Portal:Venezuela

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The Venezuela Portal


Flag of Venezuela
Flag of Venezuela

Venezuela, officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and various islands and islets in the Caribbean Sea. It comprises an area of 912,050 km2 (352,140 sq mi), with a population estimated at 31.8 million in 2025.[verification needed] The capital and largest urban agglomeration is Caracas. The continental territory is bordered on the north by the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean, on the west by Colombia, Brazil on the south, Trinidad and Tobago to the north-east, and on the east by Guyana. Venezuela consists of 23 states, the Capital District, and federal dependencies covering Venezuela's offshore islands. Venezuela is among the most urbanized countries in Latin America; the vast majority of Venezuelans live in the cities of the north, including in the capital.

The territory of Venezuela was colonized by Spain in 1522, amid resistance from Indigenous peoples. In 1811, it became one of the first Spanish-American territories to declare independence from the Spanish and to form part of the first federal Republic of Colombia (Gran Colombia). It separated as a fully sovereign country in 1830. During the 19th century, Venezuela suffered political turmoil and autocracy, remaining dominated by regional military dictators until the mid-20th century. From 1958, the country had a series of democratic governments, as an exception where most of the region was ruled by military dictatorships, and the period was characterized by economic prosperity. Economic shocks in the 1980s and 1990s led to major political crises and widespread social unrest, including the deadly Caracazo riots of 1989, two attempted coups in 1992, and the impeachment of a president for embezzlement of public funds charges in 1993. Confidence in the existing political parties collapsed during the 1998 Venezuelan presidential election, in which Hugo Chávez was elected and which became the catalyst for the Bolivarian Revolution. During the 1999 Constituent Assembly, a new Constitution of Venezuela was written and ratified.

Venezuela is officially a federal presidential republic, but has experienced democratic backsliding into an authoritarian state under the Chávez and Maduro administrations. It ranks poorly on international measurements of freedom of the press, civil liberties, and control of corruption. Venezuela is a developing country, has the world's largest known oil reserves, and has been one of the world's leading exporters of oil. Previously, the country was an underdeveloped exporter of agricultural commodities such as coffee and cocoa, but oil quickly came to dominate exports and government revenues. Venezuela struggles with hyperinflation, shortages of basic goods, unemployment, poverty, disease, high child mortality, malnutrition, environmental issues, severe crime, widespread corruption, and U.S. sanctions which have precipitated the Venezuelan refugee crisis where more than 7.9 million people had fled the country. The crisis in Venezuela has contributed to a rapidly deteriorating human rights situation. (Full article...)

Venezuela competed at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo. Originally scheduled to take place from 24 July to 9 August 2020, the Games were postponed to 23 July to 8 August 2021, due to the COVID-19 pandemic. It was the nation's nineteenth consecutive appearance at the Summer Olympics.

With four medals, including a gold, the 2020 Games was Venezuela's best performance in its participation history. Triple jumper Yulimar Rojas broke the women's world record with a 15.67 m (51 ft 4+34 in) jump. Veteran freestyle BMX cyclist Daniel Dhers, who helped get the sport into the Olympic Games, took a silver medal in the event at its debut. Another two silver medals were won in weightlifting categories, by Julio Mayora and Keydomar Vallenilla; all Venezuela's weightlifters achieved top eight finishes. (Full article...)

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The San Carlos de la Barra Fortress is a seventeenth century star fort protecting Lake Maracaibo in Venezuela, one of a number of coastal fortifications built by the Spanish in colonial times. It was built in 1623 with limestone rocks, brought from the Island of Toas, at the entrance to the Maracaibo bar.

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Guillermo Trujillo Durán (10 February 1878 – 11 February 1967) was a Venezuelan poet and politician. He is also remembered for his work in journalism and film, alongside his brother Manuel Trujillo Durán. He worked as editor for several Maracaibo-based publications and published some collections of poetry. In politics, he first served in the government of Zulia before entering the National Assembly, where he was Vice-President on two occasions.

In 1930, he was awarded one of the highest honors for civilian services to Venezuela, being made a Grand Officer of the Order of the Liberator. (Full article...)

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Portrait of Antonio José de Sucre

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Román Chalbaud worked in Venezuelan film, television and theatre, starting in 1951 and continuing to direct, write, and produce works until his death in 2023. Though most famous for his Golden Age films, he is also renowned in Venezuela as part of the "Holy Trinity" of theater for his contributions not only in playwriting, but also in direction and production. Besides these, he wrote and created many television series and telenovelas, and occasionally acted in both his own and his contemporaries' works. Chalbaud's continuing work into his old age may be due to his affiliation with the successive Venezuelan governments, which have funded his works since such programs began. (Full article...)

Current events

26 June 2026 – 2026 Venezuela earthquakes
The confirmed toll of the June 24 earthquakes in Venezuela rises to 920 people killed and over 3,360 injured, with 51,000 reported missing. (CTV News) (Reuters)
25 June 2026 – 2026 Venezuela earthquakes
The confirmed toll of yesterday's earthquakes in Venezuela rises to 188 people killed, over 1000 people injured, and more than 36,000 others believed to be missing. (Al Jazeera) (Reuters)
24 June 2026 – 2026 Venezuela earthquakes
A doublet earthquake, consisting of a Mw 7.2 foreshock and a Mw 7.5 mainshock, strikes Yaracuy, Venezuela. Severe damage and collapsed buildings are recorded in Caracas, with casualties being unknown. (AP) (The New York Times)
12 June 2026 – War on cartels
U.S. president Donald Trump announces that a joint U.S.–Venezuela operation has killed Tren de Aragua leader Niño Guerrero. (Politico)

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Venezuelan patrol boat Naiguatá

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