List of poisonous mushroom species
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This is a compendium of poisonous mushrooms. See also mushroom poisoning.
List of toxic mushroom species
There are 118 poisonous fungus species listed below.
| Scientific name | Common name | Active agent | Distribution | Similar edible species | Picture |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agaricus californicus | California Agaricus | phenol and xanthodermin | North America | Edible Agaricus species |  |
| Agaricus hondensis[1] | Felt-ringed Agaricus | phenol and xanthodermin | North America | Edible Agaricus species |  |
| Agaricus menieri | phenol and xanthodermin | Europe | Edible Agaricus species | ||
| Agaricus moelleri[2] | Inky Mushroom | phenol and xanthodermin | Europe | Edible Agaricus species |  |
| Agaricus phaeolepidotus | phenol and xanthodermin | Europe | Edible Agaricus species | ||
| Agaricus placomyces | phenol and xanthodermin | North America and Europe | Edible Agaricus species |  | |
| Agaricus xanthodermus[1][3] | Yellow-staining mushroom | phenol and xanthodermin[4][5] | worldwide | Edible Agaricus species |  |
| Amanita abrupta | American abrupt-bulbed Lepidella | L-2-amino-4-pentynoic acid and 2-Amino-4,5-hexadienoic acid[6] | North America | Edible Agaricus species |  |
| Amanita aprica | Sunshine amanita | muscarine and ibotenic acid[7] (maybe not muscarine but muscimol) | North America |  | |
| Amanita boudieri | Boudier's lepidella | A. smithiana toxin[6] | Europe | Edible Agaricus species | .jpg) |
| Amanita chlorinosma [8] | Chlorine Lepidella | Eastern United States |  | ||
| Amanita citrina | False Death Cap | bufotenin[9] | Europe and North America |  | |
| Amanita cokeri | Coker's amanita | 2-amino-3-cyclopropylbutanoic acid and 2-amino-5-chloro-4-pentenoic acid[10] | North America | Amanita vittadinii
Edible Agaricus species |
 |
| Amanita cothurnata | Booted amanita | muscimol and ibotenic acid[11] | North America |  | |
| Amanita echinocephala | European solitary amanita | A. smithiana toxin[6] | Europe, Western Asia and North Africa | Amanita vittadinii
Edible Agaricus species |
 |
| Amanita farinosa | Powdery Amanita | unknown | North America |  | |
| Amanita flavorubescens | unknown | North America | Amanita rubescens | ||
| Amanita gemmata | Gemmed Amanita | muscimol and ibotenic acid[12] | Europe, North Africa, Asia and North America |  | |
| Amanita gioiosa | Pebbly Soil Amanita | unknown (probably muscimol and ibotenic acid) | Europe and North Africa | .jpg) | |
| Amanita gracilior | European Slender Lepidella | A. smithiana toxin[6] | Europe | ||
| Amanita heterochroma | Eucalyptus fly agaric | unknown (probably muscimol and ibotenic acid) | Europe and North Africa | Amanita caesarea | |
| Amanita hongoi | Hongo's Amanita | unknown | Japan | ||
| Amanita ibotengutake | Japanese ringed-bulbed Amanita | muscimol and ibotenic acid[13] | Japan | ||
| Amanita muscaria | Fly agaric | muscimol and ibotenic acid[11] | Worldwide | Amanita caesarea |  |
| Amanita neoovoidea | East Asian egg amidella | 2-amino-4,5-hexadienoic acid[6] | East Asia | Amanita ovoidea |  |
| Amanita pantherina | Panther cap | muscimol and ibotenic acid[11] | Europe, North Africa, Eastern Asia
(a similar American species exist but is not published yet)[7] |
Amanita rubescens |  |
| Amanita porphyria | Grey veiled Amanita | unknown (probably bufotenin) | North America and Europe |  | |
| Amanita pseudoporphyria | Hongo's false death cap | 2-amino-4,5-hexadienoic acid[6] | Asia |  | |
| Amanita pseudoregalis | False royal fly agaric | unknown (probably muscimol and ibotenic acid) | Europe | Amanita rubescens | |
