Leadership opinion polling for the 2004 Spanish general election

In the run up to the 2004 Spanish general election, various organisations carried out opinion polling to gauge the opinions that voters hold towards political leaders. Results of such polls are displayed in this article. The date range for these opinion polls is from the previous general election, held on 12 March 2000, to the day the next election was held, on 14 March 2004.

Polling firm/Commissioner	Fieldwork date	Sample size			Other/ None/ Not care	?	Lead

			Rajoy PP	Rodríguez Zapatero PSOE
Opina/Cadena SER^[1]	7 Mar 2004	?	35.8	40.7	8.6	14.8	4.9
Opina/Cadena SER^[2]	6 Mar 2004	?	35.8	39.4	8.7	16.1	3.6
Opina/Cadena SER^[3]	5 Mar 2004	?	35.8	39.1	8.5	16.6	3.3
Opina/Cadena SER^[4]	4 Mar 2004	?	36.6	38.1	8.5	16.7	1.5
Opina/Cadena SER^[5]	3 Mar 2004	?	36.9	37.9	8.5	16.6	1.0
Vox Pública/El Periódico^[6]	1–3 Mar 2004	2,071	40.6	42.6	16.8		2.0
Noxa/La Vanguardia^[7]	27 Feb–3 Mar 2004	2,200	41.0	50.0	–	9.0	9.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[8]	2 Mar 2004	?	36.6	38.0	8.9	16.4	1.4
Opina/Cadena SER^[9]	1 Mar 2004	?	36.1	38.2	9.7	16.0	2.1
Opina/El País^[10]	27 Feb–1 Mar 2004	4,000	33.8	37.6	4.4	24.2	3.8
Opina/Cadena SER^[11]	29 Feb 2004	?	37.0	37.3	10.6	15.1	0.3
Opina/Cadena SER^[12]	28 Feb 2004	?	37.2	36.4	11.1	15.4	0.8
Opina/Cadena SER^[13]	27 Feb 2004	?	37.5	35.9	10.3	16.2	1.6
Opina/Cadena SER^[14]	26 Feb 2004	3,000	36.9	37.1	9.1	16.9	0.2
ASEP^[15]	16–21 Feb 2004	1,212	34.2	35.1	15.2	15.5	0.9
CIS^[16]	24 Jan–15 Feb 2004	24,109	33.0	34.1	7.7	25.2	1.1
Noxa/La Vanguardia^[17]	6–12 Feb 2004	1,800	41.0	49.0	–	10.0	8.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[18]	11 Feb 2004	1,000	36.8	38.5	8.3	16.4	1.7
Opina/Cadena SER^[19]	31 Jan 2004	1,000	38.2	37.0	5.9	18.9	1.2
Opina/El País^[20]	25 Jan 2004	3,000	37.3	35.6	6.0	21.1	1.7
ASEP^[15]	19–24 Jan 2004	1,201	34.6	35.3	15.6	14.4	0.7
Vox Pública/El Periódico^[21]	19–21 Jan 2004	1,501	39.4	42.0	18.6		2.6
Opina/Cadena SER^[22]	16 Jan 2004	1,000	39.3	36.7	8.7	15.3	2.6
Noxa/La Vanguardia^[23]	7–9 Jan 2004	1,000	47.0	42.0	–	11.0	5.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[24]	2 Jan 2004	?	38.5	38.6	4.6	18.3	0.1
Opina/Cadena SER^[25]	19 Nov 2003	1,000	38.2	37.1	4.9	19.8	1.1
Opina/Cadena SER^[26]	24 Sep 2003	1,000	36.5	36.9	5.9	20.7	0.4
Vox Pública/El Periódico^[27]	22–24 Sep 2003	1,502	43.1	38.2	18.7		4.9
Opina/Cadena SER^[28]	10 Sep 2003	?	38.8	36.8	3.9	20.5	2.0
Opina/El País^[29]	7 Sep 2003	1,000	39.1	36.8	3.7	20.4	2.3
Vox Pública/El Periódico^[30]	23–25 Jun 2003	1,502	35.9	50.2	13.9		14.3
Noxa/La Vanguardia^[31]	22–24 Apr 2003	1,000	38.0	53.0	–	9.0	15.0
Vox Pública/El Periódico^[32]	31 Mar–2 Apr 2003	1,503	28.3	57.9	13.8		29.6
Opina/El País^[33]	25–26 Mar 2003	1,000	25.0	40.5	2.8	31.7	15.5
Opina/El País^[33]^[34]	3 Feb 2003	1,000	24.6	37.3	1.6	36.5	12.7
Vox Pública/El Periódico^[35]	13–16 Jan 2003	1,501	32.7	50.2	17.1		17.5
Opina/Cadena SER^[36]^[37]	4 Dec 2002	1,000	29.1	41.8	1.2	27.9	12.7
Opina/El País^[33]	23–24 Nov 2002	1,000	28.7	39.8	0.8	30.7	11.1
Opina/Cadena SER^[38]^[39]	9 Oct 2002	1,000	34.4	41.6	0.6	23.4	7.2
Vox Pública/El Periódico^[40]	7–9 Oct 2002	1,507	31.2	51.0	17.8		19.8
Opina/El País^[41]^[42]	29 Sep 2002	?	30.8	42.0	1.8	25.4	11.2
Opina/Cadena SER^[43]^[44]	27 Aug 2002	1,000	28.6	40.2	1.8	29.5	11.6
Opina/Cadena SER^[45]^[46]	27 Jun 2002	1,000	27.0	36.7	3.8	32.5	9.7
Vox Pública/El Periódico^[47]	24–26 Jun 2002	1,504	31.3	48.5	20.2		17.2
Opina/Cadena SER^[48]^[49]^[46]	8 May 2002	1,000	30.1	34.0	2.0	33.9	3.9
Vox Pública/El Periódico^[50]	15–17 Apr 2002	1,510	29.4	48.6	22.0		19.2
Vox Pública/El Periódico^[51]	4–5 Feb 2002	1,506	31.6	51.1	17.3		19.5
Vox Pública/El Periódico^[52]	22–23 Oct 2001	1,509	29.9	48.4	21.7		18.5
Vox Pública/El Periódico^[53]	25–28 Jun 2001	1,506	25.4	51.9	22.7		26.5
Vox Pública/El Periódico^[54]	16–18 Apr 2001	1,514	28.4	45.5	26.1		17.1
Vox Pública/El Periódico^[55]	29–31 Jan 2001	1,519	25.0	49.6	25.4		24.6
Vox Pública/El Periódico^[56]	30–31 Oct 2000	1,210	27.8	44.7	27.5		16.9

