National Democratic Alliance

Indian political alliance led by the BJP From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The National Democratic Alliance (NDA) is an Indian multi-party political alliance, led by the country's biggest political party, the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).[9] It was founded on 15 May 1998.[10] It currently has a majority in both the Rajya Sabha and the Lok Sabha, and controls the Government of India as well as the governments of 20 out of 28 Indian states and 2 out of 3 Union territories with legislative assemblies.

AbbreviationNDA
ChairpersonAmit Shah
RajyaSabhaLeaderJ. P. Nadda
LokSabhaLeaderNarendra Modi
(Prime Minister)
Quick facts Abbreviation, Chairperson ...
National Democratic Alliance
AbbreviationNDA
ChairpersonAmit Shah
Rajya Sabha LeaderJ. P. Nadda
Lok Sabha LeaderNarendra Modi
(Prime Minister)
Founder
Founded15 May 1998; 27 years ago (1998-05-15)
Ideology
Political position
to far-right[6]
Alliance39 parties
Seats in Rajya Sabha
147 / 245
Seats in Lok Sabha
292 / 543
Seats in State Legislative Councils
224 / 423
Seats in State Legislative Assemblies
2,315 / 4,126
Number of states and union territories in government
22 / 31
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Its first chairman was then Prime Minister of India, Atal Bihari Vajpayee, who served from 1998 until 2004. L. K. Advani, the former Deputy Prime Minister, took over as chairman in 2004 and served until 2014. Amit Shah has been the chairman since 2014.

The NDA controlled a majority in the Indian Parliament from 1998 to 2004. The alliance returned to power in the 2014 general elections with a combined vote share of 38.5%.[11] BJP leader, Narendra Modi, was sworn in as Prime Minister of India on 26 May 2014, his party having won 282 of the 520 seats in the lower house. In the 2019 general election, the alliance further increased its tally to 353 seats with a combined vote share of 45.43%.[12] The alliance lost 60 seats in the 2024 general election, but retained sufficient seats to form a coalition government. On 7 June 2024, Modi confirmed the support of 293 MPs to President Droupadi Murmu; he was then asked by her to form a government.[13] This marked Modi's third term as Prime Minister and his first time heading a coalition government,[14] with the Telugu Desam Party of Andhra Pradesh and Janata Dal (United) of Bihar emerging as two main allies.[15][16][17]

History

Atal Bihari Vajpayee, first Prime Minister from NDA
Narendra Modi, second and current Prime Minister from NDA

The NDA was formed in May 1998 as a coalition to contest the general elections. The main aim of the NDA was to form an anti-Indian National Congress coalition. It was led by the BJP, and included several regional parties, including the Samata Party and the AIADMK, as well as Shiv Sena, but Shiv Sena broke away from the alliance in 2019 to join the Maha Vikas Aghadi with Congress and the NCP. Samata Party also broke away from the alliance in 2003 after formation of Janta Dal (United). The Shiv Sena was the only member which shared the Hindutva ideology of the BJP.[18][19]

After the election, it was able to muster a slim majority with outside support from the Telugu Desam Party, allowing Atal Bihari Vajpayee to return as prime minister.[20]

The government collapsed within a year because J. Jayalalithaa's AIADMK withdrew its support. After the entry of a few more regional parties, the NDA proceeded to win the 1999 elections with a larger majority. Vajpayee became Prime Minister for a third time, and this time served a full five-year term.[21]

The NDA then called elections in early 2004, six months ahead of schedule. Its campaign was based around the slogan of "India Shining" which attempted to depict the NDA government as responsible for a rapid economic transformation of the country. However, the NDA suffered a defeat, winning only a 186 seats in the lower house, the Lok Sabha, compared to 222 of the United Progressive Alliance led by the Congress. Manmohan Singh thus succeeded Vajpayee as prime minister, serving for ten years 2004–14. Commentators have argued that the NDA's defeat was due to a failure to reach out to the rural masses.[22][23] The political situation, however, changed again with the rise of NDA-aligned Gujarati Chief Minister, Narendra Modi, who went on to become India's Prime Minister following the NDA's success in the election of 2014.

Structure

Main article: List of National Democratic Alliance members

The National Democratic Alliance does not have a formal governing structure such as an executive board or politburo. It has been up to the leaders of the individual parties to make decisions on issues such as sharing of seats in elections, allocation of ministries and other issues that arise in parliament or more broadly. Given the varied ideologies among the parties, there have been many cases of disagreement and split voting amongst the allies making up the Alliance.