| Amanita pseudorubescens | False blusher | unknown | Europe | Amanita rubescens | |
| Amanita regalis | Royal fly agaric | muscimol and ibotenic acid[14] | Europe and Alaska | Amanita rubescens |  |
| Amanita smithiana | Smith's Amanita | A. smithiana toxin and 2-amino-4,5-hexadienoic acid[6] | North America |  | |
| Ampulloclitocybe clavipes | Club-footed clitocybe | unknown | North America and Europe | Infundibulicybe geotropa | _Redhead,_Lutzoni,_Moncalvo_&_Vilgalys_274294.jpg) |
| Clathrus ruber [15] | |||||
| Chlorophyllum molybdites | Green-spored parasol | unknown | worldwide (very rare in Europe) | Chlorophyllum rhacodes
Chlorophyllum olivieri |
_Massee_415792.jpg) |
| Clitocybe cerussata | muscarine[16] | Europe | Clitopilus prunulus | ||
| Clitocybe dealbata | Ivory Funnel | muscarine[16][17][better source needed] | Europe | Clitopilus prunulus |  |
| Coprinopsis alopecia | coprine | Europe | |||
| Coprinopsis atramentaria | Common ink cap | coprine[18] | North America, Europe, Asia and Australia |  | |
| Coprinopsis romagnesiana | Scaly ink cap | coprine | Europe | _Redhead,_Vilgalys_&_Moncalvo_10285.jpg) | |
| Cortinarius bolaris | unknown | Europe |  | ||
| Cortinarius callisteus | Tawny Webcap | unknown | Europe | Cantharellus spp. | _Fr_117636.jpg) |
| Cortinarius cinnabarinus | unknown | Europe | Laccaria laccata |  | |
| Cortinarius cinnamomeofulvus | unknown | Europe | Craterellus tubaeformis | ||
| Cortinarius cinnamomeoluteus | unknown | Europe | Craterellus tubaeformis |  | |
| Cortinarius cinnamomeus | Cinnamon webcap | unknown | North America and Europe | Craterellus tubaeformis | .jpg) |
| Cortinarius cruentus | unknown | Europe | |||
| Cortinarius gentilis | unknown | Europe | Cantharellus spp. |  | |
| Cortinarius limonius | unknown | North America and Europe | Cantharellus spp. | _Fr_361131.jpg) | |
| Cortinarius malicorius | unknown | Europe | Craterellus tubaeformis |  | |
| Cortinarius mirandus | unknown | Europe |  | ||
| Cortinarius palustris | unknown | Europe | Craterellus tubaeformis | ||
| Cortinarius phoeniceus | unknown | Europe |  | ||
| Cortinarius rubicundulus | unknown | North America and Europe | Cantharellus spp. | _A._Pearson_303395.jpg) | |
| Cortinarius smithii | Smith's Cortinarius | unknown | North America |  | |
| Cudonia circinans | gyromitrin and monomethylhydrazine[19] | North America, Europe and Asia | Morchella spp.
Cantharellus spp. |
 | |
| Gyromitra perlata | Pig's ears | gyromitrin and monomethylhydrazine[19] | North America and Europe | Disciotis venosa | _Fr_93104.jpg) |
| Echinoderma asperum | Freckled dapperling | unknown | North America Europe, Asia and Oceania | Macrolepiota procera |  |
| Echinoderma calcicola | unknown | Europe | Macrolepiota procera | ||
| Entoloma albidum | unknown | North America | Calocybe gambosa
Clitocybe multiceps |
||
| Entoloma rhodopolium | Wood pinkgill | unknown | Europe and Asia | Entoloma sarcopum |  |
| Entoloma sinuatum | Livid Entoloma | unknown | North America, Europe and Asia | Calocybe gambosa
Clitocybe multiceps |
 |
| Hebeloma crustuliniforme | Poison pie | unknown | North America, Europe and Australia | Calocybe gambosa | _Quél_272561_crop.jpg) |
| Hebeloma sinapizans | Rough-stalked hebeloma | unknown | North America and Europe | Calocybe gambosa |  |
| Helvella crispa | Elfin saddle | unknown | Europe |  | |
| Helvella dryophila | Oak-loving elfin saddle | unknown | North America | Morchella spp. |  |
| Helvella lactea | unknown | North America and Europe | .jpg) | ||
| Helvella lacunosa | Slate grey saddle | unknown | worldwide | Morchella spp. | .jpg) |
| Helvella vespertina | Western black elfin saddle | unknown | North America | Morchella spp. |  |
