDP | 796,981 | 61.25 | Rapaka Varaprasada Rao | YSRCP | 454,785 | 34.95 | 342,196 | |||
| 8 | Rajahmundry | Daggubati Purandeshwari | BJP | 726,515 | 54.82 | Guduri Srinivas | YSRCP | 487,376 | 36.77 | 239,139 | |||
| 9 | Narsapuram | Bhupathi Raju Srinivasa Varma | BJP | 707,343 | 57.46 | Guduri Umabala | YSRCP | 430,541 | 34.98 | 276,802 | |||
| 10 | Eluru | Putta Mahesh Kumar | TDP | 746,351 | 54.00 | Karumuri Sunilkumar Yadav | YSRCP | 564,494 | 40.84 | 181,857 | |||
| 11 | Machilipatnam | Balashowry Vallabhaneni | JnP | 724,439 | 55.22 | Simhadri Chandra Sekhar Rao | YSRCP | 501,260 | 38.21 | 223,179 | |||
| 12 | Vijayawada | Kesineni Sivanath | TDP | 794,154 | 58.21 | Kesineni Srinivas | YSRCP | 512,069 | 37.53 | 282,085 | |||
| 13 | Guntur | Chandra Sekhar Pemmasani | TDP | 864,948 | 60.68 | Kilari Venkata Rosaiah | YSRCP | 520,253 | 36.50 | 344,695 | |||
| 14 | Narasaraopet | Lavu Srikrishna Devarayalu | TDP | 807,996 | 53.88 | Anilkumar Yadav Poluboina | YSRCP | 648,267 | 43.23 | 159,729 | |||
| 15 | Bapatla | Krishna Prasad Tenneti | TDP | 717,493 | 55.16 | Nandigam Suresh | YSRCP | 509,462 | 39.17 | 208,031 | |||
| 16 | Ongole | Magunta Sreenivasulu Reddy | TDP | 701,894 | 49.35 | Chevireddy Bhaskar Reddy | YSRCP | 651,695 | 45.82 | 50,199 | |||
| 17 | Nandyal | Byreddy Shabari | TDP | 701,131 | 49.92 | Pocha Brahmananda Reddy | YSRCP | 589,156 | 41.95 | 111,975 | |||
| 18 | Kurnool | Bastipati Nagaraju Panchalingala | TDP | 658,914 | 49.51 | B. Y. Ramaiah | YSRCP | 547,616 | 41.15 | 111,298 | |||
| 19 | Anantapur | G. Lakshminarayana | TDP | 768,245 | 53.33 | Malagundla Sankaranarayana | YSRCP | 579,690 | 40.24 | 188,555 | |||
| 20 | Hindupur | B. K. Parthasarathi | TDP | 725,534 | 51.23 | J. Shantha | YSRCP | 593,107 | 41.88 | 132,427 | |||
| 21 | Kadapa | Y. S. Avinash Reddy | YSRCP | 605,143 | 45.78 | Chadipiralla Bhupesh Reddy | TDP | 542,448 | 41.03 | 62,695 | |||
| 22 | Nellore | Vemireddy Prabhakar Reddy | TDP | 766,202 | 55.70 | V. Vijayasai Reddy | YSRCP | 520,300 | 37.82 | 245,902 | |||
| 23 | Tirupati | Maddila Gurumoorthy | YSRCP | 632,228 | 46.00 | Velagapalli Varaprasad Rao | BJP | 617,659 | 44.67 | 14,569 | |||
| 24 | Rajampet | P. V. Midhun Reddy | YSRCP | 644,844 | 48.38 | Nallari Kiran Kumar Reddy | BJP | 568,773 | 42.67 | 76,071 | |||
| 25 | Chittoor | Daggumalla Prasada Rao | TDP | 778,071 | 54.84 | N. Reddeppa | YSRCP | 557,592 | 39.30 | 220,479 | |||
| AR | 1 | Arunachal West | Kiren Rijiju | BJP | 205,417 | 51.68 | Nabam Tuki | INC | 104,679 | 26.33 | 100,738 | ||
| 2 | Arunachal East | Tapir Gao | BJP | 145,581 | 45.70 | Bosiram Siram | INC | 115,160 | 36.15 | 30,421 | |||
| AS | 1 | Kokrajhar | Joyanta Basumatary | UPPL | 488,995 | 39.83 | Kampa Borgoyari | BOPF | 437,412 | 35.63 | 51,583 | ||
| 2 | Dhubri | Rakibul Hussain | INC | 1,471,885 | 60.36 | Mohammed Badruddin Ajmal | AIUDF | 459,409 | 18.84 | 1,012,476 | |||
| 3 | Barpeta | Phani Bhusan Choudhury | AGP | 860,113 | 51.54 | Deep Bayan | INC | 637,762 | 38.22 | 222,351 | |||
| 4 | Darrang-Udalguri | Dilip Saikia | BJP | 868,387 | 48.57 | Madhab Rajbangshi | INC | 539,375 | 30.17 | 329,012 | |||
| 5 | Guwahati | Bijuli Kalita Medhi | BJP | 894,887 | 56.67 | Mira Borthakur Goswami | INC | 643,797 | 40.77 | 251,090 | |||
| 6 | Diphu | Amarsing Tisso | BJP | 334,620 | 50.20 | J. I. Kathar | IND | 187,017 | 28.06 | 147,603 | |||
| 7 | Karimganj | Kripanath Mallah | BJP | 545,093 | 47.65 | Hafiz Rashid Ahmed Choudhury | INC | 526,733 | 46.05 | 18,360 | |||
| 8 | Silchar | Parimal Suklabaidya | BJP | 652,405 | 60.59 | Surya Kanta Sarkar | INC | 388,094 | 36.04 | 264,311 | |||
| 9 | Nagaon | Pradyut Bordoloi | INC | 788,850 | 51.29 | Suresh Borah | BJP | 576,619 | 37.49 | 212,231 | |||
| 10 | Kaziranga | Kamakhya Prasad Tasa | BJP | 897,043 | 55.87 | Roselina Tirkey | INC | 648,096 | 40.37 | 248,947 | |||
| 11 | Sonitpur | Ranjit Dutta | BJP | 775,788 | 61.10 | Premlal Ganju | INC | 414,380 | 32.64 | 361,408 | |||
| 12 | Lakhimpur | Pradan Baruah | BJP | 663,122 | 55.52 | Uday Shankar Hazarika | INC | 461,865 | 38.67 | 201,257 | |||
| 13 | Dibrugarh | Sarbananda Sonowal | BJP | 693,762 | 55.68 | Lurinjyoti Gogoi | AJP | 414,441 | 33.26 | 279,321 | |||
| 14 | Jorhat | Gaurav Gogoi | INC | 751,771 | 54.61 | Topon Kumar Gogoi | BJP | 607,378 | 44.12 | 144,393 | |||
| BR | 1 | Valmiki Nagar | Sunil Kumar | JD(U) | 523,422 | 48.87 | Deepak Yadav | RJD | 424,747 | 39.65 | 98,675 | ||
| 2 | Paschim Champaran | Dr. Sanjay Jaiswal | BJP | 580,421 | 53.99 | Madan Mohan Tiwari | INC | 443,853 | 41.29 | 136,568 | |||
| 3 | Purvi Champaran | Radha Mohan Singh | BJP | 542,193 | 51.45 | Dr Rajesh Kumar | VIP | 453,906 | 43.07 | 88,287 | |||
| 4 | Sheohar | Lovely Anand | JD(U) | 476,612 | 46.48 | Ritu Jaiswal | RJD | 447,469 | 43.64 | 29,143 | |||
| 5 | Sitamarhi | Devesh Chandra Thakur | JD(U) | 515,719 | 48.57 | Arjun Ray | RJD | 464,363 | 43.73 | 51,356 | |||
| 6 | Madhubani | Ashok Kumar Yadav | BJP | 553,428 | 54.96 | Md Ali Ashraf Fatmi | RJD | 401,483 | 39.87 | 151,945 | |||
| 7 | Jhanjharpur | Ramprit Mandal | JD(U) | 533,032 | 50.39 | Suman Kumar Mahaseth | VIP | 348,863 | 32.98 | 184,169 | |||
| 8 | Supaul | Dileshwar Kamait | JD(U) | 595,038 | 49.08 | Chandrahas Chaupal | RJD | 425,235 | 35.07 | 169,803 | |||
| 9 | Araria | Pradeep Kumar Singh | BJP | 600,146 | 48.44 | Shahnawaz | RJD | 580,052 | 46.81 | 20,094 | |||
| 10 | Kishanganj | Mohammad Jawed | INC | 402,850 | 35.77 | Mujahid Alam | JD(U) | 343,158 | 30.47 | 59,692 | |||
| 11 | Katihar | Tariq Anwar | INC | 567,092 | 49.37 | Dulal Chandra Goswami | JD(U) | 517,229 | 45.03 | 49,863 | |||
| 12 | Purnia | Pappu Yadav | IND | 567,556 | 48.43 | Santosh Kumar | JD(U) | 543,709 | 46.39 | 23,847 | |||
| 13 | Madhepura | Dinesh Chandra Yadav | JD(U) | 640,649 | 54.43 | Da Kumar Chandradeep | RJD | 466,115 | 39.60 | 174,534 | |||
| 14 | Darbhanga | Gopal Jee Thakur | BJP | 566,630 | 56.65 | Lalit Kumar Yadav | RJD | 388,474 | 38.84 | 178,156 | |||
| 15 | Muzaffarpur | Raj Bhushan Choudhary | BJP | 619,749 | 56.09 | Ajay Nishad | INC | 384,822 | 34.83 | 234,927 | |||
| 16 | Vaishali | Veena Devi | LJPRV | 567,043 | 49.54 | Vijay Kumar Shukla | RJD | 477,409 | 41.71 | 89,634 | |||
| 17 | Gopalganj | Dr. Alok Kumar Suman | JD(U) | 511,866 | 50.17 | Chanchal Paswan | VIP | 384,686 | 37.71 | 127,180 | |||
| 18 | Siwan | Vijaylakshmi Devi | JD(U) | 386,508 | 39.80 | Hena Shahab | IND | 293,651 | 30.24 | 92,857 | |||
| 19 | Maharajganj | Janardan Singh Sigriwal | BJP | 529,533 | 53.36 | Aakash Kumar Singh | INC | 426,882 | 43.01 | 102,651 | |||
| 20 | Saran | Rajiv Pratap Rudy | BJP | 471,752 | 46.70 | Rohini Acharya | RJD | 458,091 | 45.35 | 13,661 | |||
| 21 | Hajipur | Chirag Paswan | LJPRV | 615,718 | 55.05 | Shiv Chandra Ram | RJD | 445,613 | 39.84 | 170,105 | |||
| 22 | Ujiarpur | Nityanand Rai | BJP | 515,965 | 50.64 | Alok Kumar Mehta | RJD | 455,863 | 44.75 | 60,102 | |||
| 23 | Samastipur | Shambhavi | LJPRV | 579,786 | 54.60 | Sunny Hazari | INC | 392,535 | 36.96 | 187,251 | |||
| 24 | Begusarai | Giriraj Singh | BJP | 649,331 | 51.04 | Abdhesh Kumar Roy | CPI | 567,851 | 44.63 | 81,480 | |||
| 25 | Khagaria | Rajesh Verma | LJPRV | 538,657 | 52.26 | Sanjay Kumar | CPI(M) | 377,526 | 36.63 | 161,131 | |||
| 26 | Bhagalpur | Ajay Kumar Mandal | JD(U) | 536,031 | 51.93 | Ajeet Sharma | INC | 431,163 | 41.77 | 104,868 | |||
| 27 | Banka | Giridhari Yadav | JD(U) | 506,678 | 51.74 | Jai Prakash Narayan Yadav | RJD | 402,834 | 41.14 | 103,844 | |||
| 28 | Munger | Lalan Singh | JD(U) | 550,146 | 49.25 | Kumari Anita | RJD | 469,276 | 42.01 | 80,870 | |||
| 29 | Nalanda | Kaushalendra Kumar | JD(U) | 559,422 | 49.72 | Dr. Sandeep Saurav | CPI(ML)L | 390,308 | 34.69 | 169,114 | |||
| 30 | Patna Sahib | Ravi Shankar Prasad | BJP | 588,270 | 54.98 | Anshul Avijit | INC | 434,424 | 40.60 | 153,846 | |||
| 31 | Patliputra | Misha Bharti | RJD | 613,283 | 50.08 | Ram Kripal Yadav | BJP | 528,109 | 43.13 | 85,174 | |||
| 32 | Arrah | Sudama Prasad | CPI(ML)L | 529,382 | 49.04 | R. K. Singh | BJP | 469,574 | 43.50 | 59,808 | |||
| 33 | Buxar | Sudhakar Singh | RJD | 438,345 | 41.19 | Mithilesh Tiwari | BJP | 408,254 | 38.36 | 30,091 | |||
| 34 | Sasaram | Manoj Kumar | INC | 513,004 | 47.51 | Shivesh Kumar | BJP | 493,847 | 45.73 | 19,157 | |||
| 35 | Karakat | Raja Ram Singh | CPI(ML)L | 380,581 | 37.68 | Pawan Singh | IND | 274,723 | 27.20 | 105,858 | |||
| 36 | Jahanabad | Surendra Prasad Yadav | RJD | 443,035 | 48.46 | Chandeshwar Prasad | JD(U) | 300,444 | 32.86 | 142,591 | |||
| 37 | Aurangabad | Abhay Kumar Sinha | RJD | 465,567 | 50.43 | Sushil Kumar Singh | BJP | 386,456 | 41.86 | 79,111 | |||