Polling firm/Commissioner	Fieldwork date	Sample size			Other/ None/ Not care	?	Lead

			Mayor Oreja PP	Rodríguez Zapatero PSOE
Vox Pública/El Periódico^[30]	23–25 Jun 2003	1,502	38.4	48.2	13.4		9.8
Vox Pública/El Periódico^[32]	31 Mar–2 Apr 2003	1,503	32.3	54.9	12.8		22.6
Opina/El País^[33]	25–26 Mar 2003	1,000	26.7	39.8	2.7	30.8	13.1
Opina/El País^[33]^[34]	3 Feb 2003	1,000	29.4	36.1	1.8	32.7	6.7
Vox Pública/El Periódico^[35]	13–16 Jan 2003	1,501	37.2	46.2	16.6		9.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[36]^[37]	4 Dec 2002	1,000	29.5	42.7	1.6	26.2	13.2
Opina/El País^[33]	23–24 Nov 2002	1,000	29.8	40.1	0.8	29.3	10.3
Opina/Cadena SER^[38]^[39]	9 Oct 2002	1,000	35.7	40.5	0.5	23.3	4.8
Vox Pública/El Periódico^[40]	7–9 Oct 2002	1,507	37.2	45.9	16.9		8.7
Opina/El País^[41]^[42]	29 Sep 2002	?	33.9	40.1	1.7	24.3	6.2
Opina/Cadena SER^[43]^[44]	27 Aug 2002	1,000	28.9	39.8	2.0	29.3	10.9
Opina/Cadena SER^[45]^[46]	27 Jun 2002	1,000	30.2	35.9	2.9	31.0	5.7
Vox Pública/El Periódico^[47]	24–26 Jun 2002	1,504	38.4	43.7	17.9		5.3
Opina/Cadena SER^[48]^[49]^[46]	8 May 2002	1,000	31.4	33.9	1.9	32.8	2.5
Vox Pública/El Periódico^[50]	15–17 Apr 2002	1,510	36.8	43.2	20.0		6.4
Vox Pública/El Periódico^[51]	4–5 Feb 2002	1,506	38.6	44.5	16.9		5.9

Polling firm/Commissioner	Fieldwork date	Sample size			Other/ None/ Not care	?	Lead