Owing to ill health, George Fernandes, who was the NDA convener until 2008, was discharged of his responsibility and replaced by Sharad Yadav, the then national president of the JD(U) political party. On 16 June 2013, the JD(U) left the coalition and Sharad Yadav resigned from the role of the NDA convener. Then the Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh N. Chandrababu Naidu was made the NDA convener.[24] Later in 2018, after the withdrawal of TDP from NDA the post of convenor was vacant. However NDA allies like LJP demanded the appointment of a convenor in 2019 for better coordination of the allies.[25]

On 27 July 2017, JD(U) with the help of BJP formed the government in Bihar. Later, on 19 August 2017, JD(U) formally rejoined the NDA after 4 years.[26]

List of Chairmen

  1. Atal Bihari Vajpayee – 1998 to 2004.
  2. L. K. Advani – 2004 to 2014.
  3. Amit Shah – 2014 to date.

List of Convenors

  1. George Fernandes – 1998 to 2008.
  2. Sharad Yadav – 2008 to 2013.
  3. N. Chandrababu Naidu – 2013 to 2018.

Strength in parliament

Party wise

More information Party, Rajya Sabha ...
Party Rajya Sabha Lok Sabha States/UTs
Bharatiya Janata Party 113 240 National party
Telugu Desam Party 2 16 Andhra Pradesh
Janata Dal (United) 4 12 Bihar
Shiv Sena 2 7 Maharashtra
Lok Janshakti Party (Ram Vilas) 0 5 Bihar
All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 4 0 Tamil Nadu
Nationalist Congress Party 3 1 Maharashtra
Rashtriya Lok Dal 1 2 Uttar Pradesh
Janata Dal (Secular) 1 2 Karnataka
Janasena Party 0 2 Andhra Pradesh
Asom Gana Parishad 1 1 Assam
All Jharkhand Students Union 0 1 Jharkhand
Apna Dal (Sonelal) 0 1 Uttar Pradesh
Hindustani Awam Morcha 0 1 Bihar
Sikkim Krantikari Morcha 0 1 Sikkim
Rashtriya Lok Morcha 1 0 Bihar
National People's Party 1 0 National party
Republican Party of India (Athawale) 1 0 Maharashtra
Pattali Makkal Katchi 1 0 Tamil Nadu
Tamil Maanila Congress (Moopanar) 0 0 Tamil Nadu
Bodoland People's Front 0 0 Assam
Amma Makkal Munnetra Kazhagam 0 0 Tamil Nadu
Naga People's Front 0 0 Nagaland
Suheldev Bharatiya Samaj Party 0 0 Uttar Pradesh
Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party 0 0 Goa
All India N.R. Congress 0 0 Puducherry
Bharath Dharma Jana Sena 0 0 Kerala
Twenty20 Kizhakkambalam 0 0 Kerala
Indigenous People's Front of Tripura 0 0 Tripura
Rashtriya Samaj Paksha 0 0 Maharashtra
United Democratic Party 0 0 Meghalaya
Hill State People's Democratic Party 0 0 Meghalaya
Haryana Lokhit Party 0 0 Haryana
Kerala Kamaraj Congress 0 0 Kerala
Gorkha National Liberation Front 0 0 West Bengal
Jan Surajya Shakti 0 0 Maharashtra
Independent 3 0 Haryana
NOM 7 0 None
Total 144 292 India
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State/UT wise MPS

More information State/UT, Seats ...
Source:[27]
State/UT Seats BJP NDA Allies Overall Tally
LS RS LS RS Party LS RS
States
Andhra Pradesh 25 11 3 2 TDP 16 2
21 / 25

4 / 11
JSP 2 0
Arunachal Pradesh 2 1 2 1 None
2 / 2

1 / 1
Assam 14 7 9 4 AGP 1 1
10 / 14

5 / 7
Bihar 40 16 12 7 JD(U) 12 4
30 / 40

10 / 16
LJP(RV) 5 0
HAM(S) 1 0
RLM 0 1
Chhattisgarh 11 5 10 2 None
1 / 5
10 / 11
Goa 2 1 1 1 None
1 / 2