| Hapalopilus nidulans | Tender nesting polypore | polyporic acid[20] | worldwide (except South America) | Fistulina hepatica | _white_spores_and_c_-_panoramio.jpg) |
| Hypholoma fasciculare | Sulphur tuft | fasciculol E and fasciculol F[21] | worldwide | Hypholoma capnoides |  |
| Hypholoma lateritium | Brick cap | fasciculol B & fasciculol C[22] | North America, Europe and Asia | Hypholoma capnoides |  |
| Hypholoma marginatum | unknown | Europe | Hypholoma capnoides | _J._Schröt_191080.jpg) | |
| Hypholoma radicosum | unknown | Europe | Hypholoma capnoides |  | |
| Imperator rhodopurpureus | unknown | Europe | Neoboletus erythropus |  | |
| Imperator torosus | Brawny Bolete | unknown | Europe | Neoboletus erythropus |  |
| Inocybe fibrosa | muscarine | Europe | Tricholoma columbetta |  | |
| Inocybe geophylla | Earthy inocybe | muscarine[23] | North America and Europe | Clitopilus prunulus |  |
| Inocybe hystrix | muscarine | North, Central America and Europe | _Karsten_172120.jpg) | ||
| Inocybe lacera | Torn fibercap | muscarine | North America and Europe |  | |
| Inocybe lilacina | muscarine | North America | Laccaria amethysteo-occidentalis |  | |
| Inocybe sublilacina | muscarine | North America, Europe | Laccaria amethysteo-occidentalis |  | |
| Inocybe rimosa | Straw-Colored Fiber Head | muscarine[23] | Europe and Asia | Marasmius oreades | _P._Kumm_185170.jpg) |
| Inocybe sambucina | muscarine | Europe | Tricholoma columbetta | ||
| Lactarius torminosus | Woolly milkcap | velleral | North America, Europe, Asia and North Africa | Lactarius deliciosus |  |
| Leucocoprinus birnbaumii [8] | Flowerpot Parasol | Eastern United States | |||
| Mycena diosma | unknown (probably puraquinonic acid) | Europe | Laccaria amethystina |  | |
| Mycena pelianthina[24] | Blackedge Bonnet | Norway | |||
| Mycena pura | Lilac bonnet | puraquinonic acid and psilocybin[25][26] | Europe | Laccaria amethystina | .JPG) |
| Mycena rosea | Rosy bonnet | unknown (probably puraquinonic acid) | Europe | Laccaria amethystina |  |
| Neonothopanus nambi | unknown | South America | |||
| Panaeolus cinctulus | banded mottlegill | psilocybin and psilocin | North America, Europe, Africa and Australia | Marasmius oreades | _Britzelm_461676.jpg) |
| Psilocybe semilanceata | Liberty cap | psilocybin, psilocin, and baeocystin[27] | America, Europe, Asia and Oceania |  | |
| Omphalotus illudens | Jack-O'lantern mushroom | illudin S, illudin M, and muscarine[28] | North America and Europe | Cantharellus spp. | .jpg) |
| Omphalotus japonicus | Tsukiyotake | illudin S and illudin M[29][30][31] | Asia | Pleurotus ostreatus |  |
| Omphalotus nidiformis | Ghost fungus | illudin S, illudin M, and illudosin[32] | Oceania and India | Pleurotus ostreatus |  |
| Omphalotus olearius [8] | Jack-O'lantern mushroom | illudin S[33][34] | Europe | Cantharellus spp. |  |
| Omphalotus olivascens | Western jack-o'-lantern mushroom | illudin S[35] | America | Cantharellus spp. |  |
| Paralepistopsis acromelalga | acromelic acid | Japan | Paralepista flaccida
Paralepista gilva |
||
| Paralepistopsis amoenolens | Paralysis funnel | acromelic acid | North Africa and Europe | Paralepista flaccida | .jpg) |
| Pholiotina rugosa | amatoxins[36] | North America, Europe and Asia |  | ||
| Ramaria formosa | Beautiful clavaria | unknown | North America, Europe and Asia | Ramaria botrytis |  |
| Ramaria neoformosa | unknown | Europe | Ramaria botrytis |  | |
| Ramaria pallida | unknown | North America and Europe | Ramaria botrytis |  | |
| Rubroboletus legaliae | Le Gal's bolete | unknown (probably boletasine and muscarine) | Europe | Neoboletus erythropus |  |
| Rubroboletus lupinus | Wolves bolete | unknown (probably boletasine and muscarine) | Europe | Neoboletus erythropus |  |
