ウェインベルギナ

ウェインベルギナはハラフシカブトガニ類（Synziphosurina）という広義のカブトガニ類に含まれ、基盤的な真鋏角類をも含んだ側系統群に分類された化石鋏角類の1つである。その中でもウェインベルギナはかなり基盤的で、オファコルスとディバステリウムに次いて、他のカブトガニ類・Chasmataspidida類・ウミサソリ類・クモガタ類に至る系統群よりも早期に分岐していたとされる^{[5][6][10][11][12][2]}。本属の脚に対しては前述の通り「6対がある」と「歩脚状の外肢がある」という2つの解釈があるが、いずれも真鋏角類の祖先形質とされるため、どれか正解だとしても本属の基盤的な系統位置を支持している^[6]。

ウェインベルギナ属 Weinbergina は Weinbergina opitzi という1種のみによって知られ、ウェインベルギナ科 Weinberginidae に含まれる^[3][4]。この科はかつて本属の他に Legrandella と Willwerathia をも含んでいた^[4]が、いずれも系統解析に別系統とされる^{[5][6][10][11][12][2]}。

1. 1 2 Dunlop, J. A., Penney, D. & Jekel, D. 2020. A summary list of fossil spiders and their relatives. In World Spider Catalog. Natural History Museum Bern, online at http://wsc.nmbe.ch, version 20.5
2. 1 2 3 Bicknell, Russell D. C.; Pates, Stephen (2020). “Pictorial Atlas of Fossil and Extant Horseshoe Crabs, With Focus on Xiphosurida” (English). Frontiers in Earth Science 8. doi:10.3389/feart.2020.00098. ISSN 2296-6463. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2020.00098/full. 
3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Stürmer, Wilhelm; Bergström, Jan (1981-12). “Weinbergina, a xiphosuran arthropod from the devonian hunsrück slate” (ドイツ語). Paläontologische Zeitschrift 55 (3-4): 237–255. doi:10.1007/BF02988142. ISSN 0031-0220. http://www.museunacional.ufrj.br/mndi/Aracnologia/Xiphosura/St%FCrmer_&_Bergstr%F6m%201981_Weinbergina.pdf. 
4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Moore, Rachel A.; Briggs, Derek E. G.; Bartels, Christoph (2005). “A new specimen of Weinbergina opitzi (Chelicerata: Xiphosura) from the Lower Devonian Hunsriick Slate, Germany” (英語). Paläontologische Zeitschrift 79 (3): 399–408. ISSN 0031-0220. https://www.academia.edu/34194640/A_new_specimen_ofWeinbergina_opitzi_Chelicerata_Xiphosura_from_the_Lower_Devonian_Hunsriick_Slate_Germany. 
5. 1 2 3 4 Lamsdell, James C. (2013-01-01). “Revised systematics of Palaeozoic ‘horseshoe crabs’ and the myth of monophyletic Xiphosura” (英語). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 167 (1): 1–27. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2012.00874.x. ISSN 0024-4082. https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article/167/1/1/2420794. 
6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Selden, Paul A.; Lamsdell, James C.; Qi, Liu (2015). “An unusual euchelicerate linking horseshoe crabs and eurypterids, from the Lower Devonian (Lochkovian) of Yunnan, China” (英語). Zoologica Scripta 44 (6): n/a–n/a. ISSN 0300-3256. https://www.academia.edu/14633144/An_unusual_euchelicerate_linking_horseshoe_crabs_and_eurypterids_from_the_Lower_Devonian_Lochkovian_of_Yunnan_China. 
7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Dunlop, Jason A.; Lamsdell, James C.. “Segmentation and tagmosis in Chelicerata” (英語). Arthropod Structure & Development 46 (3): 395. ISSN 1467-8039. https://www.academia.edu/28212892/Segmentation_and_tagmosis_in_Chelicerata. 
8. ↑ Sutton, Mark D.; Briggs, Derek E. G.; Siveter, David J.; Siveter, Derek J.; Orr, Patrick J. (2002-06-22). “The arthropod Offacolus kingi (Chelicerata) from the Silurian of Herefordshire, England: computer based morphological reconstructions and phylogenetic affinities” (英語). Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 269 (1497): 1195–1203. doi:10.1098/rspb.2002.1986. ISSN 0962-8452. PMC 1691018. PMID 12065034. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/11309576_The_arthropod_Offacolus_kingi_Chelicerata_from_the_Silurian_of_Herefordshire_England_computer_based_morphological_reconstructions_and_phylogenetic_affinities. 
9. ↑ Briggs, Derek E. G.; Siveter, Derek J.; Siveter, David J.; Sutton, Mark D.; Garwood, Russell J.; Legg, David (2012-09-25). “Silurian horseshoe crab illuminates the evolution of arthropod limbs” (英語). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 109 (39): 15702–15705. doi:10.1073/pnas.1205875109. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 3465403. PMID 22967511. https://www.pnas.org/content/109/39/15702. 
10. 1 2 3 Lamsdell, James C.; Briggs, Derek E. G.; Liu, Huaibao P.; Witzke, Brian J.; McKay, Robert M. (2015-10). “A new Ordovician arthropod from the Winneshiek Lagerstätte of Iowa (USA) reveals the ground plan of eurypterids and chasmataspidids” (英語). The Science of Nature 102 (9-10): 63. doi:10.1007/s00114-015-1312-5. ISSN 0028-1042. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/282127302_A_new_Ordovician_arthropod_from_the_Winneshiek_Lagerstatte_of_Iowa_USA_reveals_the_ground_plan_of_eurypterids_and_chasmataspidids. 
11. 1 2 3 Lamsdell, James C. (2016-03). Zhang, Xi-Guang. ed. “Horseshoe crab phylogeny and independent colonizations of fresh water: ecological invasion as a driver for morphological innovation” (英語). Palaeontology 59 (2): 181–194. doi:10.1111/pala.12220. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/284245132_Horseshoe_crab_phylogeny_and_independent_colonizations_of_fresh_water_Ecological_invasion_as_a_driver_for_morphological_innovation. 
12. 1 2 3 “Revision of “Bellinurus” carteri (Chelicerata: Xiphosura) from the Late Devonian of Pennsylvania, USA” (英語). Comptes Rendus Palevol 18 (8): 967–976. (2019-12-01). doi:10.1016/j.crpv.2019.08.002. ISSN 1631-0683. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1631068319301344. 

• 鋏角類
  • 節口類
    • カブトガニ類