| 38 | Gaya | Jitan Ram Manjhi | HAMS | 494,960 | 52.30 | Kumar Sarvjeet | RJD | 393,148 | 41.54 | 101,812 | |||
| 39 | Nawada | Vivek Thakur | BJP | 410,608 | 47.90 | Shrawan Kumar | RJD | 342,938 | 40.00 | 67,670 | |||
| 40 | Jamui | Arun Bharti | LJPRV | 509,046 | 53.41 | Archana Kumari | RJD | 396,564 | 41.61 | 112,482 | |||
| CG | 1 | Surguja | Chintamani Maharaj | BJP | 713,200 | 49.97 | Shashi Singh Koram | INC | 648,378 | 45.43 | 64,822 | ||
| 2 | Raigarh | Radheshyam Rathiya | BJP | 808,275 | 56.21 | Dr. Menka Devi Singh | INC | 567,884 | 39.49 | 240,391 | |||
| 3 | Janjgir-Champa | Kamlesh Jangde | BJP | 678,199 | 48.89 | Dr. Shivkumar Dahariya | INC | 618,199 | 44.57 | 60,000 | |||
| 4 | Korba | Jyotsna Charandas Mahant | INC | 570,182 | 46.77 | Saroj Pandey | BJP | 526,899 | 43.22 | 43,283 | |||
| 5 | Bilaspur | Tokhan Sahu | BJP | 724,937 | 53.36 | Devendra Yadav | INC | 560,379 | 41.25 | 164,558 | |||
| 6 | Rajnandgaon | Santosh Pandey | BJP | 712,057 | 49.58 | Bhupesh Baghel | INC | 667,646 | 46.49 | 44,411 | |||
| 7 | Durg | Vijay Baghel | BJP | 956,497 | 62.22 | Rajendra Sahu | INC | 518,271 | 33.72 | 438,226 | |||
| 8 | Raipur | Brijmohan Agrawal | BJP | 1,050,351 | 66.38 | Vikas Upadhyay | INC | 475,066 | 30.02 | 575,285 | |||
| 9 | Mahasamund | Roop Kumari Choudhary | BJP | 703,659 | 53.22 | Tamradhwaj Sahu | INC | 558,203 | 42.22 | 145,456 | |||
| 10 | Bastar | Mahesh Kashyap | BJP | 458,398 | 47.23 | Kawasi Lakhma | INC | 403,153 | 41.53 | 55,245 | |||
| 11 | Kanker | Bhojraj Nag | BJP | 597,624 | 47.93 | Biresh Thakur | INC | 595,740 | 47.78 | 1,884 | |||
| GA | 1 | North Goa | Shripad Yesso Naik | BJP | 257,786 | 57.23 | Ramakant Khalap | INC | 141,534 | 31.42 | 116,252 | ||
| 2 | South Goa | Captain Viriato Fernandes | INC | 217,836 | 48.88 | Pallavi Shrinivas Dempo | BJP | 204,301 | 45.84 | 13,535 | |||
| GJ | 1 | Kachchh | Chavda Vinod Lakhamshi | BJP | 659,574 | 61.28 | Nitesh Parbatbhai Lalan | INC | 390,792 | 36.30 | 268,782 | ||
| 2 | Banaskantha | Geniben Nagaji Thakor | INC | 671,883 | 49.63 | Dr. Rekhaben Hiteshbhai Chaudhari | BJP | 641,477 | 47.39 | 30,406 | |||
| 3 | Patan | Dabhi Bharatsinhji Shankarji | BJP | 591,947 | 50.32 | Chandanji Talaji Thakor | INC | 560,071 | 47.61 | 31,876 | |||
| 4 | Mahesana | Haribhai Patel | BJP | 686,406 | 64.44 | Ramji Thakor | INC | 358,360 | 33.64 | 328,046 | |||
| 5 | Sabarkantha | Shobhanaben Mahendrasinh Baraiya | BJP | 677,318 | 54.26 | Chaudhari Tushar Amarsinh | INC | 521,636 | 41.79 | 155,682 | |||
| 6 | Gandhinagar | Amit Shah | BJP | 1,010,972 | 77.78 | Sonal Ramanbhai Patel | INC | 266,256 | 20.48 | 744,716 | |||
| 7 | Ahmedabad East | Hasmukhbhai Patel | BJP | 770,459 | 68.92 | Himmatsinh Prahladsinh Patel | INC | 308,704 | 27.62 | 461,755 | |||
| 8 | Ahmedabad West | Dineshbhai Makwana | BJP | 611,704 | 64.21 | Bharat Yogendra Makwana | INC | 325,267 | 34.14 | 286,437 | |||
| 9 | Surendranagar | Chandubhai Chhaganbhai Shihora | BJP | 669,749 | 59.90 | Rutvikbhai Lavjibhai Makwana | INC | 408,132 | 36.50 | 261,617 | |||
| 10 | Rajkot | Parshottambhai Rupala | BJP | 857,984 | 68.22 | Dhanani Paresh | INC | 373,724 | 29.72 | 484,260 | |||
| 11 | Porbandar | Dr. Mansukh Mandaviya | BJP | 633,514 | 69.16 | Lalit Vasoya | INC | 249,902 | 27.28 | 383,612 | |||
| 12 | Jamnagar | Poonamben Hematbhai Maadam | BJP | 620,049 | 59.61 | Advocate J. P. Maraviya | INC | 382,041 | 36.73 | 238,008 | |||
| 13 | Junagadh | Chudasama Rajeshbhai Naranbhai | BJP | 584,049 | 55.40 | Jotva Hirabhai Arjanbhai | INC | 448,555 | 42.55 | 135,494 | |||
| 14 | Amreli | Bharatbhai Manubhai Sutariya | BJP | 580,872 | 67.15 | Jenny Thummar | INC | 259,804 | 30.03 | 321,068 | |||
| 15 | Bhavnagar | Nimuben Jayantibhai Bambhaniya | BJP | 716,883 | 69.70 | Umeshbhai Naranbhai Makwana | AAP | 261,594 | 25.44 | 455,289 | |||
| 16 | Anand | Mitesh Patel | BJP | 612,484 | 53.17 | Amit Chavda | INC | 522,545 | 45.36 | 89,939 | |||
| 17 | Kheda | Devusinh Chauhan | BJP | 744,435 | 64.34 | Kalusinh Dabhi | INC | 386,677 | 33.42 | 357,758 | |||
| 18 | Panchmahal | Rajpalsinh Mahendrasinh Jadav | BJP | 794,579 | 71.49 | Gulabsinh Somsinh Chauhan | INC | 285,237 | 25.66 | 509,342 | |||
| 19 | Dahod | Jaswantsinh Sumanbhai Bhabhor | BJP | 688,715 | 63.57 | Dr. Prabhaben Taviyad | INC | 355,038 | 32.77 | 333,677 | |||
| 20 | Vadodara | Dr. Hemang Joshi | BJP | 873,189 | 73.15 | Padhiyar Mahendrasinh | INC | 291,063 | 24.38 | 582,126 | |||
| 21 | Chhota Udaipur | Jashubhai Bhilubhai Rathva | BJP | 796,589 | 64.34 | Sukhrambhai Hariyabhai Rathwa | INC | 397,812 | 32.13 | 398,777 | |||
| 22 | Bharuch | Mansukhbhai Dhanjibhai Vasava | BJP | 608,157 | 51.73 | Chaitarbhai Vasava | AAP | 522,461 | 44.44 | 85,696 | |||
| 23 | Bardoli | Parbhubhai Nagarbhai Vasava | BJP | 763,950 | 58.15 | Siddharth Chaudhary | INC | 533,697 | 40.62 | 230,253 | |||
| 24 | Surat | Mukesh Dalal | BJP | Elected unopposed | |||||||||
| 25 | Navsari | C. R. Patil | BJP | 1,031,065 | 78.24 | Naishadhbhai Desai | INC | 257,514 | 19.54 | 773,551 | |||
| 26 | Valsad | Dhaval Laxmanbhai Patel | BJP | 764,226 | 56.90 | Anantkumar Patel | INC | 553,522 | 41.21 | 210,704 | |||
| HR | 1 | Ambala | Varun Chaudhry | INC | 663,657 | 49.52 | Banto Kataria | BJP | 614,621 | 45.86 | 49,036 | ||
| 2 | Kurukshetra | Naveen Jindal | BJP | 542,175 | 45.05 | Dr Sushil Gupta | AAP | 513,154 | 42.64 | 29,021 | |||
| 3 | Sirsa | Selja | INC | 733,823 | 54.34 | Ashok Tanwar | BJP | 465,326 | 34.46 | 268,497 | |||
| 4 | Hisar | Jai Parkash | INC | 570,424 | 48.72 | Ranjit Singh | BJP | 507,043 | 43.31 | 63,381 | |||
| 5 | Karnal | Manohar Lal | BJP | 739,285 | 55.09 | Divyanshu Budhiraja | INC | 506,708 | 37.76 | 232,577 | |||
| 6 | Sonipat | Satpal Brahamchari | INC | 548,682 | 48.92 | Mohan Lal Badoli | BJP | 526,866 | 46.97 | 21,816 | |||
| 7 | Rohtak | Deepender Singh Hooda | INC | 783,578 | 62.88 | Dr. Arvind Kumar Sharma | BJP | 438,280 | 35.17 | 345,298 | |||
| 8 | Bhiwani-Mahendragarh | Dharambir Singh | BJP | 588,664 | 49.97 | Rao Dan Singh | INC | 547,154 | 46.44 | 41,510 | |||
| 9 | Gurgaon | Rao Inderjit Singh | BJP | 808,336 | 50.69 | Raj Babbar | INC | 733,257 | 45.98 | 75,079 | |||
| 10 | Faridabad | Krishan Pal | BJP | 788,569 | 53.85 | Mahender Pratap Singh | INC | 615,655 | 42.04 | 172,914 | |||
| HP | 1 | Kangra | Dr Rajeev Bhardwaj | BJP | 632,793 | 61.41 | Anand Sharma | INC | 380,898 | 36.96 | 251,895 | ||
| 2 | Mandi | Kangna Ranaut | BJP | 537,022 | 53.16 | Vikramaditya Singh | INC | 462,267 | 45.76 | 74,755 | |||
| 3 | Hamirpur | Anurag Singh Thakur | BJP | 607,068 | 58.26 | Satpal Raizada | INC | 424,711 | 40.76 | 182,357 | |||
| 4 | Shimla | Suresh Kumar Kashyap | BJP | 519,748 | 53.91 | Vinod Sultanpuri | INC | 428,297 | 44.43 | 91,451 | |||
| JK | 1 | Baramulla | Abdul Rashid Sheikh | IND | 472,481 | 45.92 | Omar Abdullah | JKN | 268,339 | 26.08 | 204,142 | ||
| 2 | Srinagar | Aga Syed Ruhullah Mehdi | JKN | 356,866 | 53.32 | Waheed Ur Rehman Para | JKPDP | 168,450 | 25.17 | 188,416 | |||
| 3 | Anantnag-Rajouri | Mian Altaf Ahmad | JKN | 521,836 | 51.16 | Mehbooba Mufti | JKPDP | 240,042 | 23.54 | 281,794 | |||
| 4 | Udhampur | Dr. Jitendra Singh | BJP | 571,076 | 51.88 | Ch Lal Singh | INC | 446,703 | 40.58 | 124,373 | |||
| 5 | Jammu | Jugal Kishore | BJP | 687,588 | 52.99 | Raman Bhalla | INC | 552,090 | 42.55 | 135,498 | |||
| JH | 1 | Rajmahal | Vijay Kumar Hansdak | JMM | 613,371 | 51.11 | Tala Marandi | BJP | 435,107 | 36.26 | 178,264 | ||
| 2 | Dumka | Nalin Soren | JMM | 547,370 | 46.40 | Sita Murmu | BJP | 524,843 | 44.49 | 22,527 | |||
| 3 | Godda | Nishikant Dubey | BJP | 693,140 | 49.73 | Pradeep Yadav | INC | 591,327 | 42.42 | 101,813 | |||
| 4 | Chatra | Kali Charan Singh | BJP | 574,556 | 53.30 | Krishna Nand Tripathi | INC | 353,597 | 32.81 | 220,959 | |||
| 5 | Kodarma | Annpurna Devi | BJP | 791,657 | 59.62 | Vinod Kumar Singh | CPI(ML)L | 414,643 | 31.23 | 377,014 | |||
| 6 | Giridih | Chandra Prakash Choudhary | AJSU | 451,139 | 35.84 | Mathura Prasad Mahato | JMM | 370,259 | 29.41 | 80,880 | |||
| 7 | Dhanbad | Dulu Mahato | BJP | 789,172 | 55.55 | Anupama Singh | INC | 457,589 | 32.21 | 331,583 | |||
| 8 | Ranchi | Sanjay Seth | BJP | 664,732 | 46.17 | Yashaswini Sahay | INC | 544,220 | 37.80 | 120,512 | |||
| 9 | Jamshedpur | Bidyut Baran Mahato | BJP | 726,174 | 57.17 | Samir Kumar Mohanty | JMM | 466,392 | 36.72 | 259,782 | |||
| 10 | Singhbhum | Joba Majhi | JMM | 520,164 | 52.88 | Geeta Kora | BJP | 351,762 | 35.76 | 168,402 | |||
| 11 | Khunti | Kali Charan Munda | INC | 511,647 | 55.93 | Arjun Munda | BJP | 361,972 | 39.57 | 149,675 | |||
| 12 | Lohardaga | Sukhdeo Bhagat | INC | 483,038 | 50.54 | Samir Oraon | BJP | 343,900 | 35.98 | 139,138 | |||