1 / 1
Gujarat 26 11 25 10 None
10 / 11
25 / 26

Haryana 10 5 5 3 Independent 0 1
4 / 5
5 / 10

Himachal Pradesh 4 3 4 2 None
4 / 4

2 / 3
Jharkhand 14 6 8 3 AJSU 1 0
3 / 6
9 / 14

Karnataka 28 12 17 6 JD(S) 2 1
7 / 12
19 / 28

Kerala 20 9 1 0 None
0 / 9
1 / 20

Madhya Pradesh 29 11 29 8 None
8 / 11
29 / 29

Maharashtra 48 19 9 8 SHS 7 2
15 / 19
17 / 48

NCP 1 4
RPI(A) 0 1
Manipur 2 1 0 1 None
1 / 1

0 / 2
Meghalaya 2 1 0 1 NPP 1 0
1 / 1

0 / 2
Mizoram 1 1 0 0 None
0 / 1

0 / 1
Nagaland 1 1 0 1 None
1 / 1

0 / 1
Odisha 21 10 20 3 Independent 0 1
3 / 10

20 / 21
Punjab 13 7 0 6 None
6 / 7

0 / 13
Rajasthan 25 10 14 5 None
5 / 10

14 / 25
Sikkim 1 1 0 1 SKM 1 0
1 / 1

1 / 1
Tamil Nadu 39 18 0 0 AIADMK 0 5
5 / 18

0 / 39
PMK 0 1
Telengana 17 7 8 0 None
0 / 7

8 / 17
Tripura 2 1 2 1 None
1 / 1

2 / 2
Uttar Pradesh 80 31 33 24 RLD 2 1
25 / 31
36 / 80

AD(S) 1 0
Uttarakhand 5 3 5 3 None
3 / 3
5 / 5

West Bengal 42 16 12 3 None
3 / 16
12 / 42
Union Territories
Andaman and Nicobar Islands 1 1 None
1 / 1
Chandigarh 1 0 None
0 / 1
Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu 2 1 None
1 / 2
Delhi 7 3 7 1 None
7 / 7

1 / 3
Jammu and Kashmir 5 4 2 1 None
2 / 5

1 / 4
Ladakh 1 0 None
0 / 1
Lakshadweep 1 0 None
0 / 1
Puducherry 1 1 0 1 None
0 / 1

1 / 1
Nominated 12 5 Nom 7
12 / 12
Total 543 245 240 113 Allies 52 33
292 / 543

146 / 245
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State Governments

See also: List of chief ministers from the Bharatiya Janata Party
See also: List of current Indian deputy chief ministers
States run by the NDA government as of May 2026

The NDA is currently in power in 20 states and 2 union territories of India (out of 28 states and 3 union territories).

The NDA has never been in power in 2 states – Kerala, Telangana (between 1999 and 2004 BJP in alliance with TDP ruled a United Andhra Pradesh). But BJP led NDA has ruled many local governing institutions including corporations, municipalities, panchayats and has also been elected to many Lok Sabha constituencies, state assembly constituencies and local body divisions and wards in these 2 states.

17 states and 1 union territory currently have a Deputy Chief Minister, with 9 of them having two deputy chief ministers each. 12 of these states have deputy ministers from NDA, making for 23 of 28 incumbents.

