List of countries by past and projected GDP (nominal)

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This is an alphabetical list of countries by past and projected gross domestic product (nominal) as ranked by the IMF. Figures are based on official exchange rates, not on the purchasing power parity (PPP) methodology. Values are given in millions of United States dollars (USD) and have not been adjusted for inflation. These figures have been taken from the International Monetary Fund's World Economic Outlook (WEO) Database (April 2026 edition) and/or other sources.[1]

For older GDP trends, see List of regions by past GDP (PPP).

UN estimates (1970s)

The following Table is based on UN GDP data.[2][3]

* indicates "GDP of [country or territory]" or "Economy of [country or territory]" links.

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IMF estimates

1980s

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1990s

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2000s

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2010s

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2020s

The following list contains the various countries' projected GDP (nominal) from 2020 to 2029.[4] The projections for future years presume that government policies do not change, and assume specific values for oil prices, bond rates, and exchange rates.[5]

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2030s

The following list contains the various countries' projected GDP (nominal) from 2030 to 2031.[7] The projections for future years presume that government policies do not change, and assume specific values for oil prices, bond rates, and exchange rates.[8]

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Centre for Economics and Business Research estimate for 2040

The following table is a nominal GDP estimate for the top 190 largest economies in 2040 made by British think tank Centre for Economics and Business Research in December 2025.[10] Total GDP figures have been divided by UN population projections for the year 2040.[11]

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The 30 largest economies in the world (current prices in billions of USD)
Country2025Country2030Country2035Country2040
 United States30,767 United States37,677 United States44,016 United States52,852
 China19,626 China26,046 China36,250 China47,877
 Germany5,048 Germany6,178 India9,500 India14,092
 Japan4,435 India6,173 Germany6,707 Germany7,783
 United Kingdom4,003 United Kingdom5,148 United Kingdom5,584 United Kingdom6,784
 India3,916 Japan5,002 Japan5,259 Japan5,922
 France3,368 France4,004 France4,477 France5,203
 Russia2,587 Brazil3,203 Italy3,299 Indonesia4,182
 Italy2,550 Italy3,045 Brazil3,284 Brazil3,943
 Canada2,319 Canada3,008 Canada3,227 Canada3,818
 Brazil2,279 Russia2,591 Indonesia2,979 Italy3,771
 Spain1,903 Mexico2,548 Russia2,813 Spain3,373
 South Korea1,872 Australia2,483 Spain2,786 South Korea3,297
 Australia1,839 Spain2,472 South Korea2,754 Australia3,289
 Mexico1,832 South Korea2,266 Australia2,740 Mexico3,268
 Turkey1,597 Indonesia2,081 Mexico2,721 Russia3,247
 Indonesia1,445 Turkey1,933 Saudi Arabia2,250 Saudi Arabia2,890
 Netherlands1,332 Netherlands1,654 Netherlands1,824 Netherlands2,142
 Saudi Arabia1,276 Saudi Arabia1,649 Argentina1,575 Turkey2,053
 Switzerland1,043 Poland1,387 Turkey1,574 Argentina2,009
 Poland1,035 Switzerland1,346 Poland1,482 Poland1,828
 Taiwan920 Taiwan1,214 Switzerland1,372 Switzerland1,639
 Belgium724 Sweden909 Taiwan1,249 Taiwan1,521
 Ireland718 Ireland893 United Arab Emirates1,070 Philippines1,500
 Argentina681 Israel875 Philippines1,047 Bangladesh1,448
 Sweden668 Belgium863 Ireland1,017 United Arab Emirates1,412
 Israel610 Argentina833 Vietnam994 Vietnam1,407
 Singapore603 Singapore787 Bangladesh991 Ireland1,234
 Austria579 United Arab Emirates770 Belgium952 Belgium1,106
 Thailand577 Philippines715 Israel879 Israel1,063
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CIA estimates in 1990

GDP (Nominal) data in 1990, with some countries only GNP (Nominal) was provided by the CIA World Factbook.[12]

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GDP milestones by countries (in trillions USD)

The following is a list of countries reaching (or projected to reach) a certain threshold of nominal GDP in a specific year according to International Monetary Fund,[1] United Nations,[13] and World Bank.[14]

1–6 trillion

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1 trillion USD2 trillion USD3 trillion USD 4 trillion USD5 trillion USD 6 trillion USD
YearCountryYearCountryYearCountry Year CountryYearCountry Year Country
1969 United States1977 United States1980 European Union1984 United States1988 United States1990 European Union
1973 European Union1978 European Union1981 United States1987 European Union1989 European Union1991 United States
1979 Japan1986 Japan1988 Japan1993 Japan1995 Japan2010 China
1987 West Germany1992 Germany2006 Germany2008 China2009 China2011 Japan
1988 France2003 United Kingdom2007 China2018 Germany2025 Germany2029 Germany*
1989 United Kingdom2004 France2007 United Kingdom2025 United Kingdom2028 India*2030 India*
1990 Italy2005 China2021 India2026 India*2030 United Kingdom*
1998 China2007 Italy2023 France2030 France*
2004 Spain2010 Brazil2029 Brazil*
2004 Canada2011 Russia2030 Italy*
2006 Brazil2014 India2030 Canada*
2006 South Korea2021 Canada
2006 Russia2026 Australia*
2006 Mexico2026 Mexico*
2007 India2026 Spain*
2008 Australia2027 South Korea*
2017 Indonesia2030 Indonesia*
2021 Netherlands2031 Turkey*
2022 Saudi Arabia
2023 Turkey
2025 Switzerland
2025 Poland
2027 Taiwan*
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* Future projections are marked with an asterisk.

10–30 trillion

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10 trillion USD15 trillion USD20 trillion USD30 trillion USD
YearCountryYearCountryYearCountryYearCountry
2000 United States2008 European Union2018 United States2025 United States
2004 European Union2010 United States2025 European Union
2014 China2020 China2026 China*
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See also

References

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