| Rubroboletus pulcherrimus | unknown | North America | Neoboletus erythropus |  | |
| Rubroboletus satanas | Satan's bolete | boletasine and muscarine[37][38] | Europe | Neoboletus erythropus |  |
| Russula emetica | The sickener | lactarorufin A, methoxyfuranalcohol, and R. emetica unnamed compound[39] | North America, Europe, North Africa and Asia | Russula aurea |  |
| Russula subnigricans | unknown | ||||
| Sarcosphaera coronaria | Pink crown | North America, Europe, North Africa and Asia | .JPG) | ||
| Scleroderma citrinum | Common earthball | unknown | North America, Europe and Asia | Apioperdon pyriforme |  |
| Tricholoma equestre | Yellow knight | unknown | Europe |  | |
| Tricholoma pardinum | Tiger tricholoma | unknown | North America, Europe and Asia | Tricholoma terreum |  |
| Tricholoma muscarium | tricholomic acid and ibotenic acid[40][41] | Japan | |||
| Trogia venenata | Little white mushroom | unknown | China | ||
| Turbinellus floccosus | Woolly false chanterelle | norcaperatic acid[42] | North America and Eastern Asia | Gomphus clavatus
Cantharellus spp. |
_(15).jpg) |
| Turbinellus kauffmanii | norcaperatic acid[42] | North America | Gomphus clavatus
Cantharellus spp. |
.jpg) |
List of suspicious mushroom species
| Scientific name | Common name | Distribution | Picture |
|---|---|---|---|
| Agrocybe arenicola | Europe | ||
| Amanita albocreata | Ringless panther | North America |  |
| Amanita altipes | Yellow long-stem Amanita | China | |
| Amanita breckonii | North America |  | |
| Amanita ceciliae | Snakeskin grisette | North America and Europe |  |
| Amanita eliae | Fries's Amanita | Europe and North Africa |  |
| Amanita flavoconia | Yellow-dust Amanita | North America |  |
| Amanita frostiana | Frost's Amanita | North America | _Sacc_750397.jpg) |
| Amanita nehuta | Mahori dust Amanita | New Zealand |  |
| Amanita parcivolvata | Ringless False Fly Amanita | America |  |
| Amanita parvipantherina | Asian Small Panther Amanita | China | |
| Amanita petalinivolva | South America | ||
| Amanita roseotincta | North America |  | |
| Amanita rubrovolvata | Red volva Amanita | Asia |  |
| Amanita subfrostiana | False Frost's Amanita | China | |
| Amanita velatipes | Veiled-Bulb Amanita | North America |  |
| Amanita viscidolutea | South America | ||
| Amanita wellsii | Wells's Amanita | North America |  |
| Amanita xanthocephala | Vermilion grisette | Australia |  |
| Armillaria mellea[43] | Honey fungus | North America, Europe, Northern Asia and Australia |  |
| Calocera viscosa | Yellow stagshorn | North America, Europe and Asia |  |
| Chlorophyllum brunneum | Shaggy parasol | North America, Europe, Australia and Southern Africa |  |
| Choiromyces venosus | Europe | ||
| Clitocybe fragrans | Europe |  | |
| Clitocybe nebularis | Clouded agaric | North America and Europe |  |
| Conocybe subovalis | Europe |  | |
| Coprinellus micaceus | Mica cap | worldwide |  |
| Lactarius chrysorrheus | Yellowdrop milkcap | North America, Europe and North Africa |  |
| Lactarius helvus | Fenugreek milkcap | Europe and Asia |  |
| Lepiota cristata | Stinking dapperling | North America, Europe, Northern Africa, Northern Asia and New Zealand | _P._Kumm_186612.jpg) |
| Marasmius collinus | Europe | ||
| Russula olivacea[43] | North America, Europe and Asia | _Fr_67723.jpg) | |
| Russula viscida | Europe |  | |
| Schizophyllum commune | worldwide | _(33389628036).jpg) | |
| Stropharia aeruginosa[citation needed] | Verdigris agaric | North America and Europe |  |
| Suillus granulatus[43] | Weeping bolete | worldwide |  |
| Tricholoma sulphureum | Gas agaric | Europe and North America | .jpg) |