More information S.No, State/UT ...
S.No State/UT NDA Govt since Chief Minister Alliance Partners Seats Last election
Name
Cabinet		 Portrait Party Seats Since
1 Andhra Pradesh
(list)		 12 June 2024 N. Chandrababu Naidu
Naidu IV		 TDP 135 12 June 2024 JSP (21) 164/175 4 June 2024
BJP (8)
2 Arunachal Pradesh
(list)		 16 September 2016 Pema Khandu
Khandu V		 BJP 46 16 September 2016 None 46/60 4 June 2024
3 Assam
(list)		 19 May 2016 Himanta Biswa Sarma
Sarma		 BJP 82 10 May 2021 AGP (10) 102/126 4 May 2026
BPF (10)
4 Bihar
(list)		 28 January 2024 Samrat Choudhary
Chaudhary		 BJP 88 28 January 2024 JD(U) (85) 201/243 14 November 2025
LJP(RV) (19)
HAM(S) (5)
RLM (4)
5 Chhattisgarh
(list)		 13 December 2023 Vishnu Deo Sai
Sai		 BJP 54 13 December 2023 None 54/90 3 December 2023
6 Delhi
(list)		 20 February 2025 Rekha Gupta
Gupta		 BJP 48 20 February 2025 None 48/70 05 February 2025
7 Goa
(list)		 6 March 2012 Pramod Sawant
Sawant II		 BJP 27 19 March 2019 MGP (2) 32/40 10 March 2022
IND (3)
8 Gujarat
(list)		 28 February 1998 Bhupendrabhai Patel
Patel II		 BJP 162 13 September 2021 IND (2) 164/182 8 December 2022
9 Haryana
(list)		 19 October 2014 Nayab Singh Saini
Saini II		 BJP 48 12 March 2024 IND (3) 51/90 8 October 2024
10 Madhya Pradesh
(list)		 23 March 2020 Mohan Yadav
Yadav		 BJP 165 13 December 2023 None 165/230 3 December 2023
11 Maharashtra
(list)		 30 June 2022 Devendra Fadnavis
Fadnavis III		 BJP 131 5 December 2024 SHS (57) 235/288 23 November 2024
NCP (40)
JSS (2)
RSPS (1)
RSVA (1)
RYSP (1)
IND (2)
12 Manipur
(list)		 4 February 2026 Yumnam Khemchand Singh
Singh
BJP 37 4 February 2026 NPF (5) 46/60 10 March 2022
JD(U) (1)
IND (3)
13 Meghalaya
(list)		 6 March 2018 Conrad Sangma
Sangma II		 NPP 33 6 March 2018 UDP (12) 51/60 2 March 2023
BJP (2)
HSPDP (2)
IND (2)
14 Nagaland
(list)		 8 March 2018 Neiphiu Rio
Rio V		 NPF 34 8 March 2018 BJP (11) 59/60 2 March 2023
NPP (5)
RPI(A) (2)
LJP(RV) (2)
IND (5)
15 Odisha
(list)		 12 June 2024 Mohan Charan Majhi
Majhi		 BJP 79 12 June 2024 IND (3) 82/147 4 June 2024
16 Puducherry
(list)		 7 May 2021 N. Rangaswamy
Rangaswamy IV		 AINRC 10 7 May 2021 BJP (6) 18/30 2 May 2021
IND (2)
17 Rajasthan
(list)		 15 December 2023 Bhajan Lal Sharma
Sharma		 BJP 118 15 December 2023 SHS (2) 127/200 3 December 2023
RLD (1)
IND (6)
18 Sikkim
(list)		 27 May 2019 Prem Singh Tamang
Tamang II		 SKM 32 27 May 2019 None 32/32 2 June 2024
19 Tripura
(list)		 9 March 2018 Manik Saha
Saha II		 BJP 32 15 May 2022 TMP (13) 46/60 2 March 2023
IPFT (1)
20 Uttar Pradesh
(list)		 17 March 2017 Yogi Adityanath
Yogi Adityanath II		 BJP 258 17 March 2017 AD(S) (13) 291/403 10 March 2022
RLD (9)
SBSP (6)
NISHAD (5)
IND (3)
21 Uttarakhand
(list)		 18 March 2017 Pushkar Singh Dhami
Dhami II		 BJP 47 3 July 2021 None 47/70 10 March 2022
22 West Bengal
(list)		 9 May 2026 Suvendu Adhikari
Adhikari
BJP 207 9 May 2026 None 207/294 23 & 29 April 2026
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Strength in legislative assemblies

The following is a list of the current number of Members of Legislative Assembly (MLAs) from the BJP as well as other political parties in the NDA in each of the 28 Indian states and 3 Union territories with legislative assemblies. The NDA currently holds a majority of the seats in 19 states and two Union territories, out of which the BJP on its own holds a majority of the seats in 14 states and one Union territory.