			Rato PP	Rodríguez Zapatero PSOE
Vox Pública/El Periódico^[30]	23–25 Jun 2003	1,502	35.4	49.8	14.8		14.4
Noxa/La Vanguardia^[31]	22–24 Apr 2003	1,000	38.0	55.0	–	7.0	17.0
Vox Pública/El Periódico^[32]	31 Mar–2 Apr 2003	1,503	29.1	58.0	12.9		28.9
Opina/El País^[33]	25–26 Mar 2003	1,000	24.6	40.0	2.9	32.5	15.4
Opina/El País^[33]^[34]	3 Feb 2003	1,000	26.1	36.0	2.1	35.8	9.9
Vox Pública/El Periódico^[35]	13–16 Jan 2003	1,501	32.3	49.8	17.9		17.5
Opina/Cadena SER^[36]^[37]	4 Dec 2002	1,000	28.9	42.4	1.8	26.9	13.5
Opina/El País^[33]	23–24 Nov 2002	1,000	27.8	40.0	0.8	31.4	12.2
Opina/Cadena SER^[38]^[39]	9 Oct 2002	1,000	32.9	42.6	0.5	24.0	9.7
Vox Pública/El Periódico^[40]	7–9 Oct 2002	1,507	32.2	49.8	18.0		17.6
Opina/El País^[41]^[42]	29 Sep 2002	?	30.4	42.5	1.6	25.5	12.1
Opina/Cadena SER^[43]^[44]	27 Aug 2002	1,000	27.0	41.2	1.9	29.9	14.2
Opina/Cadena SER^[45]^[46]	27 Jun 2002	1,000	26.8	36.8	3.9	32.5	10.0
Vox Pública/El Periódico^[47]	24–26 Jun 2002	1,504	31.4	48.9	19.7		17.5
Opina/Cadena SER^[48]^[49]^[46]	8 May 2002	1,000	28.9	34.3	2.5	34.3	5.4
Vox Pública/El Periódico^[50]	15–17 Apr 2002	1,510	31.1	48.1	20.8		17.0
Vox Pública/El Periódico^[51]	4–5 Feb 2002	1,506	32.3	49.7	18.0		17.4
Vox Pública/El Periódico^[57]	22–23 Oct 2001	1,509	30.6	48.5	20.9		17.9
Vox Pública/El Periódico^[58]	25–28 Jun 2001	1,506	30.9	48.2	20.9		17.3
Vox Pública/El Periódico^[59]	16–18 Apr 2001	1,514	31.0	43.6	25.4		12.6
Vox Pública/El Periódico^[60]	29–31 Jan 2001	1,519	30.9	46.3	22.8		15.4
Vox Pública/El Periódico^[61]	30–31 Oct 2000	1,210	35.6	39.1	25.3		3.5

Polling firm/Commissioner	Fieldwork date	Sample size			Other/ None/ Not care	?	Lead

			Ruiz- Gallardón PP	Rodríguez Zapatero PSOE
Opina/Cadena SER^[36]^[37]	4 Dec 2002	1,000	28.4	42.6	1.4	27.6	14.2
Opina/Cadena SER^[38]^[39]	9 Oct 2002	1,000	32.2	43.8	0.6	23.4	11.6
Opina/El País^[41]^[42]	29 Sep 2002	?	30.7	41.3	1.6	26.3	10.6
Opina/Cadena SER^[43]^[44]	27 Aug 2002	1,000	25.0	39.6	2.4	33.0	14.6

Polling firm/Commissioner	Fieldwork date	Sample size			Other/ None/ Not care	?	Lead

			Acebes PP	Rodríguez Zapatero PSOE
Opina/Cadena SER^[36]^[37]	4 Dec 2002	1,000	26.9	42.8	1.7	28.6	15.9
Opina/Cadena SER^[38]^[39]	9 Oct 2002	1,000	30.0	44.6	0.4	25.0	14.6
Opina/El País^[41]^[42]	29 Sep 2002	?	26.4	44.1	1.7	27.8	17.7
Opina/Cadena SER^[43]^[44]	27 Aug 2002	1,000	21.8	42.5	2.2	33.5	20.7

Leadership opinion polling for the 2004 Spanish general election

Rajoy vs. Zapatero

Mayor Oreja vs. Zapatero

Rato vs. Zapatero

Gallardón vs. Zapatero

Acebes vs. Zapatero

Aznar vs. Zapatero

Predicted prime minister

Rajoy vs. Zapatero

Mayor Oreja vs. Zapatero

Rato vs. Zapatero

Gallardón vs. Zapatero

Acebes vs. Zapatero

Aznar vs. Zapatero

Leader ratings

Approval ratings

Mariano Rajoy

José María Aznar

José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero

References

Related Articles

Polling firm/Commissioner	Fieldwork date	Sample size			Other/ None/ Not care	?	Lead