| 13 | Palamu | Vishnu Dayal Ram | BJP | 770,362 | 56.38 | Mamta Bhuiyan | RJD | 481,555 | 35.24 | 288,807 | |||
| 14 | Hazaribagh | Manish Jaiswal | BJP | 654,613 | 52.06 | Jai Prakash Bhai Patel | INC | 377,927 | 30.05 | 276,686 | |||
| KA | 1 | Chikkodi | Priyanka Satish Jarkiholi | INC | 713,461 | 51.31 | Annasaheb Shankar Jolle | BJP | 622,627 | 44.78 | 90,834 | ||
| 2 | Belgaum | Jagadish Shettar | BJP | 762,029 | 55.29 | Mrinal R Hebbalkar | INC | 583,592 | 42.35 | 178,437 | |||
| 3 | Bagalkot | P. C. Gaddigoudar | BJP | 671,039 | 51.06 | Samyukta Shivanand Patil | INC | 602,640 | 45.86 | 68,399 | |||
| 4 | Bijapur | Ramesh Jigajinagi | BJP | 672,781 | 52.21 | Raju Alagur. | INC | 595,552 | 46.22 | 77,229 | |||
| 5 | Gulbarga | Radhakrishna | INC | 652,321 | 50.10 | Dr. Umesh G Jadhav | BJP | 625,116 | 48.01 | 27,205 | |||
| 6 | Raichur | G. Kumar Naik | INC | 670,966 | 52.02 | Raja Amareshwara Naik. | BJP | 591,185 | 45.84 | 79,781 | |||
| 7 | Bidar | Sagar Eshwar Khandre | INC | 666,317 | 53.84 | Bhagwanth Khuba | BJP | 537,442 | 43.42 | 128,875 | |||
| 8 | Koppal | K. Rajashekar Basavaraj Hitnal | INC | 663,511 | 50.06 | Dr . Basavaraj. K. Sharanappa | BJP | 617,154 | 46.56 | 46,357 | |||
| 9 | Bellary | E. Tukaram | INC | 730,845 | 52.88 | B. Sreeramulu | BJP | 631,853 | 45.72 | 98,992 | |||
| 10 | Haveri | Basavaraj Bommai | BJP | 705,538 | 50.94 | Anandswamy Gaddadevarmath | INC | 662,025 | 47.80 | 43,513 | |||
| 11 | Dharwad | Pralhad Joshi | BJP | 716,231 | 52.65 | Vinod Asooti | INC | 618,907 | 45.50 | 97,324 | |||
| 12 | Uttara Kannada | Vishweshwar Hegde Kageri | BJP | 782,495 | 62.47 | Dr. Anjali Nimbalkar | INC | 445,067 | 35.53 | 337,428 | |||
| 13 | Davanagere | Dr. Prabha Mallikarjun | INC | 633,059 | 48.06 | Gayithri Siddeshwara | BJP | 606,965 | 46.08 | 26,094 | |||
| 14 | Shimoga | B. Y. Raghavendra | BJP | 778,721 | 56.72 | Geetha Shivarajkumar | INC | 535,006 | 38.97 | 243,715 | |||
| 15 | Udupi Chikmagalur | Kota Srinivas Poojary | BJP | 732,234 | 60.11 | K. Jayaprakash Hegde | INC | 473,059 | 38.83 | 259,175 | |||
| 16 | Hassan | Shreyas. M. Patel | INC | 672,988 | 49.98 | Prajwal Revanna | JD(S) | 630,339 | 46.81 | 42,649 | |||
| 17 | Dakshina Kannada | Captain Brijesh Chowta | BJP | 764,132 | 54.89 | Padmaraj. R. Poojary | INC | 614,924 | 44.17 | 149,208 | |||
| 18 | Chitradurga | Govind Makthappa Karjol | BJP | 684,890 | 50.22 | B. N. Chandrappa | INC | 636,769 | 46.69 | 48,121 | |||
| 19 | Tumkur | V. Somanna | BJP | 720,946 | 55.59 | S. P. Muddahanumegowda | INC | 545,352 | 42.05 | 175,594 | |||
| 20 | Mandya | H. D. Kumaraswamy | JD(S) | 851,881 | 58.65 | Venkataramane Gowda | INC | 567,261 | 39.05 | 284,620 | |||
| 21 | Mysore | Yaduveer Krishnadatta Chamaraja Wadiyar | BJP | 795,503 | 53.75 | M. Lakshmana | INC | 656,241 | 44.34 | 139,262 | |||
| 22 | Chamarajanagar | Sunil Bose | INC | 751,671 | 55.20 | Balaraj. S | BJP | 562,965 | 41.34 | 188,706 | |||
| 23 | Bangalore Rural | Dr. C. N. Manjunath | BJP | 1,079,002 | 56.53 | D. K. Suresh | INC | 809,355 | 42.40 | 269,647 | |||
| 24 | Bangalore North | Shobha Karandlaje | BJP | 986,049 | 56.70 | Professor M. V Rajeev Gowda | INC | 726,573 | 41.78 | 259,476 | |||
| 25 | Bangalore Central | P. C. Mohan | BJP | 658,915 | 50.52 | Mansoor Ali Khan | INC | 626,208 | 48.01 | 32,707 | |||
| 26 | Bangalore South | Tejasvi Surya | BJP | 750,830 | 60.48 | Sowmya Reddy | INC | 473,747 | 38.16 | 277,083 | |||
| 27 | Chikkballapur | Dr. K. Sudhakar | BJP | 822,619 | 53.97 | M. S. Raksha Ramaiah | INC | 659,159 | 43.25 | 163,460 | |||
| 28 | Kolar | M. Mallesh Babu | JD(S) | 691,481 | 51.24 | K V Gowtham | INC | 620,093 | 45.95 | 71,388 | |||
| KL | 1 | Kasaragod | Rajmohan Unnithan | INC | 490,659 | 44.39 | M. V Balakrishnan Master | CPI(M) | 390,010 | 35.28 | 100,649 | ||
| 2 | Kannur | K. Sudhakaran | INC | 518,524 | 49.15 | M. V. Jayarajan | CPI(M) | 409,542 | 38.82 | 108,982 | |||
| 3 | Vadakara | Shafi Parambil | INC | 557,528 | 49.78 | K. K. Shailaja Teacher | CPI(M) | 443,022 | 39.55 | 114,506 | |||
| 4 | Wayanad | Rahul Gandhi | INC | 647,445 | 60.08 | Annie Raja | CPI | 283,023 | 26.26 | 364,422 | |||
| 5 | Kozhikode | M. K. Raghavan | INC | 520,421 | 48.02 | Elamaram Kareem | CPI(M) | 374,245 | 34.53 | 146,176 | |||
| 6 | Malappuram | E. T. Mohammed Basheer | IUML | 644,006 | 59.72 | V. Vaseef | CPI(M) | 343,888 | 31.89 | 300,118 | |||
| 7 | Ponnani | Dr. M. P Abdussamad Samadani | IUML | 562,516 | 55.16 | K. S Hamza | CPI(M) | 326,756 | 32.04 | 235,760 | |||
| 8 | Palakkad | V. K. Sreekandan | INC | 421,169 | 41.01 | A. Vijayaraghavan | CPI(M) | 345,886 | 33.68 | 75,283 | |||
| 9 | Alathur | K. Radhakrishnan | CPI(M) | 403,447 | 41.16 | Ramya Haridas | INC | 383,336 | 39.11 | 20,111 | |||
| 10 | Thrissur | Suresh Gopi | BJP | 412,338 | 38.01 | Adv V S Sunilkumar | CPI | 337,652 | 31.13 | 74,686 | |||
| 11 | Chalakudy | Benny Behanan | INC | 394,171 | 41.79 | Prof C Raveendranath | CPI(M) | 330,417 | 35.03 | 63,754 | |||
| 12 | Ernakulam | Hibi Eden | INC | 482,317 | 53.43 | K. J. Shine Teacher | CPI(M) | 231,932 | 25.69 | 250,385 | |||
| 13 | Idukki | Adv. Dean Kuriakose | INC | 432,372 | 52.02 | Adv. Joice George | CPI(M) | 298,645 | 35.93 | 133,727 | |||
| 14 | Kottayam | Adv K Francis George | KEC(M) | 364,631 | 44.24 | Thomas Chazhikadan | KEC(M) | 277,365 | 33.65 | 87,266 | |||
| 15 | Alappuzha | K. C Venugopal | INC | 404,560 | 38.48 | A. M Ariff | CPI(M) | 341,047 | 32.44 | 63,513 | |||
| 16 | Mavelikkara | Kodikunnil Suresh | INC | 369,516 | 41.75 | Adv Arun Kumar C A | CPI | 358,648 | 40.52 | 10,868 | |||
| 17 | Pathanamthitta | Anto Antony | INC | 367,623 | 40.35 | Thomas Isaac | CPI(M) | 301,504 | 33.09 | 66,119 | |||
| 18 | Kollam | N. K. Premachandran | RSP | 443,628 | 48.80 | M Mukesh | CPI(M) | 293,326 | 32.26 | 150,302 | |||
| 19 | Attingal | Adoor Prakash | INC | 328,051 | 33.63 | Adv V Joy | CPI(M) | 327,367 | 33.56 | 684 | |||
| 20 | Thiruvananthapuram | Shashi Tharoor | INC | 358,155 | 37.45 | Rajeev Chandrasekhar | BJP | 342,078 | 35.77 | 16,077 | |||
| MP | 1 | Morena | Shivmangal Singh Tomar | BJP | 515,477 | 43.60 | Neetu Satyapal Singh Sikarwar | INC | 462,947 | 39.15 | 52,530 | ||
| 2 | Bhind | Sandhya Ray | BJP | 537,065 | 51.52 | Phool Singh Baraiya | INC | 472,225 | 45.30 | 64,840 | |||
| 3 | Gwalior | Bharat Singh Kushwah | BJP | 671,535 | 50.12 | Praveen Pathak | INC | 601,325 | 44.88 | 70,210 | |||
| 4 | Guna | Jyotiraditya M. Scindia | BJP | 923,302 | 67.66 | Yadvendra Rao Deshraj Singh | INC | 382,373 | 28.02 | 540,929 | |||
| 5 | Sagar | Dr. Lata Wankhede | BJP | 787,979 | 68.95 | Chandra Bhusan Singh Bundela | INC | 316,757 | 27.72 | 471,222 | |||
| 6 | Tikamgarh | Dr. Virendra Kumar | BJP | 715,050 | 65.87 | Khuman Urf Pankaj Ahirwar | INC | 311,738 | 28.72 | 403,312 | |||
| 7 | Damoh | Rahul Singh Lodhi | BJP | 709,768 | 65.65 | Tarbar Singh Lodhi | INC | 303,342 | 28.06 | 406,426 | |||
| 8 | Khajuraho | Vishnu Datt Sharma | BJP | 772,774 | 68.73 | Kamlesh Kumar | BSP | 231,545 | 20.59 | 541,229 | |||
| 9 | Satna | Ganesh Singh | BJP | 459,728 | 43.52 | Dabbu Siddharth Kushwaha | INC | 374,779 | 35.48 | 84,949 | |||
| 10 | Rewa | Janardan Mishra | BJP | 477,459 | 52.40 | Neelam Abhay Mishra | INC | 284,085 | 31.18 | 193,374 | |||
| 11 | Sidhi | Dr. Rajesh Mishra | BJP | 583,559 | 51.05 | Kamleshwar Indrajit Kumar | INC | 377,143 | 32.99 | 206,416 | |||
| 12 | Shahdol | Himadri Singh | BJP | 711,143 | 62.79 | Phunde Lal Singh Marko | INC | 313,803 | 27.71 | 397,340 | |||
| 13 | Jabalpur | Ashish Dubey | BJP | 790,133 | 68.50 | Dinesh Yadav | INC | 303,459 | 26.31 | 486,674 | |||
| 14 | Mandla | Faggan Singh Kulaste | BJP | 751,375 | 49.54 | Omkar Singh Markam | INC | 647,529 | 42.69 | 103,846 | |||
| 15 | Balaghat | Bharti Pardhi | BJP | 712,660 | 51.99 | Samrat Ashok Singh Saraswar | INC | 538,148 | 39.26 | 174,512 | |||
| 16 | Chhindwara | Bunty Vivek Sahu | BJP | 644,738 | 49.79 | Nakul Nath | INC | 531,120 | 41.02 | 113,618 | |||
| 17 | Hoshangabad | Darshan Singh Choudhary | BJP | 812,147 | 65.77 | Sanjay Sharma Sanju Bhaiya | INC | 380,451 | 30.81 | 431,696 | |||
| 18 | Vidisha | Shivraj Singh Chouhan | BJP | 1,116,460 | 77.19 | Pratapbhanu Sharma | INC | 295,052 | 20.40 | 821,408 | |||
| 19 | Bhopal | Alok Sharma | BJP | 981,109 | 65.77 | Advocate Arun Shrivastava | INC | 479,610 | 32.15 | 501,499 | |||
| 20 | Rajgarh | Rodmal Nagar | BJP | 758,743 | 53.37 | Digvijaya Singh | INC | 612,654 | 43.09 | 146,089 | |||
| 21 | Dewas | Mahendra Singh Solanky | BJP | 928,941 | 63.68 | Rajendra Radhakishan Malviya | INC | 503,716 | 34.53 | 425,225 | |||
| 22 | Ujjain | Anil Firojiya | BJP | 836,104 | 63.38 | Mahesh Parmar | INC | 460,244 | 34.89 | 375,860 | |||