More information State/UT, Total ...
Source: Digital Sansad [28]
State/UT Total BJP NDA (Other) Overall NDA Tally CM from Last Election
Andhra Pradesh 175 8 TDP (135)
164 / 175
 TDP 2024
JSP (21)
Arunachal Pradesh 60 46 PPA (6)
59 / 60
 BJP 2024
NCP (3)
NPP (1)
IND (3)
Assam 126 82 AGP (10)
102 / 126
 BJP 2026
BPF (10)
Bihar 243 88 JD(U) (85)
201 / 243
 BJP 2025
LJP(RV) (19)
HAM(S) (5)
RLM (4)
Chhattisgarh 90 54 None
54 / 90
 BJP 2023
Delhi 70 48 None
48 / 70
 BJP 2025
Goa 40 27 MGP (2)
32 / 40
 BJP 2022
IND (3)
Gujarat 182 162 IND (2)
164 / 182
 BJP 2022
Haryana 90 48 IND (3)
51 / 90
 BJP 2024
Himachal Pradesh 68 28 None
28 / 68
 INC 2022
Jammu and Kashmir 90 29 None
29 / 90
 JKNC 2024
Jharkhand 81 21 AJSU (1)
24 / 81
 JMM 2024
JD(U) (1)
LJP(RV) (1)
Karnataka 224 63 JD(S) (18)
81 / 224
 INC 2023
Kerala 140 3 None
3 / 140
 2026
Madhya Pradesh 230 165 None
165 / 230
 BJP 2023
Maharashtra 288 132 SHS (57)
237 / 288
 BJP 2024
NCP (41)
JSS (2)
RSPS (1)
RSVA (1)
RYSP (1)
IND (2)
Manipur 60 36 NPP (6)
51 / 60
 BJP 2022
NPF (5)
JD(U) (1)
IND (3)
Meghalaya 60 2 NPP (33)
51 / 60
 NPP 2023
UDP (12)
HSPDP (2)
IND (2)
Mizoram 40 2 None
2 / 40
 ZPM 2023
Nagaland 60 12 NPF (34)
60 / 60
 NPF 2023
NPP (5)
RPI(A) (2)
LJP(RV) (2)
IND (5)
Odisha 147 79 IND (14)
93 / 147
 BJP 2024
Puducherry 33 4 AINRC (12)
20 / 33
 AINRC 2026
AIADMK (1)
LJK (1)
IND (2)
Punjab 117 2 None
2 / 117
 AAP 2022
Rajasthan 200 118 SHS (2)
127 / 200
 BJP 2023
RLD (1)
IND (6)
Sikkim 32 0 SKM (32)
32 / 32
 SKM 2024
Tamil Nadu 234 1 AIADMK (47)
53 / 234
 2026
PMK (4)
AMMK (1)
Telangana 119 8 None
8 / 119
 INC 2023
Tripura 60 33 TMP (13)
46 / 60
 BJP 2023
IPFT (1)
Uttar Pradesh 403 257 AD(S) (13)
294 / 403
 BJP 2022
RLD (9)
SBSP (6)
NISHAD (5)
IND (4)
Uttarakhand 70 47 None
47 / 70
 BJP 2022
West Bengal 294 206 None
206 / 294
 BJP 2026
Total 4,126 1,811 721
2,534 / 4,126
 NDA (22)
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List of presidents

Note that it refers to nomination by alliance, as the offices of President are apolitical.

Presidents

Further information: List of presidents of India
More information No., Portrait ...
No. Portrait Name
(birth–death)		 Term of office

Electoral mandates

Time in office

 Previous post Vice president Party[29]
11 A. P. J. Abdul Kalam
(1931–2015)		 25 July 2002 25 July 2007 Principal Scientific Adviser to the Government of India Krishan Kant (2002)

Bhairon Singh Shekhawat (2002–2007)

 Independent  
2002
5 years
Kalam was an educator and engineer who played a leading role in the development of India's ballistic missile and nuclear weapons programs.[30] He also received the Bharat Ratna. He was popularly known as "People's President".[31][32][33]
14 Ram Nath Kovind
(b.1945)		 25 July 2017 25 July 2022 Governor of Bihar Mohammad Hamid Ansari (2017)

Venkaiah Naidu (2017–2022)

 Bharatiya Janata Party  
2017
5 years
Kovind was governor of Bihar from 2015 to 2017 and a Member of Parliament from 1994 to 2006. He is the second Dalit president (after K. R. Narayanan) and is the first president from the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and is an active member of Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) since his youth.[34]
15 Droupadi Murmu
(b.1958)		 25 July 2022 Incumbent Governor of Jharkhand Venkaiah Naidu (2022)

Jagdeep Dhankhar (2022–2025)

C. P. Radhakrishnan(2025-)

 Bharatiya Janata Party  
2022
3 years, 292 days
Murmu was governor of Jharkhand from 2015 to 2021 and the Member of the Odisha Legislative Assembly from 2000 to 2009. She held several ministerial portfolios in Government of Odisha. She is the first Tribal and second female President of India and is the second president from the Bharatiya Janata Party.
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List of vice presidents

Further information: List of vice presidents of India
More information No., Portrait ...
No. Portrait Name
(birth–death)[35]		 Elected
(% votes)		 Took office Left office Term President Party
11 Bhairon Singh Shekhawat Bhairon Singh Shekhawat
(1925–2010)		 2002
(59.82%)		 19 August 2002 21 July 2007 4 years, 336 days A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Bharatiya Janata Party
13 Venkaiah Naidu Venkaiah Naidu
(b. 1949)		 2017
(67.89%)		 11 August 2017 11 August 2022 5 years Ram Nath Kovind
14 Jagdeep Dhankhar Jagdeep Dhankhar
(b. 1951)		 2022
(74.5%)		 11 August 2022 21 July 2025 2 years, 344 days Droupadi Murmu
15 C. P. Radhakrishnan C. P. Radhakrishnan
(b. 1957)		 2025
(60.10%)		 12 September 2025 Incumbent 243 days
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Note that it refers to nomination by alliance, as the offices of Vice President are apolitical.