			Aznar PP	Rodríguez Zapatero PSOE
Opina/Cadena SER^[28]	10 Sep 2003	?	39.1	35.9	4.6	20.4	3.2
Opina/Cadena SER^[28]	2 Sep 2003	1,000	38.5	38.1	5.7	17.7	0.4
Opina/Cadena SER^[62]	27 Aug 2003	1,000	36.2	40.0	6.0	17.8	3.8
Vox Pública/El Periódico^[30]	23–25 Jun 2003	1,502	39.3	43.7	17.0		4.4
Opina/Cadena SER^[63]	11 Jun 2003	?	37.4	40.8	5.2	16.6	3.4
Opina/Cadena SER^[64]	28 May 2003	?	36.8	42.4	2.9	17.9	5.6
Opina/Cadena SER^[64]	15 May 2003	?	35.1	39.7	4.2	21.0	4.6
Opina/Cadena SER^[64]	23 Apr 2003	?	29.5	41.9	3.6	25.0	12.4
Opina/Cadena SER^[64]	2 Apr 2003	?	26.9	49.8	4.0	19.3	22.9
Vox Pública/El Periódico^[32]	31 Mar–2 Apr 2003	1,503	28.7	54.0	17.3		25.3
Opina/Cadena SER^[64]	21 Mar 2003	?	26.6	43.5	4.4	25.5	16.9
Opina/Cadena SER^[64]	8 Mar 2003	?	26.0	47.6	4.2	22.2	21.6
Opina/Cadena SER^[45]^[46]	27 Jun 2002	1,000	32.6	38.3	4.6	24.5	5.7
Opina/Cadena SER^[46]	21 Jun 2002	?	29.5	35.3	6.6	28.6	5.8
Opina/Cadena SER^[46]	5 Jun 2002	1,000	33.1	33.4	3.0	30.5	0.3
Opina/Cadena SER^[46]	22 May 2002	1,000	29.8	39.3	2.8	28.1	9.5
Opina/Cadena SER^[48]^[49]^[46]	8 May 2002	1,000	36.1	35.3	3.1	25.5	0.8
Opina/Cadena SER^[46]	24 Apr 2002	1,000	35.2	34.5	4.4	28.9	0.7
Vox Pública/El Periódico^[57]	22–23 Oct 2001	1,509	40.3	41.4	18.3		1.1
Vox Pública/El Periódico^[58]	25–28 Jun 2001	1,506	38.1	43.3	18.6		5.2
Opina/Cadena SER^[65]^[66]	14 May 2001	1,000	36.4	33.5	7.7	22.4	2.9
Opina/Cadena SER^[67]^[68]	24 Apr 2001	1,000	32.1	34.1	5.4	28.4	2.0
Vox Pública/El Periódico^[59]	16–18 Apr 2001	1,514	37.6	40.3	22.1		2.7
Opina/Cadena SER^[69]^[70]	11 Apr 2001	?	32.2	34.9	4.1	28.8	2.7
Opina/Cadena SER^[71]^[72]	4 Apr 2001	?	31.9	35.9	5.0	27.1	4.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[73]^[74]	7 Mar 2001	?	34.6	36.4	3.5	25.5	2.2
Opina/Cadena SER^[75]^[76]	21 Feb 2001	1,000	31.9	37.5	4.6	26.0	5.6
Opina/Cadena SER^[77]^[78]	7 Feb 2001	?	31.9	34.0	6.3	27.8	2.1
Vox Pública/El Periódico^[60]	29–31 Jan 2001	1,519	37.7	42.7	19.6		5.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[78]	24 Jan 2001	?	30.5	34.3	5.8	29.4	3.8
Opina/Cadena SER^[78]	10 Jan 2001	?	30.5	37.3	5.0	27.2	6.8
Vox Pública/El Periódico^[61]	30–31 Oct 2000	1,210	40.6	38.6	20.8		2.0

Polling firm/Commissioner	Fieldwork date	Sample size			Other/ None/ Not care	?	Lead

			Mayor Oreja PP	Rodríguez Zapatero PSOE
Opina/El País^[33]^[79]	25–26 Mar 2003	1,000	22.5	41.9	0.6	35.0	19.4
Opina/El País^[33]^[34]	3 Feb 2003	1,000	33.7	30.3	0.9	35.1	3.4
Opina/Cadena SER^[36]^[37]	4 Dec 2002	1,000	34.2	35.0	0.5	30.3	0.8
Opina/El País^[33]	23–24 Nov 2002	1,000	34.5	30.9	0.4	34.2	3.6
Opina/Cadena SER^[38]^[39]	9 Oct 2002	1,000	43.1	29.8	0.2	26.9	13.3
Opina/El País^[41]^[42]	29 Sep 2002	?	41.5	29.9	0.4	28.3	11.6
Opina/Cadena SER^[43]^[44]	27 Aug 2002	1,000	37.1	32.3	0.5	30.0	4.9
Opina/Cadena SER^[45]^[46]	27 Jun 2002	1,000	41.0	25.1	1.1	32.8	15.9
Opina/Cadena SER^[48]^[49]^[46]	8 May 2002	1,000	44.0	22.6	0.7	32.7	21.4