| 23 | Mandsour | Sudheer Gupta | BJP | 945,761 | 66.52 | Dilip Singh Gurjar | INC | 445,106 | 31.31 | 500,655 | |||
| 24 | Ratlam | Anita Nagarsingh Chouhan | BJP | 795,863 | 53.03 | Kantilal Bhuria | INC | 588,631 | 39.22 | 207,232 | |||
| 25 | Dhar | Savitri Thakur | BJP | 794,449 | 56.37 | Radheshyam Muvel | INC | 575,784 | 40.85 | 218,665 | |||
| 26 | Indore | Shankar Lalwani | BJP | 1,226,751 | 91.32 | NOTA | NOTA | 218,674 | 16.28 | 1,008,077 | |||
| 27 | Khargone | Gajendra Singh Patel | BJP | 819,863 | 53.22 | Porlal Batha Kharte | INC | 684,845 | 44.46 | 135,018 | |||
| 28 | Khandwa | Gyaneshwar Patil | BJP | 862,679 | 57.52 | Narendra Patel | INC | 592,708 | 39.52 | 269,971 | |||
| 29 | Betul | Durgadas Uikey | BJP | 848,236 | 61.66 | Ramu Tekam | INC | 468,475 | 34.05 | 379,761 | |||
| MH | 1 | Nandurbar | Adv Gowaal Kagada Padavi | INC | 745,998 | 54.08 | Dr Heena Vijaykumar Gavit | BJP | 586,878 | 42.54 | 159,120 | ||
| 2 | Dhule | Bachhav Shobha Dinesh | INC | 583,866 | 48.07 | Bhamre Subhash Ramrao | BJP | 580,035 | 47.76 | 3,831 | |||
| 3 | Jalgaon | Smita Uday Wagh | BJP | 674,428 | 58.36 | Karan Balasaheb Patil - Pawar | SHS(UBT) | 422,834 | 36.59 | 251,594 | |||
| 4 | Raver | Raksha Khadse | BJP | 630,879 | 54.03 | Shriram Dayaram Patil | NCP(SP) | 358,696 | 30.72 | 272,183 | |||
| 5 | Buldhana | Prataprao Jadhav | SHS | 349,867 | 31.64 | Narendra Dagdu Khedekar | SHS(UBT) | 320,388 | 28.98 | 29,479 | |||
| 6 | Akola | Anup Sanjay Dhotre | BJP | 457,030 | 39.15 | Abhay Kashinath Patil | INC | 416,404 | 35.67 | 40,626 | |||
| 7 | Amravati | Balwant Baswant Wankhade | INC | 526,271 | 44.94 | Navneet Kaur Rana | BJP | 506,540 | 43.26 | 19,731 | |||
| 8 | Wardha | Amar Sharadrao Kale | NCP(SP) | 533,106 | 48.89 | Ramdas Chandrabhan Tadas | BJP | 451,458 | 41.40 | 81,648 | |||
| 9 | Ramtek | Shyamkumar Barve | INC | 613,025 | 49.25 | Raju Deonath Parve | SHS | 536,257 | 43.08 | 76,768 | |||
| 10 | Nagpur | Nitin Jairam Gadkari | BJP | 655,027 | 54.32 | Vikas Thakre | INC | 517,424 | 42.91 | 137,603 | |||
| 11 | Bhandara Gondiya | Dr. Prashant Padole | INC | 587,413 | 47.96 | Sunil Baburao Mendhe | BJP | 550,033 | 44.91 | 37,380 | |||
| 12 | Gadchiroli - Chimur | Dr. Kirsan Namdeo | INC | 617,792 | 53.73 | Ashok Mahadeorao Nete | BJP | 476,096 | 41.41 | 141,696 | |||
| 13 | Chandrapur | Pratibha Dhanorkar | INC | 718,410 | 58.39 | Sudhir Mungantiwar | BJP | 458,004 | 37.22 | 260,406 | |||
| 14 | Yavatmal- Washim | Sanjay Uttamrao Deshmukh | SHS(UBT) | 594,807 | 48.91 | Rajshritai Hemant Patil | SHS | 500,334 | 41.14 | 94,473 | |||
| 15 | Hingoli | Nagesh Ashtikar | SHS(UBT) | 492,535 | 42.60 | Baburao Kadam Kohalikar | SHS | 383,933 | 33.21 | 108,602 | |||
| 16 | Nanded | Vasantrao Chavan | INC | 528,894 | 47.03 | Chikhalikar Prataprao Govindrao | BJP | 469,452 | 41.74 | 59,442 | |||
| 17 | Parbhani | Jadhav Sanjay Haribhau | SHS(UBT) | 601,343 | 45.29 | Jankar Mahadev Jagannath | RSPS | 467,282 | 35.19 | 134,061 | |||
| 18 | Jalna | Kalyan Vaijinathrao Kale | INC | 607,897 | 44.70 | Raosaheb Danve | BJP | 497,939 | 36.62 | 109,958 | |||
| 19 | Aurangabad | Sandipanrao Bhumare | SHS | 476,130 | 36.73 | Imtiaz Jaleel | AIMIM | 341,480 | 26.34 | 134,650 | |||
| 20 | Dindori | Bhaskar Murlidhar Bhagare | NCP(SP) | 577,339 | 46.84 | Dr. Bharati Pravin Pawar | BJP | 464,140 | 37.65 | 113,199 | |||
| 21 | Nashik | Rajabhau Waje | SHS(UBT) | 616,729 | 50.10 | Godse Hemant Tukaram | SHS | 454,728 | 36.94 | 162,001 | |||
| 22 | Palghar | Dr. Hemant Savara | BJP | 601,244 | 44.45 | Bharti Bharat Kamdi | SHS(UBT) | 417,938 | 30.90 | 183,306 | |||
| 23 | Bhiwandi | Suresh Mhatre | NCP(SP) | 499,464 | 40.15 | Kapil Moreshwar Patil | BJP | 433,343 | 34.83 | 66,121 | |||
| 24 | Kalyan | Dr. Shrikant Shinde | SHS | 589,636 | 57.02 | Vaishali Darekar - Rane | SHS(UBT) | 380,492 | 36.80 | 209,144 | |||
| 25 | Thane | Naresh Mhaske | SHS | 734,231 | 56.87 | Rajan Baburao Vichare | SHS(UBT) | 517,220 | 40.06 | 217,011 | |||
| 26 | Mumbai North | Piyush Goyal | BJP | 680,146 | 66.54 | Bhushan Patil | INC | 322,538 | 31.55 | 357,608 | |||
| 27 | Mumbai North West | Ravindra Dattaram Waikar | SHS | 452,644 | 48.16 | Amol Gajanan Kirtikar | SHS(UBT) | 452,596 | 48.16 | 48 | |||
| 28 | Mumbai North East | Sanjay Dina Patil | SHS(UBT) | 450,937 | 49.21 | Mihir Chandrakant Kotecha | BJP | 421,076 | 45.95 | 29,861 | |||
| 29 | Mumbai North Central | Varsha Gaikwad | INC | 445,545 | 49.46 | Ujjwal Nikam | BJP | 429,031 | 47.63 | 16,514 | |||
| 30 | Mumbai South Central | Anil Yeshwant Desai | SHS(UBT) | 395,138 | 50.59 | Rahul Ramesh Shewale | SHS | 341,754 | 43.75 | 53,384 | |||
| 31 | Mumbai South | Arvind Ganpat Sawant | SHS(UBT) | 395,655 | 52.08 | Yamini Yashwant Jadhav | SHS | 342,982 | 45.15 | 52,673 | |||
| 32 | Raigad | Sunil Tatkare | NCP | 508,352 | 51.56 | Anant Geete | SHS(UBT) | 425,568 | 43.16 | 82,784 | |||
| 33 | Maval | Shrirang Barne | SHS | 692,832 | 49.39 | Sanjog Bhiku Waghere Patil | SHS(UBT) | 596,217 | 42.51 | 96,615 | |||
| 34 | Pune | Murlidhar Mohol | BJP | 584,728 | 53.30 | Dhangekar Ravindra Hemraj | INC | 461,690 | 42.08 | 123,038 | |||
| 35 | Baramati | Supriya Sule | NCP(SP) | 732,312 | 52.19 | Sunetra Pawar | NCP | 573,979 | 40.91 | 158,333 | |||
| 36 | Shirur | Dr. Amol Ramsing Kolhe | NCP(SP) | 698,692 | 51.19 | Adhalrao Shivaji Dattatrey | NCP | 557,741 | 40.87 | 140,951 | |||
| 37 | Ahmednagar | Nilesh Dnyandev Lanke | NCP(SP) | 624,797 | 47.25 | Sujay Vikhe Patil | BJP | 595,868 | 45.07 | 28,929 | |||
| 38 | Shirdi | Bhausaheb Rajaram Wakchaure | SHS(UBT) | 476,900 | 45.23 | Lokhande Sadashiv Kisan | SHS | 426,371 | 40.43 | 50,529 | |||
| 39 | Beed | Bajrang Manohar Sonwane | NCP(SP) | 683,950 | 44.99 | Pankaja Munde | BJP | 677,397 | 44.56 | 6,553 | |||
| 40 | Osmanabad | Omprakash Rajenimbalkar | SHS(UBT) | 748,752 | 58.64 | Archana Ranajagjitsinh Patil | NCP | 418,906 | 32.81 | 329,846 | |||
| 41 | Latur | Dr. Kalge Shivaji Bandappa | INC | 609,021 | 49.29 | Sudhakar Tukaram Shrangare | BJP | 547,140 | 44.28 | 61,881 | |||
| 42 | Solapur | Praniti Sushilkumar Shinde | INC | 620,225 | 51.61 | Ram Vitthal Satpute | BJP | 546,028 | 45.44 | 74,197 | |||
| 43 | Madha | Dhairyasheel Mohite-Patil | NCP(SP) | 622,213 | 49.00 | Ranjeetsingh Nimbalkar | BJP | 501,376 | 39.49 | 120,837 | |||
| 44 | Sangli | Vishal Prakashbapu Patil | IND | 571,666 | 49.19 | Sanjay Patil | BJP | 471,613 | 40.58 | 100,053 | |||
| 45 | Satara | Udayanraje Bhonsle | BJP | 571,134 | 47.89 | Shashikant Jayvantrao Shinde | NCP(SP) | 538,363 | 45.15 | 32,771 | |||
| 46 | Ratnagiri- Sindhudurg | Narayan Tatu Rane | BJP | 448,514 | 49.70 | Vinayak Bhaurao Raut | SHS(UBT) | 400,656 | 44.40 | 47,858 | |||
| 47 | Kolhapur | Chhatrapati Shahu Shahaji | INC | 754,522 | 54.39 | Sanjay Sadashivrao Mandlik | SHS | 599,558 | 43.22 | 154,964 | |||
| 48 | Hatkanangale | Dhairyasheel Sambhajirao Mane | SHS | 520,190 | 40.30 | Satyajeet Sarudkar | SHS(UBT) | 506,764 | 39.26 | 13,426 | |||
| MN | 1 | Inner Manipur | Angomcha Bimol Akoijam | INC | 374,017 | 47.16 | T. Basanta Kumar Singh | BJP | 264,216 | 33.31 | 109,801 | ||
| 2 | Outer Manipur | Alfred Kan-Ngram Arthur | INC | 384,954 | 48.76 | Kachui Timothy Zimik | NPF | 299,536 | 37.94 | 85,418 | |||
| ML | 1 | Shillong | Ricky A. J. Syngkon | VPP | 571,078 | 55.61 | Vincent H. Pala | INC | 199,168 | 19.40 | 371,910 | ||
| 2 | Tura | Saleng A. Sangma | INC | 383,919 | 57.45 | Agatha Sangma | NPP | 228,678 | 34.22 | 155,241 | |||
| MZ | 1 | Mizoram | Richard Vanlalhmangaiha | ZPM | 208,552 | 42.61 | K Vanlalvena | MNF | 140,264 | 28.66 | 68,288 | ||
| NL | 1 | Nagaland | S. Supongmeren Jamir | INC | 401,951 | 52.95 | Dr Chumben Murry | NDPP | 350,967 | 46.23 | 50,984 | ||
| OD | 1 | Bargarh | Pradeep Purohit | BJP | 716,359 | 55.22 | Parinita Mishra | BJD | 464,692 | 35.82 | 251,667 | ||
| 2 | Sundargarh | Jual Oram | BJP | 494,282 | 43.44 | Dilip Tirkey | BJD | 355,474 | 31.24 | 138,808 | |||
| 3 | Sambalpur | Dharmendra Pradhan | BJP | 592,162 | 50.00 | Pranab Prakash Das | BJD | 472,326 | 39.88 | 119,836 | |||
| 4 | Keonjhar | Ananta Nayak | BJP | 573,923 | 46.59 | Dhanurjaya Sidu | BJD | 476,881 | 38.71 | 97,042 | |||
| 5 | Mayurbhanj | Naba Charan Majhi | BJP | 585,971 | 50.77 | Sudam Marndi | BJD | 366,637 | 31.77 | 219,334 | |||
| 6 | Balasore | Pratap Chandra Sarangi | BJP | 563,486 | 45.76 | Lekhasri Samantsinghar | BJD | 416,335 | 33.81 | 147,151 | |||
| 7 | Bhadrak | Avimanyu Sethi | BJP | 573,319 | 44.38 | Manjulata Mandal | BJD | 481,775 | 37.29 | 91,544 | |||
| 8 | Jajpur | Rabindra Narayan Behera | BJP | 534,239 | 46.28 | Sarmistha Sethi | BJD | 532,652 | 46.14 | 1,587 | |||