List of prime ministers

Further information: List of prime ministers of India
More information No., Prime ministers ...
No. Prime ministers Portrait Term in office Lok Sabha Cabinet Constituency Party
Start End Tenure
1 Atal Bihari Vajpayee [a]16 May 1996 1 June 1996[a] 6 years,80 days 11th Vajpayee l Lucknow Bharatiya Janata Party  
19 March 1998 13 October 1999 12th Vajpayee II
13 October 1999 22 May 2004 13th Vajpayee III
2 Narendra Modi 26 May 2014 30 May 2019 11 years, 352 days 16th Modi I Varanasi
30 May 2019 9 June 2024 17th Modi II
9 June 2024 Incumbent 18th Modi III
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List of deputy prime ministers

Further information: List of deputy prime ministers of India
More information No., Deputy Prime minister ...
No. Deputy Prime minister Portrait Term in office Lok Sabha Prime Minister Constituency
Start End Tenure
1 L. K. Advani 29 June 2002 22 May 2004 1 year, 328 days 13th Atal Bihari Vajpayee Gandhinagar
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  1. [a]
    that time, alliance weren't formed

List of current chairpersons (with their deputies) and speakers (with their deputies)

Rajya Sabha

More information House, Chairperson ...
House Chairperson[a] Party Deputy Chairperson Party
Rajya Sabha C. P. Radhakrishnan BJP Harivansh NOM
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Lok Sabha

More information House, Speaker ...
House Speaker Party Deputy Speaker Party
Lok Sabha Om Birla BJP Vacant N/A
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State Legislative Councils

This is the list of current Chairpersons and Deputy Chairpersons of the legislative councils of the Indian states:

More information State, Chairperson ...
State Chairperson Party Deputy Chairperson Party
Bihar Awadhesh Narain Singh
BJP Ram Bachan Rai JD(U)
Karnataka Basavaraj Horatti BJP M. K. Pranesh BJP
Maharashtra Ram Shinde BJP Neelam Gorhe SS
Uttar Pradesh Kunwar Manvendra Singh BJP Vacant N/A
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Legislative Assemblies

This is the list of current Speakers and Deputy Speakers of the legislative assemblies of the Indian states and union territories:[36]

More information States, Speaker ...
States Speaker Party Deputy Speaker Party
Andhra Pradesh Chintakayala Ayyanna Patrudu TDP Raghu Rama Krishna Raju TDP
Arunachal Pradesh Tesam Pongte BJP Kardo Nyigyor BJP
Assam Ranjeet Kumar Dass BJP
Bihar Prem Kumar BJP Narendra Narayan Yadav JD(U)
Chhattisgarh Raman Singh BJP Vacant N/A
Goa Ganesh Gaonkar BJP Joshua D'Souza BJP
Gujarat Shankar Chaudhary BJP Purnesh Modi BJP
Haryana Harvinder Kalyan BJP Krishan Lal Middha BJP
Madhya Pradesh Narendra Singh Tomar BJP Vacant N/A
Maharashtra Rahul Narwekar BJP Anna Bansode NCP
Manipur Thokchom Satyabrata Singh BJP Kongkham Robindro Singh BJP
Meghalaya Thomas A. Sangma NPP Limison D. Sangma NPP
Nagaland Sharingain Longkümer NPF S. Toiho Yeptho NPF
Odisha Surama Padhy BJP Bhabani Shankar Bhoi BJP
Rajasthan Vasudev Devnani BJP Vacant N/A
Sikkim Mingma Narbu Sherpa SKM Raj Kumari Thapa SKM
Tripura Ram Pada Jamatia BJP Ram Prasad Paul BJP
Uttarakhand Ritu Khanduri Bhushan BJP Vacant N/A
Uttar Pradesh Satish Mahana BJP Vacant N/A
West Bengal BJP
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More information Union Territories, Speaker ...
Union Territories Speaker Party Deputy Speaker Party
Delhi Vijendra Gupta BJP Mohan Singh Bisht BJP
Puducherry Embalam R. Selvam BJP P. Rajavelu AINRC
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List of opposition leaders

State Legislative Councils

This is the list of current opposition leaders in the legislative councils of the Indian states:

More information State, Portrait ...
State Portrait Name Party
Karnataka Chalavadi Narayanaswamy Bharatiya Janata Party
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State Legislative Assemblies