Polling firm/Commissioner	Fieldwork date	Sample size

			Aznar PP	Rajoy PP	Zapatero PSOE	Llamazares IU
Opina/Cadena SER^[1]	7 Mar 2004	?	4.76	4.99	5.30	3.89
Opina/Cadena SER^[2]	6 Mar 2004	?	4.82	5.03	5.28	3.86
Opina/Cadena SER^[3]	5 Mar 2004	?	4.79	5.01	5.23	3.87
Opina/Cadena SER^[4]	4 Mar 2004	?	4.83	5.07	5.15	3.80
Opina/Cadena SER^[5]	3 Mar 2004	?	4.88	5.07	5.12	3.76
Noxa/La Vanguardia^[7]	27 Feb–3 Mar 2004	2,200	–	5.6	5.5	4.2
Opina/Cadena SER^[8]	2 Mar 2004	?	4.85	5.08	5.03	3.65
Opina/Cadena SER^[9]	1 Mar 2004	?	4.80	4.99	5.01	3.68
Opina/El País^[80]	27 Feb–1 Mar 2004	4,000	–	5.03	4.85	3.60
Opina/Cadena SER^[11]	29 Feb 2004	?	4.75	5.00	4.99	3.69
Opina/Cadena SER^[12]	28 Feb 2004	?	4.78	5.00	5.07	3.78
Opina/Cadena SER^[13]	27 Feb 2004	?	4.86	5.08	5.08	3.77
Opina/Cadena SER^[14]	26 Feb 2004	3,000	4.86	5.05	5.12	3.78
Noxa/La Vanguardia^[17]	6–12 Feb 2004	1,800	–	5.6	5.4	4.1
Opina/Cadena SER^[18]	11 Feb 2004	1,000	4.74	5.08	4.96	3.66
Opina/Cadena SER^[19]	31 Jan 2004	1,000	4.99	5.13	4.86	3.73
Opina/El País^[20]	25 Jan 2004	3,000	–	5.25	4.59	–
Opina/Cadena SER^[22]	16 Jan 2004	1,000	4.98	5.18	4.76	3.75
Noxa/La Vanguardia^[23]	7–9 Jan 2004	1,000	–	6.0	4.9	4.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[24]	2 Jan 2004	?	4.93	5.07	4.79	3.94
Opina/El País^[81]	7 Dec 2003	1,000	–	5.26	4.69	3.86
Opina/Cadena SER^[25]	19 Nov 2003	1,000	4.84	5.07	4.65	3.61
Opina/Cadena SER^[26]	24 Sep 2003	1,000	4.81	5.02	4.75	3.55
Opina/Cadena SER^[28]	10 Sep 2003	1,000	4.96	–	4.68	3.51
Opina/El País^[81]	7 Sep 2003	1,000	–	5.50	4.93	–
Opina/Cadena SER^[28]	2 Sep 2003	1,000	5.07	–	4.70	3.62
Opina/Cadena SER^[62]	27 Aug 2003	1,000	4.78	–	4.54	3.60
Opina/Cadena SER^[82]	1 Jul 2003	1,000	5.04	–	4.97	–
Opina/Cadena SER^[63]	11 Jun 2003	?	4.98	–	4.99	3.56
Opina/Cadena SER^[64]	28 May 2003	1,000	5.16	–	5.21	3.87
Opina/Cadena SER^[64]	15 May 2003	1,000	4.87	–	5.18	3.68
Noxa/La Vanguardia^[31]	22–24 Apr 2003	1,000	5.1	–	5.2	3.8
Opina/Cadena SER^[83]	23 Apr 2003	1,000	4.39	–	4.95	3.73
Opina/Cadena SER^[83]	2 Apr 2003	?	3.80	–	5.10	3.77
Opina/El País^[33]	25–26 Mar 2003	1,000	3.68	–	4.93	3.87
Opina/Cadena SER^[84]	21 Mar 2003	1,000	3.90	–	5.15	3.92
Opina/Cadena SER^[85]	8 Mar 2003	1,000	4.18	–	5.29	3.86
Opina/Cadena SER^[86]	19 Feb 2003	1,000	4.59	–	5.37	4.10
Opina/Cadena SER^[87]	6 Feb 2003	?	4.65	–	5.22	3.72
Opina/El País^[88]	3 Feb 2003	1,000	4.79	–	4.98	3.88
Opina/Cadena SER^[89]	22 Jan 2003	1,000	4.74	–	5.19	3.86
Opina/Cadena SER^[90]	8 Jan 2003	1,000	4.92	–	5.26	3.63
Opina/Cadena SER^[91]	17 Dec 2002	1,000	4.61	–	5.18	3.88
