ハプログループQ-M120 (Y染色体)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
ハプログループQ-M120は、東アジアにおいて全体として低い頻度で観測される。一方で、東ヨーロッパ（モルドバ）のキンメリア人[2]や中世ハンガリーのマジャル人[3]、バイカル湖南部に位置するフブスグル地域の青銅器時代の人骨[1]からの検出例も報告されており、この父系系統がかつてユーラシアステップ全域に広範に分布していた可能性が示唆されている[2]。このほか、 韓国群山市堂北里甕棺墓（紀元後六世紀・朝鮮三国時代の百濟国領内）出土のGUC002(おそらくGUC001とGUC003も)がこのハプログループに属している。
アラスカのツィムシアン族（英語版）において、Q-M120に最も近縁なQ-pre-M120という稀な系統が検出されている[4]。
各民族における頻度
- ニヴフ人（サハリン島） 8.1%,[5]
- ドンガン人（キルギス） 7.5%,[6]
- 漢民族 1.8%~7.1%,[7]
- コリャーク人 5%,[5]
- キン族（ホーチミン市） 4.3%,[8]
- バローチ人（スィースターン・バルーチェスターン州） 4.2%,[9]
- トゥバ人 4.17%,[10]
- グルジア人（ジョージア） 3.8%,[11]
- エヴェンキ（サハ共和国） 3.5%,[5]
- チベット民族 1.3%[12]~2.2%[7]
- 朝鮮民族 2.2%,[6]
- ウイグル人（新疆ウイグル自治区） 1.4%~2.0%,[13]
- モン族（ラオス） 1.96%,[14]
- グジャール族（英語版）（ジャンムー・カシミール州） 1.6%,[15]
- モンゴル人 1.25%,[16]
- カルムイク人 0.9%,[17]
- 日本人 0.38%,[18]
下位区分
脚注
- 1 2 3 4 Sun, Na; Ma, Peng-Cheng; Yan, Shi; Wen, Shao-Qing; Sun, Chang; Du, Pan-Xin; Cheng, Hui-Zhen; Deng, Xiao-Hua et al. (2019-04-03). “Phylogeography of Y-chromosome haplogroup Q1a1a-M120, a paternal lineage connecting populations in Siberia and East Asia” (英語). Annals of Human Biology 46 (3): 261–266. doi:10.1080/03014460.2019.1632930. ISSN 0301-4460. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/03014460.2019.1632930.
- 1 2 Mai, La‐Su; Zhang, Xian‐Peng; Liu, Kai‐Jun; Ma, Peng‐Cheng; Li, Hui; Sun, Jin; Wei, Lan‐Hai (2024-09-25). “Traces of Bronze Age globalization in East Asia: Insights from a revised phylogeography of the Y‐chromosome haplogroup Q1a1a‐M120” (英語). Annals of Human Genetics. doi:10.1111/ahg.12580. ISSN 0003-4800. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ahg.12580.
- ↑ Maróti, Zoltán; Neparáczki, Endre; Schütz, Oszkár; Maár, Kitti; Varga, Gergely I.B.; Kovács, Bence; Kalmár, Tibor; Nyerki, Emil et al. (2022-07). “The genetic origin of Huns, Avars, and conquering Hungarians”. Current Biology 32 (13): 2858–2870.e7. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2022.04.093. ISSN 0960-9822. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0960982222007321.
- ↑ Grugni, Viola; Raveane, Alessandro; Ongaro, Linda; Battaglia, Vincenza; Trombetta, Beniamino; Colombo, Giulia; Capodiferro, Marco Rosario; Olivieri, Anna et al. (2019-01-24). “Analysis of the human Y-chromosome haplogroup Q characterizes ancient population movements in Eurasia and the Americas”. BMC Biology 17 (1): 3. doi:10.1186/s12915-018-0622-4. ISSN 1741-7007. PMC 6345020. PMID 30674303. https://bmcbiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12915-018-0622-4.
- 1 2 3 Kharkov, V. N.; Kolesnikov, N. A.; Valikhova, L. V.; Zarubin, A. A.; Sukhomyasova, A. L.; Khitrinskaya, I. Yu.; Stepanov, V. A. (2024-10-09). “Traces of Paleolithic expansion in the Nivkh gene pool based on data on autosomal SNP and Y chromosome polymorphism”. Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding 28 (6): 659–666. doi:10.18699/vjgb-24-73. ISSN 2500-3259. PMC 11496309. PMID 39445096. https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4295.
- 1 2 Wells, R. Spencer; Yuldasheva, Nadira; Ruzibakiev, Ruslan; Underhill, Peter A.; Evseeva, Irina; Blue-Smith, Jason; Jin, Li; Su, Bing et al. (2001-08-28). “The Eurasian Heartland: A continental perspective on Y-chromosome diversity” (英語). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 98 (18): 10244–10249. doi:10.1073/pnas.171305098. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 56946. PMID 11526236. https://pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.171305098.
- 1 2 Su, Bing; Xiao, Chunjie; Deka, Ranjan; Seielstad, Mark T.; Kangwanpong, Daoroong; Xiao, Junhua; Lu, Daru; Underhill, Peter et al. (2000-12-01). “Y chromosome haplotypes reveal prehistorical migrations to the Himalayas” (英語). Human Genetics 107 (6): 582–590. doi:10.1007/s004390000406. ISSN 1432-1203. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s004390000406.