Map shows the parties of the Leader of Opposition in States Legislative Assemblies of India

This is the list of current opposition leaders in the legislative assemblies of the Indian states and union territories:[37]

More information State/UT, Portrait ...
State/UT Portrait Name Party
Himachal Pradesh Jai Ram Thakur Bharatiya Janata Party
Jammu and Kashmir Sunil Kumar Sharma
Jharkhand Babulal Marandi
Karnataka R. Ashoka
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Member parties

Main article: List of National Democratic Alliance members

As of March 2025, there are 39 political parties that are members of the alliance. The Bharatiya Janata Party and the National People's Party are the only two political parties being recognised by the Election Commission of India as national parties.[38] Other parties in the alliance are either recognised as state level parties or unrecognised parties.

Electoral performance

More information Election, Seats won ...
Election Seats won Change Total votes Share of votes Swing Status NDA Leader
1998
265 / 543
 New 150,679,142 40.90% New Government Atal Bihari Vajpayee
1999
302 / 543
 Increase37 149,823,824 41.12% Increase3.84% Government
2004
188 / 543
 Decrease114 141,623,671 36.34% Decrease2.52% Opposition
2009
158 / 543
 Decrease30 101,361,535 24.30% Decrease4.94% Opposition L. K. Advani
2014
336 / 543
 Increase178 211,784,403 38.66% Increase12.00% Government Narendra Modi
2019
353 / 543
 Increase17 272,836,794 44.90% Increase10.28% Government
2024
293 / 543
 Decrease60 283,010,926 44.29% Decrease0.61% Government
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All time-NDA Lok Sabha seat count

Electoral Performances post-2024

Since the 2024 Indian general election, 11 states and union territories have held their assembly elections. NDA has formed the government for 7 of those elections, including a return to power in Delhi and forming the government in West Bengal for the first time.

More information Election, Year ...
Election Year Seats won Change Total votes Share of votes Swing Status Leadership
Haryana 2024
48 / 90
 Increase 8 5,548,800 39.94% Increase 3.45% Government Nayab Singh Saini
Jammu and Kashmir 2024
29 / 90
 Increase 4 14,62,225 25.63% New Opposition Ravinder Raina
Maharashtra 2024
235 / 288
 Increase 49 31,849,405 49.30% Increase 7.14% Government Devendra Fadnavis, Ajit Pawar, Eknath Shinde
Jharkhand 2024
24 / 81
 Decrease 3 6,807,719 38.14% Decrease 4.68% Opposition Babulal Marandi, Sudesh Mahto, Khiru Mahto
Delhi 2025
48 / 70
 Increase 40 4,473,899 47.15% Increase 8.64% Government Rekha Gupta
Bihar 2025
202 / 243
 Increase 81 23,383,298 46.56% Increase 9.30% Government Samrat Choudhary, Nitish Kumar, Chirag Paswan, Jitan Ram Manjhi, Upendra Kushwaha
Assam 2026
102 / 126
 Increase 27 1,04,03,165 48.01% Increase 3.61% Government Himanta Biswa Sarma
Kerala 2026
3 / 140
 Increase 3 30,66,385 14.20% Increase 1.79% Others Rajeev Chandrasekhar
Puducherry 2026
18 / 30
 Increase 2 Government N. Rangaswamy
Tamil Nadu 2026
53 / 234
 Decrease 22 13,425,260 27.21% Decrease 14.85% Edappadi K. Palaniswami
West Bengal 2026
207 / 294
 Increase 130 29,224,804 45.84% Increase 7.69% Government Suvendu Adhikari
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Timeline

1998

1999

2004

  • TDP withdrew from the NDA.[41]

2009

2011

2012

Presidential election
Main article: 2012 Indian presidential election
Vice-Presidential election
Main article: 2012 Indian vice presidential election