Opina/Cadena SER^[92]	4 Dec 2002	1,000	5.02	–	5.39	3.75
Opina/El País^[93]	23–24 Nov 2002	1,000	4.91	–	5.27	3.80
Opina/Cadena SER^[94]	20 Nov 2002	1,000	5.23	–	5.56	3.69
Opina/Cadena SER^[95]	6 Nov 2002	1,000	5.23	–	5.59	3.59
Opina/Cadena SER^[96]	23 Oct 2002	1,000	5.07	–	5.44	3.44
Opina/Cadena SER^[97]	9 Oct 2002	1,000	5.19	–	5.46	3.59
Opina/El País^[41]	29 Sep 2002	?	5.14	–	5.28	3.66
Opina/Cadena SER^[98]	25 Sep 2002	1,000	5.18	–	5.28	3.63
Opina/Cadena SER^[99]	10 Sep 2002	1,000	4.89	–	5.32	3.71
Opina/Cadena SER^[100]	27 Aug 2002	1,000	4.99	–	5.42	3.66
Opina/Cadena SER^[101]	27 Jun 2002	1,000	4.87	–	5.12	3.92
Opina/Cadena SER^[101]	21 Jun 2002	?	4.69	–	4.99	3.92
Opina/Cadena SER^[101]	5 Jun 2002	1,000	5.08	–	5.10	3.85
Opina/Cadena SER^[102]	22 May 2002	1,000	5.05	–	5.25	4.00
Opina/Cadena SER^[103]	8 May 2002	1,000	5.31	–	5.17	3.98
Opina/Cadena SER^[104]	24 Apr 2002	1,000	5.25	–	5.18	4.14
Opina/Cadena SER^[105]	10 Apr 2002	1,000	5.20	–	5.03	4.12
Opina/Cadena SER^[106]	26 Mar 2002	1,000	5.17	–	5.22	3.89
Opina/Cadena SER^[107]	12 Mar 2002	1,000	5.18	–	5.11	3.97
Opina/Cadena SER^[108]	27 Feb 2002	1,000	5.24	–	5.09	3.90
Opina/Cadena SER^[109]	13 Feb 2002	1,000	5.34	–	5.17	3.83
Opina/Cadena SER^[110]	30 Jan 2002	1,000	5.41	–	5.18	4.00
Opina/Cadena SER^[111]	16 Jan 2002	1,000	5.21	–	5.20	3.74
Opina/Cadena SER^[112]	3 Jan 2002	1,000	5.22	–	5.20	3.65
Opina/Cadena SER^[113]	5 Dec 2001	1,000	5.15	–	5.38	4.02
Opina/Cadena SER^[114]	20 Nov 2001	1,000	5.35	–	5.35	3.91
Opina/Cadena SER^[115]	7 Nov 2001	1,000	5.36	–	5.34	3.91
Opina/Cadena SER^[116]	24 Oct 2001	1,000	5.46	–	5.49	3.80
Opina/Cadena SER^[116]	2 Oct 2001	?	5.28	–	5.56	3.80
Opina/Cadena SER^[117]	18 Sep 2001	1,000	5.50	–	5.78	3.95
Opina/Cadena SER^[118]	5 Sep 2001	1,000	5.42	–	5.70	4.20
Opina/Cadena SER^[119]	30 Jun 2001	1,000	5.34	–	5.62	3.96
Opina/Cadena SER^[120]	13 Jun 2001	1,000	5.52	–	5.61	3.94
Opina/Cadena SER^[121]	30 May 2001	1,000	5.37	–	5.65	4.07
Opina/Cadena SER^[122]	14 May 2001	1,000	5.48	–	5.63	3.92
Opina/Cadena SER^[123]	24 Apr 2001	?	5.38	–	5.66	3.95
Opina/Cadena SER^[124]	11 Apr 2001	?	5.58	–	5.76	3.89
Opina/Cadena SER^[125]	4 Apr 2001	?	5.48	–	5.80	4.06
Opina/Cadena SER^[126]	7 Mar 2001	?	5.44	–	5.81	4.24
Opina/Cadena SER^[127]	21 Feb 2001	1,000	5.36	–	5.67	4.13
Opina/Cadena SER^[127]	7 Feb 2001	?	5.35	–	5.72	3.88
Opina/Cadena SER^[127]	24 Jan 2001	?	5.45	–	5.82	4.05
Opina/Cadena SER^[127]	16 Jan 2001	?	5.38	–	5.99	4.05
Opina/Cadena SER^[127]	20 Dec 2000	?	5.56	–	5.90	3.63
Opina/Cadena SER^[127]	5 Dec 2000	?	5.46	–	5.94	4.29
Opina/Cadena SER^[127]	22 Nov 2000	?	5.55	–	5.73	4.04