- ↑ Poznik, G. David; Xue, Yali; Mendez, Fernando L.; Willems, Thomas F.; Massaia, Andrea; Wilson Sayres, Melissa A.; Ayub, Qasim; McCarthy, Shane A. et al. (2016-06). “Punctuated bursts in human male demography inferred from 1,244 worldwide Y-chromosome sequences” (英語). Nature Genetics 48 (6): 593–599. doi:10.1038/ng.3559. ISSN 1546-1718. PMC 4884158. PMID 27111036. https://www.nature.com/articles/ng.3559.
- ↑ Grugni, Viola; Battaglia, Vincenza; Kashani, Baharak Hooshiar; Parolo, Silvia; Al-Zahery, Nadia; Achilli, Alessandro; Olivieri, Anna; Gandini, Francesca et al. (2012-07-18). “Ancient Migratory Events in the Middle East: New Clues from the Y-Chromosome Variation of Modern Iranians” (英語). PLOS ONE 7 (7): e41252. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0041252. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 3399854. PMID 22815981. https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0041252.
- ↑ Luis, Javier Rodriguez; Palencia-Madrid, Leire; Garcia-Bertrand, Ralph; Herrera, Rene J. (2023-01-23). “Bidirectional dispersals during the peopling of the North American Arctic” (英語). Scientific Reports 13 (1): 1268. doi:10.1038/s41598-023-28384-8. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 9871004. PMID 36690673. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-28384-8.
- ↑ Alborova, I.E. et al. (October 2016). “FEATURES OF THE GENE POOL LAZ AND IMERETIANSS ACCORDING ABOUT Y-CHROMOSOME POLYMORPHISMS”. Modern problems of science and education: 315–315. https://science-education.ru/en/article/view?id=25241.
- ↑ Gayden, Tenzin; Cadenas, Alicia M.; Regueiro, Maria; Singh, Nanda B.; Zhivotovsky, Lev A.; Underhill, Peter A.; Cavalli-Sforza, Luigi L.; Herrera, Rene J. (2007-05). “The Himalayas as a Directional Barrier to Gene Flow”. The American Journal of Human Genetics 80 (5): 884–894. doi:10.1086/516757. ISSN 0002-9297. PMC 1852741. PMID 17436243. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0002929707609446.
- ↑ Zhong, H.; Shi, H.; Qi, X.-B.; Duan, Z.-Y.; Tan, P.-P.; Jin, L.; Su, B.; Ma, R. Z. (2011-01-01). “Extended Y Chromosome Investigation Suggests Postglacial Migrations of Modern Humans into East Asia via the Northern Route” (英語). Molecular Biology and Evolution 28 (1): 717–727. doi:10.1093/molbev/msq247. ISSN 0737-4038. https://academic.oup.com/mbe/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/molbev/msq247.
- ↑ Cai, Xiaoyun; Qin, Zhendong; Wen, Bo; Xu, Shuhua; Wang, Yi; Lu, Yan; Wei, Lanhai; Wang, Chuanchao et al. (2011-08-31). “Human Migration through Bottlenecks from Southeast Asia into East Asia during Last Glacial Maximum Revealed by Y Chromosomes” (英語). PLOS ONE 6 (8): e24282. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0024282. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 3164178. PMID 21904623. https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0024282.
- ↑ Sharma, Swarkar; Rai, Ekta; Bhat, Audesh K.; Bhanwer, Amarjit S.; Bamezai, Rameshwar NK (2007-11-19). “A novel subgroup Q5 of human Y-chromosomal haplogroup Q in India”. BMC Evolutionary Biology 7 (1): 232. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-7-232. ISSN 1471-2148. PMC 2258157. PMID 18021436. https://bmcecolevol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2148-7-232.
- ↑ Cristofaro, Julie Di; Pennarun, Erwan; Mazières, Stéphane; Myres, Natalie M.; Lin, Alice A.; Temori, Shah Aga; Metspalu, Mait; Metspalu, Ene et al. (2013-10-18). “Afghan Hindu Kush: Where Eurasian Sub-Continent Gene Flows Converge” (英語). PLOS ONE 8 (10): e76748. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0076748. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 3799995. PMID 24204668. https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0076748.
- ↑ Malyarchuk, Boris; Derenko, Miroslava; Denisova, Galina; Khoyt, Sanj; Woźniak, Marcin; Grzybowski, Tomasz; Zakharov, Ilya (2013-12). “Y-chromosome diversity in the Kalmyks at the ethnical and tribal levels” (英語). Journal of Human Genetics 58 (12): 804–811. doi:10.1038/jhg.2013.108. ISSN 1435-232X. https://www.nature.com/articles/jhg2013108.
- ↑ Nonaka, I.; Minaguchi, K.; Takezaki, N. (2007-07). “Y‐chromosomal Binary Haplogroups in the Japanese Population and their Relationship to 16 Y‐STR Polymorphisms” (英語). Annals of Human Genetics 71 (4): 480–495. doi:10.1111/j.1469-1809.2006.00343.x. ISSN 0003-4800. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1469-1809.2006.00343.x.
- ↑ “ISOGG 2018 Y-DNA Haplogroup Q”. isogg.org. 2024年11月17日閲覧。
