National dish

Culinary dish strongly associated with a particular country From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A national dish is a culinary dish that is strongly associated with a particular country.[1] A dish can be considered a national dish for a variety of reasons:

A type of pizza (pizza margherita).

National dishes are part of a nation's identity and self-image.[2] For example, pizza is considered one of the national dishes of Italy and its variants are among the most popular foods in the world. During the age of European empire-building, nations would develop a national cuisine to distinguish themselves from their rivals.[3]

Some countries such as Mexico, China or India, because of their diverse ethnic populations, cultures, and cuisines, do not have a single national dish, even unofficially.[2] Furthermore, because national dishes are so interwoven into a nation's sense of identity, strong emotions and conflicts can arise when trying to choose a country's national dish.

By country

This is not a definitive list of national dishes, but rather a list of some foods that have been suggested to be national dishes.

A

Argentine empanadas
Austrian wiener schnitzel

B

Belgian frites with mayonnaise

C

Peking duck, China

D

Danish smørrebrød

E

F

Finnish Karjalanpaisti (Karelian hot pot)
Pot-au-feu, national dish of France

G

H

Hungarian goulash

I

Satay, one of the national dishes of Indonesia
A dish of pasta (carbonara). Pasta is considered one of the national dishes of Italy

J

Sushi, Japan

K

Korean kimchi

L

Tabbouleh, Lebanon

M

Nasi lemak, a national dish of Malaysia.

N

Dhido, Nepal

O

P

Philippine adobo, a national dish of the Philippines

Q

R

S

Swedish crayfish called Kräftskiva

T

Tom yum kung, national dish of Thailand

U

A Sunday roast – in this example, roast beef with mashed potatoes, vegetables is a national dish of the United Kingdom – here with Yorkshire pudding marking this variation as English.

V

Y

Z

Latin American dishes

In Latin America, dishes may be claimed or designated as a plato nacional,[359] although in many cases, recipes transcend national borders with only minor variations.[citation needed] Preparations of ceviche are endemic in Peru and Ecuador, while a thin cut of beef known as matambre is considered close to being a national dish in Paraguay.[360] Stews of meat, plantains, and root vegetables are the platos nacionales of several countries in Central America, South America, and the Caribbean: Colombian ajiaco, as well as the sancocho of the Dominican Republic, Colombia, and Panama, are examples of platos nacionales. Janer (2008) observes that this sharing of the same plato nacional by different countries calls into question the idea that every country has a unique national dish that is special to that country; she states that cuisine does not respect national and geopolitical borders.[2]

The identification of Latin American national dishes is stronger among expatriate communities in North America.[2] In Latin American countries, the plato nacional[361] is usually part of the cuisine of rural and peasant communities, and not necessarily part of the everyday cuisine of city dwellers. In expatriate communities, the dish is strongly reclaimed in order to retain the sense of national identity and ties to one's homeland, and is proudly served in homes and restaurants. By this show of national identity, the community can resist social pressures that push for homogenization of many ethnically and culturally diverse communities into a single all-encompassing group identity, such as Latino or Hispanic American.[2]

Gallery

Drink

National drinks

Main article: List of national drinks
The espresso is a national drink of Italy. Its name comes from the Italian esprimere, which means "to express," and refers to the process by which hot water is forced under pressure through ground coffee.[363]

A national drink is a distinct beverage that is strongly associated with a particular country, and can be part of their national identity and self-image. These drinks can be either alcoholic or non-alcoholic. Alcoholic national drinks might be spirits consumed straight (like vodka in Russia), but more often, they are mixed drinks (such as caipirinhas in Brazil and Singapore Slings in Singapore), beer, or wine. Non-alcoholic national drinks include Coca-Cola in the United States, boba tea in Taiwan, and Thai iced tea in Thailand.

Several factors can qualify a beverage as a national drink:

  • Regional ingredients and popularity: The drink is made from locally sourced ingredients and is commonly consumed, such as mango lassi in India, which uses dahi, a traditional yogurt.[364]
  • Unique local ingredients: The beverage contains an exotic ingredient that is unique to the region.
  • Cultural tradition: The drink plays a significant role in festive traditions and cultural heritage.
  • Official promotion: The country actively promotes the drink as a national symbol.

Choosing a single national drink can be challenging for some countries due to their diverse cultures and populations, such as Mexico or India. Conversely, some beverages, like pisco sour, are claimed by more than one country—both Peru and Chile, in this case.

See also

References

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