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

  • On 7 January 2019, the AGP withdrew from the NDA and also from the Assam Government on the issue of citizenship amendment bill.
  • On 21 January 2019, the GJM withdrew from the NDA and extended the support to Mamata Banerjee .
  • On 19 February 2019, AIADMK and PMK rejoined NDA and BJP announced that "They will contest 5 Lok sabha seats in Tamil Nadu".
  • On 19 February 2019, Pattali Makkal Katchi rejoined NDA
  • BJP announced that "They will contest 5 Lok sabha seats in Tamil Nadu".
  • On 10 March 2019, DMDK rejoined NDA.
  • On 8 March 2019 in Sikkim, BJP joined hands with opposition party SKM
  • On 12 March 2019 in Assam, BJP joined hands with old ally AGP[75]
  • On 12 March 2019 in Maharashtra, Rayat Kranti Sanghatana is a part of NDA[76]
  • On 25 March 2019 in Tamil Nadu, Puthiya Needhi Katchi is a part of Alliance[77]
  • On 4 April 2019 in Rajasthan, BJP joined hands with the RLP[78]
  • On 5 April 2019 in Uttar Pradesh, Nishad Party joined hands with NDA[79]
  • On 23 May 2019 NDA won the 2019 Indian General election with record breaking 352 seats with its allys
  • In May 2019, NDA lost state elections of Andhra Pradesh & Odisha
  • In May 2019, NDA won the state elections of Arunachal Pradesh & Sikkim.
  • On 25 October 2019 in Haryana, JJP joined hands with NDA to forming a stable government at Haryana with BJP[80]
  • On 11 November 2019 in Maharashtra, Shiv Sena exited from the NDA, as BJP was not willing to agree for Sharing CM Post with Shiv Sena to form government in Maharashtra.[81]
  • In November 2019, NDA won the state election of Haryana
  • In November 2019, NDA lost the state election of Maharashtra
  • On 15 November 2019 in Jharkhand, BJP, AJSU sever ties in Jharkhand days before Assembly elections 2019.[82]
  • On 23 November 2019 in Maharashtra, NCP (Ajit Pawar Faction) joined NDA, Ajit Pawar took oath as Maharashtra's Deputy Chief Minister.
  • On 26 November 2019 in Maharashtra, Ajit Pawar resigns as Maharashtra's Deputy Chief Minister. With immediate effect Devendra Fadnvis also resigns from the post of CM of Maharashtra. His term becomes the shortest term as Maharashtra's Chief Minister.
  • In December 2019, NDA lost the state election of Jharkhand.

2020

2021

2022

2023

2024

  • On 28 January 2024, Nitish Kumar led Janata Dal (United) rejoined NDA by quitting Mahagathbandhan and I.N.D.I.A. Alliance. It formed a coalition government with Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) in Bihar with Nitish Kumar as the Chief Minister and two Deputy Chief Ministers from BJP.[107]
  • On 8 February 2024, Nationalist Congress Party officially enters the alliance after Election Commission of India recognitions it to be the legitimate party over the Sharad Pawar led faction.[108]
  • On 9 February 2024, Rashtriya Lok Dal led by Jayant Singh entered the alliance after securing deal of two Lok Sabha seats in Uttar Pradesh with BJP.[109]
  • On 7 March 2024, Tipra Motha Party joined NDA and two ministers sworn in Tripura Government.[110]
  • On 9 March 2024, TDP rejoined the NDA,[111] forming a three-party coalition colloquially referred to in Telugu as Kūṭami (Telugu: కూటమి, lit. 'Alliance')[112] comprising the BJP, Janasena Party and Telugu Desam Party. As part of the arrangement, the TDP and Janasena contested 17 and 2 seats, respectively in the general elections, and 144 and 21 seats, respectively in the Andhra Pradesh state legislative assembly elections.[113]
  • On 4 June, NDA made a record breaking victory in the 2024 Indian general election as the alliance recorded its third consecutive victory. NDA also made a record breaking victory in the decisive states of Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim and Odisha, where it defeated the incubment BJD government, which was in power for the last 24 years.
  • In October 2024, NDA made a record breaking victory in the decisive state of Haryana, routing the Congress. The NDA lost in Jammu and Kashmir, though it managed to increase its seats and garner the most votes. It did particularly well in Jammu region.
  • In November 2024, NDA made a record breaking landslide victory in the decisive state of Maharashtra, routing the Congress led alliance. The NDA lost in Jharkhand.

2025

  • In February 2025, BJP wins election of NCT Delhi assembly and comes to power after 27 years.
  • On 11 April 2025, AIADMK General Secretary Edappadi K. Palaniswami and BJP leader and Home Minister Amit Shah announced their alliance for 2026 Tamil Nadu Assembly election on a Joint Press Conference at Chennai; thus AIADMK rejoining NDA.[114][115]
  • In November 2025, NDA made a record breaking landslide victory in the decisive state of Bihar, routing the RJD led alliance. The BJP, for the first time won the most seats in Bihar.

2026

  • In May 2026, BJP makes a landslide victory in West Bengal, winning more than two-thirds of the assembly and forming government in the state for the first time.

See also

Notes

  1. [a]
    Vice President of India is the ex-officio Chairperson of the Rajya Sabha.

References

External links

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