| 9 | Dhenkanal | Rudra Narayan Pany | BJP | 598,721 | 50.83 | Abinash Samal | BJD | 522,154 | 44.33 | 76,567 | |||
| 10 | Bolangir | Sangeeta Kumari Singh Deo | BJP | 617,744 | 44.63 | Surendra Singh Bhoi | BJD | 485,080 | 35.04 | 132,664 | |||
| 11 | Kalahandi | Malvika Devi | BJP | 544,303 | 41.41 | Lambodar Nial | BJD | 410,490 | 31.23 | 133,813 | |||
| 12 | Nabarangpur | Balabhadra Majhi | BJP | 481,396 | 40.14 | Pradeep Kumar Majhi | BJD | 393,860 | 32.84 | 87,536 | |||
| 13 | Kandhamal | Sukanta Kumar Panigrahi | BJP | 416,415 | 42.48 | Achyuta Samanta | BJD | 395,044 | 40.30 | 21,371 | |||
| 14 | Cuttack | Bhartruhari Mahtab | BJP | 531,601 | 47.78 | Santrupt Misra | BJD | 474,524 | 42.65 | 57,077 | |||
| 15 | Kendrapara | Baijayant Panda | BJP | 615,705 | 48.43 | Anshuman Mohanty | BJD | 549,169 | 43.20 | 66,536 | |||
| 16 | Jagatsinghpur | Bibhu Prasad Tarai | BJP | 589,093 | 45.97 | Dr. Rajashree Mallick | BJD | 548,397 | 42.80 | 40,696 | |||
| 17 | Puri | Sambit Patra | BJP | 629,330 | 52.91 | Arup Mohan Patnaik | BJD | 524,621 | 44.11 | 104,709 | |||
| 18 | Bhubaneswar | Aparajita Sarangi | BJP | 512,519 | 47.72 | Manmath Kumar Routray | BJD | 477,367 | 44.45 | 35,152 | |||
| 19 | Aska | Anita Subhadarshini | BJP | 494,226 | 49.62 | Ranjita Sahu | BJD | 394,252 | 39.58 | 99,974 | |||
| 20 | Berhampur | Dr. Pradeep Kumar Panigrahy | BJP | 513,102 | 49.96 | Bhrugu Baxipatra | BJD | 347,626 | 33.85 | 165,476 | |||
| 21 | Koraput | Saptagiri Sankar Ulaka | INC | 471,046 | 42.42 | Kausalya Hikaka | BJD | 323,318 | 29.11 | 147,728 | |||
| PB | 1 | Gurdaspur | Sukhjinder Singh Randhawa | INC | 364,043 | 33.88 | Dinesh Singh Babbu | BJP | 281,182 | 26.17 | 82,861 | ||
| 2 | Amritsar | Gurjeet Singh Aujla | INC | 255,181 | 28.29 | Kuldeep Singh Dhaliwal | AAP | 214,880 | 23.82 | 40,301 | |||
| 3 | Khadoor Sahib | Amritpal Singh | IND | 404,430 | 38.75 | Kulbir Singh Zira | INC | 207,310 | 19.86 | 197,120 | |||
| 4 | Jalandhar | Charanjit Singh Channi | INC | 390,053 | 39.62 | Sushil Kumar Rinku | BJP | 214,060 | 21.75 | 175,993 | |||
| 5 | Hoshiarpur | Dr. Raj Kumar Chabbewal | AAP | 303,859 | 32.22 | Yamini Gomar | INC | 259,748 | 27.55 | 44,111 | |||
| 6 | Anandpur Sahib | Malvinder Singh Kang | AAP | 313,217 | 29.25 | Vijay Inder Singla | INC | 302,371 | 28.24 | 10,846 | |||
| 7 | Ludhiana | Amrinder Singh Raja Warring | INC | 322,224 | 30.57 | Ravneet Singh Bittu | BJP | 301,282 | 28.58 | 20,942 | |||
| 8 | Fatehgarh Sahib | Amar Singh | INC | 332,591 | 34.46 | Gurpreet Singh Gp | AAP | 298,389 | 30.92 | 34,202 | |||
| 9 | Faridkot | Sarabjeet Singh Khalsa | IND | 298,062 | 29.50 | Karamjit Singh Anmol | AAP | 228,009 | 22.57 | 70,053 | |||
| 10 | Firozpur | Sher Singh Ghubaya | INC | 266,626 | 23.83 | Jagdeep Singh Kaka Brar | AAP | 263,384 | 23.54 | 3,242 | |||
| 11 | Bathinda | Harsimrat Kaur Badal | SAD | 376,558 | 32.85 | Gurmeet Singh Khudian | AAP | 326,902 | 28.52 | 49,656 | |||
| 12 | Sangrur | Gurmeet Singh Meet Hayer | AAP | 364,085 | 36.20 | Sukhpal Singh Khaira | INC | 191,525 | 19.04 | 172,560 | |||
| 13 | Patiala | Dr. Dharamvir Gandhi | INC | 305,616 | 26.69 | Dr Balbir Singh | AAP | 290,785 | 25.39 | 14,831 | |||
| RJ | 1 | Ganganagar | Kuldeep Indora | INC | 726,492 | 51.88 | Priyanka Balan Meghwal | BJP | 638,339 | 45.58 | 88,153 | ||
| 2 | Bikaner | Arjun Ram Meghwal | BJP | 566,737 | 51.25 | Govindram Meghwal | INC | 511,026 | 46.22 | 55,711 | |||
| 3 | Churu | Rahul Kaswan | INC | 728,211 | 51.36 | Devendra Jhajharia | BJP | 655,474 | 46.23 | 72,737 | |||
| 4 | Jhunjhunu | Brijendra Singh Ola | INC | 553,168 | 49.73 | Shubhkaran Choudhary | BJP | 534,933 | 48.09 | 18,235 | |||
| 5 | Sikar | Amra Ram | CPI(M) | 659,300 | 50.97 | Sumedhanand Saraswati | BJP | 586,404 | 45.33 | 72,896 | |||
| 6 | Jaipur Rural | Rao Rajendra Singh | BJP | 617,877 | 49.25 | Anil Chopra | INC | 616,262 | 49.12 | 1,615 | |||
| 7 | Jaipur | Manju Sharma | BJP | 886,850 | 61.04 | Pratap Singh Khachariyawas | INC | 555,083 | 38.21 | 331,767 | |||
| 8 | Alwar | Bhupender Yadav | BJP | 631,992 | 50.66 | Lalit Yadav | INC | 583,710 | 46.79 | 48,282 | |||
| 9 | Bharatpur | Sanjana Jatav | INC | 579,890 | 51.43 | Ramswaroop Koli | BJP | 527,907 | 46.82 | 51,983 | |||
| 10 | Karauli-Dholpur | Bhajan Lal Jatav | INC | 530,011 | 54.05 | Indu Devi | BJP | 431,066 | 43.96 | 98,945 | |||
| 11 | Dausa | Murari Lal Meena | INC | 646,266 | 60.57 | Kanhaiya Lal Meena | BJP | 408,926 | 38.33 | 237,340 | |||
| 12 | Tonk-Sawai Madhopur | Harish Chandra Meena | INC | 623,763 | 51.19 | Sukhbir Singh Jaunapuria | BJP | 558,814 | 45.86 | 64,949 | |||
| 13 | Ajmer | Bhagirath Choudhary | BJP | 747,462 | 62.82 | Ramchandra Choudhary | INC | 417,471 | 35.09 | 329,991 | |||
| 14 | Nagaur | Hanuman Beniwal | RLTP | 596,955 | 48.54 | Jyoti Mirdha | BJP | 554,730 | 45.11 | 42,225 | |||
| 15 | Pali | P. P. Chaudhary | BJP | 757,389 | 56.52 | Sangeeta Beniwal | INC | 512,038 | 38.21 | 245,351 | |||
| 16 | Jodhpur | Gajendra Singh Shekhawat | BJP | 730,056 | 53.16 | Karan Singh Uchiyarda | INC | 614,379 | 44.74 | 115,677 | |||
| 17 | Barmer | Ummeda Ram Beniwal | INC | 704,676 | 42.19 | Ravindra Singh Bhati | IND | 586,500 | 35.12 | 118,176 | |||
| 18 | Jalore | Lumbaram Choudhary | BJP | 796,783 | 55.62 | Vaibhav Gehlot | INC | 595,240 | 41.55 | 201,543 | |||
| 19 | Udaipur | Manna Lal Rawat | BJP | 738,286 | 50.04 | Tarachand Meena | INC | 476,678 | 32.31 | 261,608 | |||
| 20 | Banswara | Rajkumar Roat | BAP | 820,831 | 50.80 | Mahendrajeetsingh Malviya | BJP | 573,777 | 35.51 | 247,054 | |||
| 21 | Chittorgarh | Chandra Prakash Joshi | BJP | 888,202 | 59.49 | Anjana Udailal | INC | 498,325 | 33.37 | 389,877 | |||
| 22 | Rajsamand | Mahima Kumari Mewar | BJP | 781,203 | 65.06 | Dr. Damodar Gurjar | INC | 388,980 | 32.40 | 392,223 | |||
| 23 | Bhilwara | Damodar Agarwal | BJP | 807,640 | 62.56 | C. P. Joshi | INC | 453,034 | 35.09 | 354,606 | |||
| 24 | Kota | Om Birla | BJP | 750,496 | 50.37 | Prahlad Gunjal | INC | 708,522 | 47.56 | 41,974 | |||
| 25 | Jhalawar-Baran | Dushyant Singh | BJP | 865,376 | 61.58 | Urmila Jain "Bhaya" | INC | 494,387 | 35.18 | 370,989 | |||
| SK | 1 | Sikkim | Indra Hang Subba | SKM | 164,396 | 42.99 | Bharat Basnett | CAP(S) | 83,566 | 21.85 | 80,830 | ||
| TN | 1 | Tiruvallur | Sasikanth Senthil | INC | 796,956 | 56.97 | Balaganapathy V. Pon | BJP | 224,801 | 16.07 | 572,155 | ||
| 2 | Chennai North | Kalanidhi Veeraswamy | DMK | 497,333 | 55.93 | R. Manohar | AIADMK | 158,111 | 17.78 | 339,222 | |||
| 3 | Chennai South | Thamizhachi Thangapandian | DMK | 516,628 | 47.67 | Tamilisai Soundararajan | BJP | 290,683 | 26.82 | 225,945 | |||
| 4 | Chennai Central | Dayanidhi Maran | DMK | 413,848 | 57.53 | Vinoj P Selvam | BJP | 169,159 | 23.51 | 244,689 | |||
| 5 | Sriperumbudur | T. R. Baalu | DMK | 758,611 | 53.63 | G Premkumar | AIADMK | 271,582 | 19.20 | 487,029 | |||
| 6 | Kancheepuram | G. Selvam | DMK | 586,044 | 47.16 | E. Rajasekar | AIADMK | 364,571 | 29.34 | 221,473 | |||
| 7 | Arakkonam | S. Jagathratchakan | DMK | 563,216 | 48.92 | L. Vijayan | AIADMK | 256,657 | 22.29 | 306,559 | |||
| 8 | Vellore | D. M. Kathir Anand | DMK | 568,692 | 50.74 | A. C. Shanmugam | BJP | 352,990 | 31.50 | 215,702 | |||
| 9 | Krishnagiri | K. Gopinath | INC | 492,883 | 42.67 | V. Jayaprakash | AIADMK | 300,397 | 26.00 | 192,486 | |||
| 10 | Dharmapuri | A. Mani | DMK | 432,667 | 34.93 | Anbumani Ramadoss | PMK | 411,367 | 33.21 | 21,300 | |||
| 11 | Tiruvannamalai | C. N. Annadurai | DMK | 547,379 | 48.26 | M. Kaliyaperumal | AIADMK | 313,448 | 27.63 | 233,931 | |||
| 12 | Arani | M. S. Tharaniventhan | DMK | 500,099 | 44.21 | G. V. Gajendran | AIADMK | 291,333 | 25.76 | 208,766 | |||
| 13 | Viluppuram | D. Ravikumar | VCK | 477,033 | 41.71 | J. Bhagyaraj | AIADMK | 406,330 | 35.53 | 70,703 | |||
| 14 | Kallakurichi | D. Malaiyarasan | DMK | 561,589 | 45.25 | R. Kumaraguru | AIADMK | 507,805 | 40.92 | 53,784 | |||
| 15 | Salem | T. M. Selvaganapathi | DMK | 566,085 | 43.88 | P. Vignesh | AIADMK | 495,728 | 38.43 | 70,357 | |||
| 16 | Namakkal | V. S. Matheswaran | DMK | 462,036 | 40.77 | S. Tamilmani | AIADMK | 432,924 | 38.20 | 29,112 | |||
| 17 | Erode | K. E. Prakash | DMK | 562,339 | 52.10 | Ashok Kumar | AIADMK | 325,773 | 30.18 | 236,566 | |||
| 18 | Tiruppur | K. Subbarayan | CPI | 472,739 | 42.03 | P. Arunachalam | AIADMK | 346,811 | 30.83 | 125,928 | |||
| 19 | Nilgiris | A. Raja | DMK | 473,212 | 47.04 | L. Murugan | BJP | 232,627 | 23.13 | 240,585 | |||
| 20 | Coimbatore | P. Ganapathy Rajkumar | DMK | 568,200 | 41.75 | K. Annamalai | BJP | 450,132 | 33.07 | 118,068 | |||
| 21 | Pollachi | K. Eswarasamy | DMK | 533,377 | 47.99 | A. Karthikeyan | AIADMK | 281,335 | 25.31 | 252,042 | |||