Polling firm/Commissioner	Fieldwork date	Sample size	José María Aznar (PP)

			Y	N	?	Net
					?	Net
Opina/Cadena SER^[1]	7 Mar 2004	?	43.2	49.5	7.3	−6.3
Opina/Cadena SER^[2]	6 Mar 2004	?	43.9	48.6	7.5	−4.7
Opina/Cadena SER^[3]	5 Mar 2004	?	44.0	48.9	7.1	−4.9
Opina/Cadena SER^[4]	4 Mar 2004	?	43.8	48.9	7.3	−5.1
Opina/Cadena SER^[5]	3 Mar 2004	?	44.5	48.2	7.3	−3.7
Opina/Cadena SER^[8]	2 Mar 2004	?	44.5	48.0	7.5	−3.5
Opina/Cadena SER^[9]	1 Mar 2004	?	45.2	48.1	6.7	−2.9
Opina/Cadena SER^[11]	29 Feb 2004	?	45.8	47.6	6.5	−1.8
Opina/Cadena SER^[12]	28 Feb 2004	?	46.2	47.2	6.7	−1.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[13]	27 Feb 2004	?	45.9	47.0	7.1	−1.1
Opina/Cadena SER^[14]	26 Feb 2004	3,000	44.5	47.6	7.8	−3.1
Gallup^[128]	2–20 Feb 2004	2,036	28.0	55.0	17.0	−27.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[18]	11 Feb 2004	1,000	41.0	50.1	8.9	−9.1
Opina/Cadena SER^[19]	31 Jan 2004	1,000	45.9	46.6	7.5	−0.7
Gallup^[129]	5–22 Jan 2004	2,028	30.0	51.0	19.0	−21.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[22]	16 Jan 2004	1,000	45.7	47.0	7.3	−1.3
Opina/Cadena SER^[24]	2 Jan 2004	?	43.9	48.6	7.5	−4.7
Gallup^[130]	1–19 Dec 2003	2,025	29.0	52.0	19.0	−23.0
Opina/El País^[81]	7 Dec 2003	1,000	41.2	50.5	8.3	−9.3
Gallup^[131]	4–25 Nov 2003	2,032	31.0	51.0	18.0	−20.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[25]	19 Nov 2003	1,000	44.4	45.7	9.9	−1.3
Gallup^[132]	3–22 Oct 2003	2,016	29.0	54.0	17.0	−25.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[26]	24 Sep 2003	1,000	44.6	50.6	4.8	−6.0
Gallup^[133]	1–24 Sep 2003	2,027	33.0	50.0	17.0	−17.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[28]	10 Sep 2003	1,000	44.5	47.3	8.2	−2.8
Opina/El País^[29]	7 Sep 2003	1,000	48.9	43.2	7.9	+5.7
Opina/Cadena SER^[28]	2 Sep 2003	1,000	46.1	46.4	7.5	−0.3
Opina/Cadena SER^[62]	27 Aug 2003	1,000	41.9	52.1	6.0	−10.2
Gallup^[134]	1–18 Aug 2003	2,026	30.0	52.0	18.0	−22.0
Gallup^[135]	1–24 Jul 2003	2,032	31.0	52.0	17.0	−21.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[82]	1 Jul 2003	1,000	46.8	48.2	5.0	−1.4
Gallup^[136]	2–20 Jun 2003	2,024	34.0	51.0	15.0	−17.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[63]	11 Jun 2003	?	46.4	45.4	8.4	+1.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[64]	28 May 2003	1,000	45.8	47.0	7.2	−1.2
Gallup^[137]	5–26 May 2003	2,026	26.0	58.0	16.0	−32.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[64]	15 May 2003	1,000	41.2	50.3	8.5	−9.1
Noxa/La Vanguardia^[138]	22–24 Apr 2003	1,000	42.0	53.0	5.0	−11.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[83]	23 Apr 2003	1,000	36.8	56.2	7.0	−19.4
Gallup^[139]	1–22 Apr 2003	2,020	21.0	61.0	18.0	−40.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[83]	2 Apr 2003	?	28.3	67.1	4.6	−38.8
Opina/El País^[33]	25–26 Mar 2003	1,000	30.8	62.8	6.4	−32.0
Gallup^[140]	3–25 Mar 2003	2,016	25.0	60.0	15.0	−35.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[84]	21 Mar 2003	1,000	30.8	62.6	6.6	−31.8
Opina/Cadena SER^[85]	8 Mar 2003	1,000	31.1	61.6	7.3	−30.5
Gallup^[141]	3–24 Feb 2003	2,028	26.0	57.0	17.0	−31.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[86]	19 Feb 2003	1,000	33.7	54.5	11.8	−20.8
Opina/Cadena SER^[87]	6 Feb 2003	?	34.9	53.4	11.7	−18.5
Opina/El País^[88]	3 Feb 2003	1,000	40.5	47.5	12.0	−7.0
Gallup^[142]	7–23 Jan 2003	2,034	27.0	56.0	17.0	−29.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[89]	22 Jan 2003	1,000	39.8	50.2	10.0	−10.4
Opina/Cadena SER^[90]	8 Jan 2003	1,000	42.8	47.7	9.5	−4.9
Gallup^[143]	2–23 Dec 2002	2,011	28.0	53.0	19.0	−25.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[91]	17 Dec 2002	1,000	38.7	52.1	9.2	−13.4
Opina/Cadena SER^[92]	4 Dec 2002	1,000	47.1	45.2	7.7	+1.9
Gallup^[144]	4–25 Nov 2002	2,018	31.0	50.0	19.0	−19.0
Opina/El País^[88]	23–24 Nov 2002	1,000	45.4	44.8	9.8	+0.6
Opina/Cadena SER^[94]	20 Nov 2002	1,000	49.5	41.9	8.6	+7.6
Opina/Cadena SER^[95]	6 Nov 2002	1,000	47.0	44.7	8.3	+2.3
Gallup^[145]	1–24 Oct 2002	2,018	32.0	48.0	20.0	−16.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[96]	23 Oct 2002	1,000	46.2	46.1	7.7	+0.1
Opina/Cadena SER^[97]	9 Oct 2002	1,000	52.9	40.9	6.2	+12.0
Opina/El País^[41]	29 Sep 2002	?	52.0	42.0	6.0	+10.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[98]	25 Sep 2002	1,000	51.8	41.5	6.7	+10.3