| 22 | Dindigul | R. Sachithanantham | CPI(M) | 670,149 | 59.44 | M. A. Mohamed Mubarak | AIADMK | 226,328 | 20.07 | 443,821 | |||
| 23 | Karur | S. Jothimani | INC | 534,906 | 47.60 | L. Thangavel | AIADMK | 368,090 | 32.75 | 166,816 | |||
| 24 | Tiruchirappalli | Durai Vaiko | MDMK | 542,213 | 52.03 | P. Karuppaiah | AIADMK | 229,119 | 21.99 | 313,094 | |||
| 25 | Perambalur | Arun Nehru | DMK | 603,209 | 53.91 | N. D. Chandramohan | AIADMK | 214,102 | 19.13 | 389,107 | |||
| 26 | Cuddalore | M. K. Vishnuprasad | INC | 455,053 | 44.43 | P. Sivakozhundu | DMDK | 269,157 | 26.28 | 185,896 | |||
| 27 | Chidambaram | Thol. Thirumaavalavan | VCK | 505,084 | 43.61 | M. Chandrahasan | AIADMK | 401,530 | 34.67 | 103,554 | |||
| 28 | Mayiladuthurai | R. Sudha | INC | 518,459 | 48.05 | P. Babu | AIADMK | 247,276 | 22.92 | 271,183 | |||
| 29 | Nagapattinam | V. Selvaraj | CPI | 465,044 | 48.24 | Dr. G. Sursith Sankar | AIADMK | 256,087 | 26.56 | 208,957 | |||
| 30 | Thanjavur | S. Murasoli | DMK | 502,245 | 49.44 | P. Sivanesan | DMDK | 182,662 | 17.98 | 319,583 | |||
| 31 | Sivaganga | Karti P. Chidambaram | INC | 427,677 | 40.92 | A. Xavierdass | AIADMK | 222,013 | 21.24 | 205,664 | |||
| 32 | Madurai | S. Venkatesan | CPI(M) | 430,323 | 44.10 | Raama Sreenivasan | BJP | 220,914 | 22.64 | 209,409 | |||
| 33 | Theni | Thanga Tamilselvan | DMK | 571,493 | 50.58 | TTV Dhinakaran | AMMK | 292,668 | 25.90 | 278,825 | |||
| 34 | Virudhunagar | B. Manickam Tagore | INC | 385,256 | 36.60 | V. Vijayaprabhakaran | DMDK | 380,877 | 36.19 | 4,379 | |||
| 35 | Ramanathapuram | K. Navaskani | IUML | 509,664 | 46.18 | O. Panneerselvam | IND | 342,882 | 31.07 | 166,782 | |||
| 36 | Thoothukkudi | Kanimozhi Karunanidhi | DMK | 540,729 | 55.82 | R. Sivasamy Velumani | AIADMK | 147,991 | 15.28 | 392,738 | |||
| 37 | Tenkasi | Rani Srikumar | DMK | 425,679 | 41.65 | Dr K Krishnasamy | AIADMK | 229,480 | 22.46 | 196,199 | |||
| 38 | Tirunelveli | C. Robert Bruce | INC | 502,296 | 47.38 | Nainar Nagenthran | BJP | 336,676 | 31.76 | 165,620 | |||
| 39 | Kanniyakumari | Vijay Vasanth | INC | 546,248 | 53.28 | Pon Radhakrishnan | BJP | 366,341 | 35.73 | 179,907 | |||
| TG | 1 | Adilabad | Godam Nagesh | BJP | 568,168 | 46.43 | Athram Suguna | INC | 477,516 | 39.02 | 90,652 | ||
| 2 | Peddapalle | Vamsi Krishna Gaddam | INC | 475,587 | 43.65 | Srinivas Gomase | BJP | 344,223 | 31.59 | 131,364 | |||
| 3 | Karimnagar | Bandi Sanjay Kumar | BJP | 585,116 | 44.75 | Velchala Rajender Rao | INC | 359,907 | 27.53 | 225,209 | |||
| 4 | Nizamabad | Arvind Dharmapuri | BJP | 592,318 | 48.19 | Jeevanreddy Thatiparthi | INC | 483,077 | 39.30 | 109,241 | |||
| 5 | Zahirabad | Suresh Kumar Shetkar | INC | 528,418 | 42.83 | B. B. Patil | BJP | 482,230 | 39.09 | 46,188 | |||
| 6 | Medak | M. Raghunandan Rao | BJP | 471,217 | 34.11 | Neelam Madhu | INC | 432,078 | 31.27 | 39,139 | |||
| 7 | Malkajgiri | Etela Rajender | BJP | 991,042 | 51.60 | Suneetha Mahender Reddy | INC | 599,567 | 31.22 | 391,475 | |||
| 8 | Secunderabad | G. Kishan Reddy | BJP | 473,012 | 45.37 | Danam Nagender | INC | 423,068 | 40.58 | 49,944 | |||
| 9 | Hyderabad | Asaduddin Owaisi | AIMIM | 661,981 | 61.44 | Madhavi Latha | BJP | 323,894 | 30.06 | 338,087 | |||
| 10 | Chevella | Konda Vishweshwar Reddy | BJP | 809,882 | 48.53 | Dr Gaddam Ranjith Reddy | INC | 636,985 | 38.17 | 172,897 | |||
| 11 | Mahbubnagar | D. K. Aruna | BJP | 510,747 | 41.80 | Challa Vamshi Chand Reddy | INC | 506,247 | 41.44 | 4,500 | |||
| 12 | Nagarkurnool | Mallu Ravi | INC | 465,072 | 38.29 | Bharath Prasad Pothuganti | BJP | 370,658 | 30.52 | 94,414 | |||
| 13 | Nalgonda | Kunduru Raghuveer | INC | 784,337 | 60.79 | Saidi Reddy Shanampudi | BJP | 224,432 | 17.39 | 559,905 | |||
| 14 | Bhongir | Chamala Kiran Kumar Reddy | INC | 629,143 | 45.04 | Dr. Boora Narsaiah Goud | BJP | 406,973 | 29.14 | 222,170 | |||
| 15 | Warangal | Kadiyam Kavya | INC | 581,294 | 46.15 | Aroori Ramesh | BJP | 360,955 | 28.66 | 220,339 | |||
| 16 | Mahabubabad | Balram Naik Porika | INC | 612,774 | 55.60 | Kavitha Maloth | BHRS | 263,609 | 23.92 | 349,165 | |||
| 17 | Khammam | Ramasahayam Raghuram Reddy | INC | 766,929 | 61.63 | Nama Nageswara Rao | BHRS | 299,082 | 24.03 | 467,847 | |||
| TR | 1 | Tripura West | Biplab Kumar Deb | BJP | 881,341 | 73.74 | Asish Kumar Saha | INC | 269,763 | 22.57 | 611,578 | ||
| 2 | Tripura East | Kriti Devi Debbarman | BJP | 777,447 | 69.66 | Rajendra Reang | CPI(M) | 290,628 | 26.04 | 486,819 | |||
| UP | 1 | Saharanpur | Imran Masood | INC | 547,967 | 44.74 | Raghav Lakhanpal | BJP | 483,425 | 39.47 | 64,542 | ||
| 2 | Kairana | Iqra Choudhary | SP | 528,013 | 49.05 | Pradeep Kumar | BJP | 458,897 | 42.63 | 69,116 | |||
| 3 | Muzaffarnagar | Harendra Singh Malik | SP | 470,721 | 43.80 | Sanjeev Balyan | BJP | 446,049 | 41.50 | 24,672 | |||
| 4 | Bijnor | Chandan Chauhan | RLD | 404,493 | 39.66 | Deepak | SP | 366,985 | 35.98 | 37,508 | |||
| 5 | Nagina | Chandrashekhar | ASP(KR) | 512,552 | 51.46 | Om Kumar | BJP | 361,079 | 36.25 | 151,473 | |||
| 6 | Moradabad | Ruchi Vira | SP | 637,363 | 49.90 | Kunwar Sarvesh Kumar | BJP | 531,601 | 41.62 | 105,762 | |||
| 7 | Rampur | Mohibbullah | SP | 481,503 | 50.03 | Ghanshyam Singh Lodhi | BJP | 394,069 | 40.95 | 87,434 | |||
| 8 | Sambhal | Zia Ur Rehman | SP | 571,161 | 48.09 | Parmeshwar Lal Saini | BJP | 449,667 | 37.86 | 121,494 | |||
| 9 | Amroha | Kanwar Singh Tanwar | BJP | 476,506 | 43.13 | Kunwar Danish Ali | INC | 447,836 | 40.54 | 28,670 | |||
| 10 | Meerut | Arun Govil | BJP | 546,469 | 46.40 | Sunita Verma | SP | 535,884 | 45.50 | 10,585 | |||
| 11 | Baghpat | Rajkumar Sangwan | RLD | 488,967 | 52.65 | Amarpal | SP | 329,508 | 35.48 | 159,459 | |||
| 12 | Ghaziabad | Atul Garg | BJP | 854,170 | 58.42 | Dolly Sharma | INC | 517,205 | 35.37 | 336,965 | |||
| 13 | Gautam Buddha Nagar | Mahesh Sharma | BJP | 857,829 | 60.12 | Mahendra Singh Nagar | SP | 298,357 | 20.91 | 559,472 | |||
| 14 | Bulandshahr | Bhola Singh | BJP | 597,310 | 57.02 | Shivram | INC | 322,176 | 30.76 | 275,134 | |||
| 15 | Aligarh | Satish Kumar Gautam | BJP | 501,834 | 44.47 | Bijendra Singh | SP | 486,187 | 43.09 | 15,647 | |||
| 16 | Hathras | Anoop Pradhan | BJP | 554,746 | 51.54 | Jasveer Valmiki | SP | 307,428 | 28.56 | 247,318 | |||
| 17 | Mathura | Hema Malini | BJP | 510,064 | 53.55 | Mukesh Dhangar | INC | 216,657 | 22.75 | 293,407 | |||
| 18 | Agra | S. P. Singh Baghel | BJP | 599,397 | 53.67 | Suresh Chand Kardam | SP | 328,103 | 29.38 | 271,294 | |||
| 19 | Fatehpur Sikri | Rajkumar Chahar | BJP | 445,657 | 43.42 | Ramnath Singh Sikarwar | INC | 402,252 | 39.19 | 43,405 | |||
| 20 | Firozabad | Akshay Yadav | SP | 543,037 | 49.28 | Vishwadeep Singh | BJP | 453,725 | 41.17 | 89,312 | |||
| 21 | Mainpuri | Dimple Yadav | SP | 598,526 | 57.03 | Jayveer Singh | BJP | 376,887 | 35.91 | 221,639 | |||
| 22 | Etah | Devesh Shakya | SP | 475,808 | 47.33 | Rajveer Singh | BJP | 447,756 | 44.54 | 28,052 | |||
| 23 | Badaun | Aditya Yadav | SP | 501,855 | 46.33 | Durvijay Singh Shakya | BJP | 466,864 | 43.10 | 34,991 | |||
| 24 | Aonla | Neeraj Maurya | SP | 492,515 | 45.52 | Dharmendra Kashyap | BJP | 476,546 | 44.04 | 15,969 | |||
| 25 | Bareilly | Chhatra Pal Singh Gangwar | BJP | 567,127 | 50.94 | Praveen Singh Aron | SP | 532,323 | 47.81 | 34,804 | |||
| 26 | Pilibhit | Jitin Prasada | BJP | 607,158 | 52.60 | Bhagwat Saran Gangwar | SP | 442,223 | 38.31 | 164,935 | |||
| 27 | Shahjahanpur | Arun Kumar Sagar | BJP | 592,718 | 47.82 | Jyotsna Gond | SP | 537,339 | 43.35 | 55,379 | |||
| 28 | Kheri | Utkarsh Verma | SP | 557,365 | 46.24 | Ajay Kumar | BJP | 523,036 | 43.39 | 34,329 | |||
| 29 | Dhaurahra | Anand Bhadauriya | SP | 443,743 | 40.17 | Rekha Verma | BJP | 439,294 | 39.77 | 4,449 | |||
| 30 | Sitapur | Rakesh Rathore | INC | 531,138 | 48.50 | Rajesh Verma | BJP | 441,497 | 40.32 | 89,641 | |||
| 31 | Hardoi | Jai Prakash | BJP | 486,798 | 44.61 | Usha Verma | SP | 458,942 | 42.05 | 27,856 | |||
| 32 | Misrikh | Ashok Kumar Rawat | BJP | 475,016 | 45.50 | Sangita Rajvanshi | SP | 441,610 | 42.30 | 33,406 | |||
| 33 | Unnao | Sakshi Maharaj | BJP | 616,133 | 47.66 | Annu Tandon | SP | 580,315 | 44.89 | 35,818 | |||
| 34 | Mohanlalganj | R. K. Chaudhary | SP | 667,869 | 48.80 | Kaushal Kishore | BJP | 597,577 | 43.66 | 70,292 | |||
| 35 | Lucknow | Rajnath Singh | BJP | 612,709 | 54.24 | Ravidas Mehrotra | SP | 477,550 | 42.28 | 135,159 | |||
| 36 | Rae Bareli | Rahul Gandhi | INC | 687,649 | 66.67 | Dinesh Pratap Singh | BJP | 297,619 | 28.86 | 390,030 | |||
| 37 | Amethi | Kishori Lal | INC | 539,228 | 55.52 | Smriti Irani | BJP | 372,032 | 38.30 | 167,196 | |||
| 38 | Sultanpur | Rambhual Nishad | SP | 444,330 | 43.35 | Maneka Gandhi | BJP | 401,156 | 39.14 | 43,174 | |||
| 39 | Pratapgarh | Shiv Pal Singh Patel | SP | 441,932 | 46.80 | Sangam Lal Gupta | BJP | 375,726 | 39.78 | 66,206 | |||
| 40 | Farrukhabad | Mukesh Rajput | BJP | 487,963 | 47.40 | Dr. Naval Kishor Shakya | SP | 485,285 | 47.14 | 2,678 | |||
| 41 | Etawah | Jitendra Kumar Dohare | SP | 490,747 | 47.76 | Ram Shankar Katheria | BJP | 432,328 | 42.07 | 58,419 | |||
| 42 | Kannauj | Akhilesh Yadav | SP | 642,292 | 52.95 | Subrat Pathak | BJP | 471,370 | 38.86 | 170,922 | |||
| 43 | Kanpur | Ramesh Awasthi | BJP | 443,055 | 50.16 | Alok Misra | INC | 422,087 | 47.79 | 20,968 | |||
| 44 | Akbarpur | Bhole Singh | BJP | 517,423 | 47.94 | Rajaram Pal | SP | 473,078 | 43.83 | 44,345 | |||
| 45 | Jalaun | Narayan Das Ahirwar | SP | 530,180 | 47.43 | Bhanu Pratap Singh Verma | BJP | 476,282 | 42.61 | 53,898 | |||
| 46 | Jhansi | Anurag Sharma | BJP | 690,316 | 50.57 | Pradeep Jain "Aditya" | INC | 587,702 | 43.05 | 102,614 | |||
| 47 | Hamirpur | Ajendra Singh Lodhi | SP | 490,683 | 44.53 | Kunwar Pushpendra Chandel | BJP | 488,054 | 44.29 | 2,629 | |||
| 48 | Banda | Krishna Devi Shivshanker Patel | SP | 406,567 | 39.44 | R. K. Singh Patel | BJP | 335,357 | 32.53 | 71,210 | |||
| 49 | Fatehpur | Naresh Chandra Uttam Patel | SP | 500,328 | 45.53 | Niranjan Jyoti | BJP | 467,129 | 42.51 | 33,199 | |||
| 50 | Kaushambi | Pushpendra Saroj | SP | 509,787 | 51.16 | Vinod Kumar Sonkar | BJP | 405,843 | 40.73 | 103,944 | |||
| 51 | Phulpur | Praveen Patel | BJP | 452,600 | 44.84 | Amar Nath Singh Maurya | SP | 448,268 | 44.41 | 4,332 | |||
| 52 | Allahabad | Ujjwal Raman Singh | INC | 462,145 | 49.32 | Neeraj Tripathi | BJP | 403,350 | 43.04 | 58,795 | |||
| 53 | Barabanki | Tanuj Punia | INC | 719,927 | 56.14 | Rajrani Rawat | BJP | 504,223 | 39.32 | 215,704 | |||
| 54 | Faizabad | Awadhesh Prasad | SP | 554,289 | 48.92 | Lallu Singh | BJP | 499,722 | 44.10 | 54,567 | |||
| 55 | Ambedkar Nagar | Lalji Verma | SP | 544,959 | 46.59 | Ritesh Pandey | BJP | 407,712 | 34.86 | 137,247 | |||
| 56 | Baharaich | Anand Kumar | BJP | 518,802 | 49.71 | Ramesh Chandra | SP | 454,575 | 43.55 | 64,227 | |||
| 57 | Kaiserganj | Karan Bhushan Singh | BJP | 571,263 | 54.55 | Bhagat Ram | SP | 422,420 | 40.34 | 148,843 | |||
| 58 | Shrawasti | Ram Shiromani Verma | SP | 511,055 | 49.30 | Saket Misra | BJP | 434,382 | 41.90 | 76,673 | |||
| 59 | Gonda | Kirtivardhan Singh | BJP | 474,258 | 50.25 | Shreya Verma | SP | 428,034 | 45.35 | 46,224 | |||
| 60 | Domariyaganj | Jagdambika Pal | BJP | 463,303 | 45.89 | Kushal Tiwari | SP | 420,575 | 41.66 | 42,728 | |||
| 61 | Basti | Ram Prasad Chaudhary | SP | 527,005 | 49.02 | Harish Dwivedi | BJP | 426,011 | 39.62 | 100,994 | |||
| 62 | Sant Kabir Nagar | Laxmikant Pappu Nishad | SP | 498,695 | 46.09 | Pravin Kumar Nishad | BJP | 406,525 | 37.57 | 92,170 | |||
| 63 | Maharajganj | Pankaj Chaudhary | BJP | 591,310 | 49.25 | Virendra Chaudhary | INC | 555,859 | 46.29 | 35,451 | |||
| 64 | Gorakhpur | Ravi Kishan | BJP | 585,834 | 51.09 | Kajal Nishad | SP | 482,308 | 42.06 | 103,526 | |||
| 65 | Kushi Nagar | Vijay Kumar Dubey | BJP | 516,345 | 48.22 | Pintu Saithwar | SP | 434,555 | 40.59 | 81,790 | |||
| 66 | Deoria | Shashank Mani | BJP | 504,541 | 48.84 | Akhilesh Pratap Singh | INC | 469,699 | 45.47 | 34,842 | |||
| 67 | Bansgaon | Kamlesh Paswan | BJP | 428,693 | 45.81 | Sadal Prasad | INC | 425,543 | 45.48 | 3,150 | |||
| 68 | Lalganj | Daroga Prasad Saroj | SP | 439,959 | 44.16 | Neelam Sonker | BJP | 324,936 | 32.61 | 115,023 | |||
| 69 | Azamgarh | Dharmendra Yadav | SP | 508,239 | 48.48 | Dinesh Lal Yadav | BJP | 347,204 | 33.12 | 161,035 | |||
| 70 | Ghosi | Rajeev Rai | SP | 503,131 | 43.86 | Dr. Arvind Rajbhar | SBSP | 340,188 | 29.66 | 162,943 | |||
| 71 | Salempur | Ramashankar Rajbhar | SP | 405,472 | 44.57 | Ravindar Kushawaha | BJP | 401,899 | 44.17 | 3,573 | |||
| 72 | Ballia | Sanatan Pandey | SP | 467,068 | 46.75 | Neeraj Shekhar | BJP | 423,684 | 42.41 | 43,384 | |||
| 73 | Jaunpur | Babu Singh Kushwaha | SP | 509,130 | 46.48 | Kripashankar Singh | BJP | 409,795 | 37.41 | 99,335 | |||
| 74 | Machhlishahr | Priya Saroj | SP | 451,292 | 42.95 | Bholanath | BJP | 415,442 | 39.54 | 35,850 | |||
| 75 | Ghazipur | Afzal Ansari | SP | 539,912 | 47.19 | Pars Nath Rai | BJP | 415,051 | 36.28 | 124,861 | |||
| 76 | Chandauli | Birendra Singh | SP | 474,476 | 42.84 | Mahendra Nath Pandey | BJP | 452,911 | 40.90 | 21,565 | |||
| 77 | Varanasi | Narendra Modi | BJP | 612,970 | 54.65 | Ajay Rai | INC | 460,457 | 41.05 | 152,513 | |||
| 78 | Bhadohi | Vinod Kumar Bind | BJP | 459,982 | 42.84 | Laliteshpati Tripathi | AITC | 415,910 | 38.73 | 44,072 | |||
| 79 | Mirzapur | Anupriya Patel | AD(S) | 471,631 | 43.25 | Ramesh Chand Bind | SP | 433,821 | 39.79 | 37,810 | |||
| 80 | Robertsganj | Chhotelal | SP | 465,848 | 47.03 | Rinki Singh | AD(S) | 336,614 | 33.98 | 129,234 | |||
| WB | 1 | Cooch Behar | Jagadish Chandra Barma Basunia | AITC | 788,375 | 49.04 | Nisith Pramanik | BJP | 749,125 | 46.60 | 39,250 | ||
| 2 | Alipurduars | Manoj Tigga | BJP | 695,314 | 49.66 | Prakash Chik Baraik | AITC | 619,867 | 44.27 | 75,447 | |||
| 3 | Jalpaiguri | Jayanta Kumar Roy | BJP | 766,568 | 49.09 | Nirmal Chandra Roy | AITC | 679,875 | 43.54 | 86,693 | |||
| 4 | Darjeeling | Raju Bista | BJP | 679,331 | 51.88 | Gopal Lama | AITC | 500,806 | 38.25 | 178,525 | |||
| 5 | Raiganj | Kartick Chandra Paul | BJP | 560,897 | 41.05 | Krishna Kalyani | AITC | 492,700 | 36.05 | 68,197 | |||
| 6 | Balurghat | Sukanta Majumdar | BJP | 574,996 | 46.75 | Biplab Mitra | AITC | 564,610 | 45.91 | 10,386 | |||
| 7 | Maldaha Uttar | Khagen Murmu | BJP | 527,023 | 37.37 | Prasun Banerjee | AITC | 449,315 | 31.86 | 77,708 | |||
| 8 | Maldaha Dakshin | Isha Khan Choudhury | INC | 572,395 | 41.87 | Sreerupa Mitra Chaudhury | BJP | 444,027 | 32.48 | 128,368 | |||
| 9 | Jangipur | Khalilur Rahaman | AITC | 544,427 | 40.25 | Murtoja Hossain Bokul | INC | 427,790 | 31.63 | 116,637 | |||
| 10 | Baharampur | Yusuf Pathan | AITC | 524,516 | 38.08 | Adhir Ranjan Chowdhury | INC | 439,494 | 31.91 | 85,022 | |||
| 11 | Murshidabad | Abu Taher Khan | AITC | 682,442 | 44.65 | Md. Salim | CPI(M) | 518,227 | 33.91 | 164,215 | |||
| 12 | Krishnanagar | Mahua Moitra | AITC | 628,789 | 44.32 | Amrita Roy | BJP | 572,084 | 40.32 | 56,705 | |||
| 13 | Ranaghat | Jagannath Sarkar | BJP | 782,396 | 51.11 | Mukut Mani Adhikari | AITC | 595,497 | 38.90 | 186,899 | |||
| 14 | Bangaon | Shantanu Thakur | BJP | 719,505 | 48.41 | Biswajit Das | AITC | 645,812 | 43.45 | 73,693 | |||
| 15 | Barrackpur | Partha Bhowmick | AITC | 520,231 | 46.01 | Arjun Singh | BJP | 455,793 | 40.31 | 64,438 | |||
| 16 | Dum Dum | Sougata Ray | AITC | 528,579 | 42.33 | Silbhadra Datta | BJP | 457,919 | 36.67 | 70,660 | |||
| 17 | Barasat | Kakoli Ghosh Dastidar | AITC | 692,010 | 45.69 | Swapan Majumder | BJP | 577,821 | 38.15 | 114,189 | |||
| 18 | Basirhat | Haji Nurul Islam | AITC | 803,762 | 52.94 | Rekha Patra | BJP | 470,215 | 30.97 | 333,547 | |||
| 19 | Jaynagar | Pratima Mondal | AITC | 894,312 | 60.72 | Ashok Kandary | BJP | 424,093 | 28.79 | 470,219 | |||
| 20 | Mathurapur | Bapi Haldar | AITC | 755,731 | 50.81 | Ashok Purkait | BJP | 554,674 | 37.29 | 201,057 | |||
| 21 | Diamond Harbour | Abhishek Banerjee | AITC | 1,048,230 | 68.93 | Abhijit Das | BJP | 337,300 | 22.18 | 710,930 | |||
| 22 | Jadavpur | Sayani Ghosh | AITC | 717,899 | 46.05 | Anirban Ganguly | BJP | 459,698 | 29.48 | 258,201 | |||
| 23 | Kolkata Dakshin | Mala Roy | AITC | 615,274 | 49.74 | Debasree Chaudhuri | BJP | 428,043 | 34.60 | 187,231 | |||
| 24 | Kolkata Uttar | Sudip Bandyopadhyay | AITC | 454,696 | 47.94 | Tapas Roy | BJP | 362,136 | 38.18 | 92,560 | |||
| 25 | Howrah | Prasun Banerjee | AITC | 626,493 | 49.65 | Rathin Chakravarty | BJP | 457,051 | 36.22 | 169,442 | |||
| 26 | Uluberia | Sajda Ahmed | AITC | 724,622 | 52.53 | Arunuday Paulchowdhury | BJP | 505,949 | 36.68 | 218,673 | |||
| 27 | Sreerampur | Kalyan Banerjee | AITC | 673,970 | 46.12 | Kabir Shankar Bose | BJP | 499,140 | 34.15 | 174,830 | |||
| 28 | Hooghly | Rachna Banerjee | AITC | 702,744 | 46.72 | Locket Chatterjee | BJP | 625,891 | 41.61 | 76,853 | |||
| 29 | Arambag | Mitali Bag | AITC | 712,587 | 46.24 | Arup Kanti Digar | BJP | 706,188 | 45.83 | 6,399 | |||
| 30 | Tamluk | Abhijit Gangopadhyay | BJP | 765,584 | 48.79 | Debangshu Bhattacharya | AITC | 687,851 | 43.84 | 77,733 | |||
| 31 | Kanthi | Soumendu Adhikari | BJP | 763,195 | 50.12 | Uttam Barik | AITC | 715,431 | 46.98 | 47,764 | |||
| 32 | Ghatal | Deepak Adhikari | AITC | 837,990 | 52.78 | Hiranmoy Chattopadhyaya | BJP | 655,122 | 41.27 | 182,868 | |||