Opina/Cadena SER^[99]	10 Sep 2002	1,000	46.3	43.6	10.1	+2.7
Opina/Cadena SER^[100]	27 Aug 2002	1,000	49.3	44.6	6.1	+4.7
Gallup^[146]	1–23 Aug 2002	2,008	31.0	49.0	20.0	−18.0
Gallup^[147]	2–29 Jul 2002	2,013	32.0	50.0	18.0	−18.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[101]	27 Jun 2002	1,000	44.6	46.6	8.8	−2.0
Gallup^[148]	1–24 Jun 2002	2,016	36.0	47.0	17.0	−11.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[101]	21 Jun 2002	?	40.2	50.7	9.1	−10.5
Opina/Cadena SER^[101]	5 Jun 2002	1,000	45.8	44.5	9.7	+1.3
Opina/Cadena SER^[102]	22 May 2002	1,000	47.0	42.1	10.9	+4.9
Gallup^[149]	3–22 May 2002	2,010	38.0	42.0	20.0	−4.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[103]	8 May 2002	1,000	53.3	38.4	8.3	+14.9
Opina/Cadena SER^[104]	24 Apr 2002	1,000	52.2	37.2	10.6	+15.0
Gallup^[150]	1–23 Apr 2002	2,017	36.0	43.0	21.0	−7.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[105]	10 Apr 2002	1,000	51.0	39.5	9.5	+11.5
Gallup^[151]	4–27 Mar 2002	2,029	35.0	45.0	20.0	−10.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[106]	26 Mar 2002	1,000	52.4	40.5	7.1	+11.9
Opina/Cadena SER^[107]	12 Mar 2002	1,000	50.9	37.5	11.6	+13.4
Opina/Cadena SER^[108]	27 Feb 2002	1,000	52.5	37.3	10.2	+15.2
Gallup^[152]	4–27 Feb 2002	2,030	39.0	43.0	18.0	−4.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[109]	13 Feb 2002	1,000	53.9	34.7	11.4	+19.2
Opina/Cadena SER^[110]	30 Jan 2002	1,000	54.5	34.0	11.5	+20.5
Gallup^[153]	4–29 Jan 2002	2,031	41.0	42.0	17.0	−1.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[111]	16 Jan 2002	1,000	50.4	38.3	11.3	+12.1
Opina/Cadena SER^[112]	3 Jan 2002	1,000	50.7	37.0	12.3	+13.7
Gallup^[154]^[155]^[156]	3–28 Dec 2001	2,020	35.0	46.0	19.0	−11.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[113]	5 Dec 2001	1,000	46.8	40.3	12.9	+6.5
Gallup^[157]^[158]^[159]	2–28 Nov 2001	2,021	37.0	41.0	22.0	−4.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[114]	20 Nov 2001	1,000	51.9	37.0	11.1	+14.9
Opina/Cadena SER^[115]	7 Nov 2001	1,000	53.0	35.4	11.6	+17.6
Gallup^[160]^[161]^[162]	1–30 Oct 2001	2,016	37.0	41.0	22.0	−4.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[116]	24 Oct 2001	1,000	53.2	34.5	12.3	+18.7
Opina/Cadena SER^[116]	2 Oct 2001	?	52.1	35.8	12.1	+16.3
Gallup^[163]^[164]^[165]	6–27 Sep 2001	2,027	40.0	39.0	21.0	+1.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[117]	18 Sep 2001	1,000	54.0	30.3	15.7	+23.7
Opina/Cadena SER^[118]	5 Sep 2001	1,000	50.9	39.5	9.6	+11.4
Gallup^[166]^[167]^[168]	2–30 Jul 2001	2,024	37.0	45.0	18.0	−8.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[169]	30 Jun 2001	1,000	51.6	33.9	14.5	+17.7
Gallup^[170]^[171]^[172]	6–27 Jun 2001	2,008	39.0	43.0	18.0	−4.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[173]	13 Jun 2001	1,000	57.0	31.1	11.9	+25.9
Opina/Cadena SER^[174]	30 May 2001	1,000	53.4	36.6	10.0	+16.8
Gallup^[175]^[176]^[177]	4–25 May 2001	2,031	39.0	38.0	23.0	+1.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[178]	14 May 2001	1,000	56.2	35.2	8.6	+21.0
Gallup^[179]^[180]^[181]	4–25 Apr 2001	2,026	37.0	41.0	22.0	−4.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[182]	24 Apr 2001	?	52.1	36.5	11.4	+15.6
Opina/Cadena SER^[183]	11 Apr 2001	?	52.9	32.7	14.4	+20.2
Opina/Cadena SER^[184]	4 Apr 2001	?	52.8	35.4	11.8	+17.4
Gallup^[185]^[186]^[187]	5–30 Mar 2001	2,026	37.0	39.0	24.0	−2.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[188]	7 Mar 2001	?	51.7	38.1	10.2	+13.6
Gallup^[189]^[190]^[191]	1–26 Feb 2001	2,036	38.0	40.0	22.0	−2.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[192]	7 Feb 2001	?	51.8	37.1	11.1	+14.7
Gallup^[193]^[194]^[195]	8–27 Jan 2001	2,028	41.0	39.0	20.0	+2.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[192]	24 Jan 2001	?	48.9	37.9	13.2	+11.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[192]	16 Jan 2001	?	52.2	36.0	11.8	+16.2
Gallup^[194]	7–24 Dec 2000	?	43.0	39.0	18.0	+4.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[192]	20 Dec 2000	?	53.9	34.5	11.6	+19.4
Opina/Cadena SER^[192]	5 Dec 2000	?	52.4	35.4	12.2	+17.0
Opina/Cadena SER^[192]	22 Nov 2000	?	54.7	33.0	12.3	+21.7
Opina/Cadena SER^[192]	8 Nov 2000	?	54.3	32.8	12.9	+21.5
Gallup^[196]^[197]^[198]	1–27 Sep 2000	2,025	43.0	35.0	22.0	+8.0