| 33 | Jhargram | Kalipada Saren | AITC | 743,478 | 50.41 | Pranat Tudu | BJP | 569,430 | 38.61 | 174,048 | |||
| 34 | Medinipur | June Maliah | AITC | 702,192 | 47.80 | Agnimitra Paul | BJP | 675,001 | 45.95 | 27,191 | |||
| 35 | Purulia | Jyotirmay Singh Mahato | BJP | 578,489 | 40.85 | Shantiram Mahato | AITC | 561,410 | 39.65 | 17,079 | |||
| 36 | Bankura | Arup Chakraborty | AITC | 641,813 | 45.15 | Subhas Sarkar | BJP | 609,035 | 42.85 | 32,778 | |||
| 37 | Bishnupur | Saumitra Khan | BJP | 680,130 | 45.50 | Sujata Mondal | AITC | 674,563 | 45.13 | 5,567 | |||
| 38 | Bardhaman Purba | Sharmila Sarkar | AITC | 720,302 | 48.52 | Asim Kumar Sarkar | BJP | 559,730 | 37.70 | 160,572 | |||
| 39 | Bardhaman-Durgapur | Kirti Azad | AITC | 720,667 | 48.69 | Dilip Ghosh | BJP | 582,686 | 39.37 | 137,981 | |||
| 40 | Asansol | Shatrughan Sinha | AITC | 605,645 | 47.09 | S. S. Ahluwalia | BJP | 546,081 | 42.46 | 59,564 | |||
| 41 | Bolpur | Asit Kumar Mal | AITC | 855,633 | 56.79 | Piya Saha | BJP | 528,380 | 35.07 | 327,253 | |||
| 42 | Birbhum | Shatabdi Roy | AITC | 717,961 | 47.44 | Debtanu Bhattacharya | BJP | 520,311 | 34.38 | 197,650 | |||
| UK | 1 | Tehri Garhwal | Mala Rajya Lakshmi Shah | BJP | 462,603 | 54.13 | Jot Singh Gunsola | INC | 190,110 | 22.25 | 272,493 | ||
| 2 | Garhwal | Anil Baluni | BJP | 432,159 | 59.52 | Ganesh Godiyal | INC | 268,656 | 37.00 | 163,503 | |||
| 3 | Almora | Ajay Tamta | BJP | 429,167 | 65.88 | Pradeep Tamta | INC | 195,070 | 29.94 | 234,097 | |||
| 4 | Nainital | Ajay Bhatt | BJP | 772,671 | 61.54 | Prakash Joshi | INC | 438,123 | 34.89 | 334,548 | |||
| 5 | Haridwar | Trivendra Singh Rawat | BJP | 653,808 | 50.46 | Virendra Rawat | INC | 489,752 | 37.80 | 164,056 | |||
| AN | 1 | Andaman & Nicobar Islands | Bishnu Pada Ray | BJP | 102,436 | 51.04 | Kuldeep Rai Sharma | INC | 78,040 | 38.88 | 24,396 | ||
| CH | 1 | Chandigarh | Manish Tewari | INC | 216,657 | 48.54 | Sanjay Tandon | BJP | 214,153 | 47.98 | 2,504 | ||
| DN | 1 | Daman & Diu | Patel Umeshbhai Babubhai | IND | 42,523 | 46.51 | Lalubhai Babubhai Patel | BJP | 36,298 | 39.70 | 6,225 | ||
| 2 | Dadar & Nagar Haveli | Delkar Kalaben Mohanbhai | BJP | 121,074 | 60.41 | Ajit Ramjibhai Mahala | INC | 63,490 | 31.68 | 57,584 | |||
| DL | 1 | Chandni Chowk | Praveen Khandelwal | BJP | 516,496 | 53.77 | Jai Prakash Agarwal | INC | 427,171 | 44.47 | 89,325 | ||
| 2 | North-East Delhi | Manoj Tiwari | BJP | 824,451 | 53.30 | Kanhaiya Kumar | INC | 685,673 | 44.33 | 138,778 | |||
| 3 | East Delhi | Harsh Malhotra | BJP | 664,819 | 52.82 | Kuldeep Kumar | AAP | 571,156 | 45.38 | 93,663 | |||
| 4 | New Delhi | Bansuri Swaraj | BJP | 453,185 | 53.78 | Somnath Bharti | AAP | 374,815 | 44.48 | 78,370 | |||
| 5 | North-West Delhi | Yogender Chandoliya | BJP | 866,483 | 58.62 | Udit Raj | INC | 575,634 | 38.94 | 290,849 | |||
| 6 | West Delhi | Kamaljeet Sehrawat | BJP | 842,658 | 55.59 | Mahabal Mishra | AAP | 643,645 | 42.46 | 199,013 | |||
| 7 | South Delhi | Ramvir Singh Bidhuri | BJP | 692,832 | 53.71 | Sahi Ram | AAP | 568,499 | 44.07 | 124,333 | |||
| LD | 1 | Lakshadweep | Muhammed Hamdullah Sayeed | INC | 25,726 | 52.43 | Mohammed Faizal Pp | NCP(SP) | 23,079 | 47.04 | 2,647 | ||
| PY | 1 | Puducherry | Ve. Vaithilingam | INC | 426,005 | 53.37 | A. Namassivayam | BJP | 289,489 | 36.27 | 136,516 | ||
| LA | 1 | Ladakh | Mohmad Haneefa | IND | 65,259 | 48.48 | Tsering Namgyal | INC | 37,397 | 27.78 | 27,862 | ||
State Wise Results
Andhra Pradesh (25)
| 16 | 3 | 2 | 4 |
| TDP | BJP | JSP | YSRCP |
| 21 | 4 |
| NDA | Oth |
Arunachal Pradesh (2)
| 2 |
| BJP |
Assam (14)
| 9 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| BJP | AGP | UPPL | INC |
| 11 | 3 |
| NDA | INDIA |
Bihar (40)
| 12 | 12 | 5 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
| BJP | JD(U) | LJP(RV) | HAM | RJD | INC | CPI(ML)L | IND |
| 30 | 9 | 1 |
| NDA | INDIA | Oth |
Chhattisgarh (11)
| 10 | 1 |
| BJP | INC |
Goa (2)
| 1 | 1 |
| BJP | INC |
Gujarat (26)
| 25 | 1 |
| BJP | INC |
Haryana (10)
| 5 | 5 |
| INC | BJP |
Himachal Pradesh (4)
| 4 |
| BJP |
Jharkhand (14)
| 8 | 1 | 3 | 2 |
| BJP | AJSU | JMM | INC |
| 9 | 5 |
| NDA | INDIA |
Karnataka (28)
| 17 | 2 | 9 |
| BJP | JD(S) | INC |
| 19 | 9 |
| NDA | INDIA |
Kerala (20)
| 14 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| INC | IUML | RSP | KEC | CPI(M) | BJP |
| 19 | 1 |
| INDIA | NDA |
Madhya Pradesh (29)
| 29 |
| BJP |
Maharashtra (48)
| 13 | 9 | 8 | 9 | 7 | 1 | 1 |
| INC | SS(UBT) | NCP (SP) | BJP | SS | NCP | IND |
| 30 | 17 | 1 |
| INDIA | NDA | Oth |
Manipur (2)
| 2 |
| INC |
Meghalaya (2)
| 1 | 1 |
| INC | VPP |
Mizoram (1)
| 1 |
| ZPM |
Nagaland (1)
| 1 |
| INC |
Odisha (21)
| 20 | 1 |
| BJP | INC |
Punjab (13)
| 7 | 3 | 1 | 2 |
| INC | AAP | SAD | IND |
| 10 | 3 |
| INDIA | Oth |
Rajasthan (25)
| 14 | 8 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| BJP | INC | BAP | CPI(M) | RLP |
| 14 | 11 |
| NDA | INDIA |
Sikkim (1)
| 1 |
| SKM |
Tamil Nadu (39)
| 22 | 9 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| DMK | INC | CPI | CPI(M) | VCK | IUML | MDMK |
| 39 |
| INDIA |
Telangana (17)
| 8 | 8 | 1 |
| INC | BJP | AIMIM |
Tripura (2)
| 2 |
| BJP |
Uttar Pradesh (80)
| 37 | 6 | 33 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| SP | INC | BJP | RLD | AD(S) | ASP(KR) |
| 43 | 36 | 1 |
| INDIA | NDA | Oth |
Uttarakhand (5)
| 5 |
| BJP |
West Bengal (42)
| 29 | 1 | 12 |
| AITC | INC | BJP |
| 30 | 12 |
| INDIA | NDA |
Andaman and Nicobar Islands (1)
| 1 |
| BJP |
Chandigarh (1)
| 1 |
| INC |
Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu (2)
| 1 | 1 |
| BJP | IND |
Delhi (7)
| 7 |
| BJP |
Jammu and Kashmir (5)
| 2 | 2 | 1 |
| JKNC | BJP | IND |
| 2 | 2 | 1 |
| INDIA | NDA | Oth |
Ladakh (1)
| 1 |
| IND |
Lakshadweep (1)
| 1 |
| INC |
Puducherry (1)
| 1 |
| INC |
Aftermath
Narendra Modi called the NDA's lead "a historical feat in India's history", while Congress party president Mallikarjun Kharge said the election was a "moral and political loss" for Modi and a "win for democracy" and the public.[317] In a speech to his supporters on 4 June, Modi said that the NDA would form a third consecutive government.[318] Following a meeting with other members of the NDA on 5 June, Modi was formally endorsed to become prime minister again.[319] On 7 June, he was selected as leader of the NDA[320] and was inaugurated as prime minister on 9 June.[321] On 10 June, Modi unveiled his 71-member cabinet, of which the BJP took 61 portfolios, including foreign affairs, home affairs, finance and defence, while the Telugu Desam Party and Janata Dal (United) took two ministries each, with the rest going to other members of the NDA.[322] The BJP's Om Birla was reelected for a second term as Speaker of the Lok Sabha on 26 June.[323]
Independent MPs from Sangli and Purnia, Vishal Patil and Pappu Yadav, both of whom are primary members of the Congress party, extended their support to it after the election, effectively increasing the opposition alliance's tally to 236.[324][325][326] On 8 June, the leadership of the Congress Party unanimously nominated Rahul Gandhi to become Leader of the Opposition, a position which had been vacant since 2014.[327] He formally assumed the post on 25 June.[328]
Reactions
International
Leaders and officials of Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Brazil, Cambodia, Canada, China, Comoros, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Egypt, Estonia, Eswatini, European Union, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Guyana, Honduras, Iceland, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Kenya, Latvia, Lithuania, the Maldives, Madagascar, Malaysia, Mauritius, Moldova, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, the Philippines, Russia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Serbia, Singapore, Slovenia, South Korea, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor Leste, Uganda, Ukraine, the United Arab Emirates, the United Kingdom, the United States, Vietnam, Yemen, and Zambia congratulated Modi on his victory.[329][330][331][332][333][334][335][336]
Stock markets
The benchmark BSE Sensex and Nifty50 indices hit intraday record highs and the Indian rupee strengthened after the exit polls were released. However, on the day results were announced, Indian stock markets crashed.[337] Rahul Gandhi subsequently called for an investigation, saying that Modi, Amit Shah, and finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman had misled investors into buying stocks before the release of the election results on 4 June in anticipation of a landslide victory by the BJP.[338]
