List of wars involving the Democratic Republic of the Congo

• Msiri killed, end of the Yeke Kingdom

• Sudanese invasions of neighbours repelled
• Establishment of Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, a polity jointly ruled by Britain and Egypt
• Kassala temporarily occupied by Italy
• Congo secures the Lado Enclave until 1910

• Katanga and South Kasai reincorporated into the Congo, Stanleyville government exiled

• Defeat of the Simba Rebellion
• The Congo established as an independent unitary state under the authoritarian presidency of Mobutu Sese Seko.

• Mutiny crushed

• Mutiny crushed

Democratic People's Republic of Angola

• UNITA
• FNLA (from 1975)
  South Africa (from 1975)

Zaire (1975)^[10][11]

FLEC

People's Republic of Angola

• MPLA

Cuba (from 1975)
SWAPO (from 1975)^[12]
ANC (from 1975)^[13][12]
Executive Outcomes (until 1995)^[14]
FLNC (from 1975)^[15][11]

Supported by:

Congolese National Liberation Front (FNLC) Supported by:

• FNLC expelled from Shaba

FNLC

• Mutual end of support for other nations' rebel groups

• FAT (1978–1979)
• FAN (1978–1983)
• FANT (1983–1987)
• GUNT (1986–1987)

France
Inter-African Force

• Zaire
• Nigeria
• Senegal

NFSL

• Islamic Legion^[22]

Pro-Libyan Chadian factions

• FROLINAT
• GUNT (1979–1986)
• Codos (1983–1986)
• FAP (1978–1986)

Pro-Libyan Palestinian and Lebanese groups^[27]

• PLO (1987)^[28][29]
• Abu Nidal Organization^[27]

• Chad regains control of the Aouzou Strip.

Zaire

• FAZ
• White Legion

Sudan^[30]
Chad^[31]
Ex-FAR/ALiR
Interahamwe
CNDD-FDD^[32]
UNITA^[33]
ADF^[34]
FLNC^[35]
LRA^[36]
UNRF II
Supported by:
France
Central African Republic
China^[37]
Israel^[37]
Kuwait (denied)^[37]

Mai-Mai^[c]

Mai-Mai^[c]

• Overthrow of the Mobutu regime
• Zaire renamed back to the Democratic Republic of the Congo
• Installation of Laurent-Désiré Kabila as president
• Beginning of Second Congo War

Armed Forces of the Republic of the Congo (to October 1997)
Cocoye Militia
Ninja Militia
Nsiloulou
Supported by:
Jonas Savimbi
FLEC^[48]
Supported by:
DR Congo

• Denis Sassou Nguesso returns to power

• UPC

Uganda^[50]

DR Congo (FARDC)
UN (MONUC)
EU (Artemis)

Mai-Mai Simba

ADF
IS-CAP
Mai-Mai Kyandenga^[51]

• Assassination of Laurent-Désiré Kabila
• Sun City Agreement
• Creation of a unified, multi-party government in DR Congo, with Joseph Kabila as president
• Pretoria Accord; Rwandan withdrawal from DR Congo in exchange for commitment towards the disarmament of Hutu militias.
• The Transitional Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo is established, deployment of MONUC.
• End of the Angolan Civil War.
• Continuation of the Ituri conflict.
• Start of the Kivu conflict.

• FARDC victory against the CNDP in 2009 and the M23 movement in 2012
• CNDP becomes a political party in the DRC
• M23 movement signs peace agreement with the DRC government; renews fighting in 2022
• Conflict breaks out between Rwanda and the Congo in 2022
• FDLR, Mai-Mai militias and other armed groups still active in Eastern DRC
• UN and FARDC begin operation to defeat the FDLR and their allies at the start of 2015

Central African Republic

• Wagner Group^[58]

Supported by:
United States
(2011–2017)^[59][60][61] North Korea(until 1990s)

Lord's Resistance Army
Supported by:
Sudan (1994–2002)^[62]
Allied Democratic Forces

• Founder and leader of the LRA Joseph Kony goes into hiding
• Senior LRA commander Dominic Ongwen surrenders to American forces in the Central African Republic and is tried at the Hague^[63][64]
• Majority of LRA installations and encampments located in South Sudan and Uganda abandoned and dismantled
• Small scale LRA activity continues in eastern DR Congo, and the Central African Republic^[56]

Supported by:
MONUC
Rwanda (alleged)

• Rwandan-Congolese forces recaptured Dongo

• Katangese Gendarmerie (1960s)
• FLNC (1967–1991)
• Mai Mai Kata Katanga (since 2011)
• Mai Mai Gédéon
• CORAK
• CPK

Alleged Support:
FARDC elements^[66]
Katangese businessmen^[66]

FDLR
Mai Mai Yakutumba
CNPSC

MONUSCO

• Force Intervention Brigade
  • South Africa
  • Tanzania
  • Malawi^[67]

March 23 Movement
Alleged support:

• M23 disarms and demobilises^[69]

DR Congo

• Armed Forces (FARDC)

MONUSCO

• Force Intervention Brigade

ADF (1996–2015)

• NALU (early 1996)

ISIL^[70]

• IS-CAP^[71]
  • ADF-Baluku

ADF-Mukulu

• NALU

RCD/K-ML

• APC^[72]

Mai-Mai Kyandenga (2020–present)
Supported by: FARDC elements^[72]
LRA
Al-Shabaab^[70] (disputed)^[73]
Various Jihadi groups (Ugandan and MONUSCO claim)^[73]
Sudan (1990s; currently unknown)

Coalition of Patriots for Change (since 2020)

• Anti-balaka
• FPRC
• MPC elements^[d]

Séléka (2012–2014)

• CPJP
• CPSK
• UFDR
• FDPC
• FPR

UPC (2014–2025)
3R (2015–2025)

• Séléka rebel coalition takes power from François Bozizé.^[85]
• Michel Djotodia, the leader of Séléka, becomes president
• President Michel Djotodia abolishes Séléka
• Low-level fighting between Ex-Séléka factions and Anti-balaka militias.^[86]
• President Michel Djotodia resigns amid heavy international pressure. Interim government is formed
• Elections conducted in 2016 with Faustin-Archange Touadéra becoming the president
• De facto split between ex-Séléka factions controlled north and east and Anti-balaka controlled south and west with a Séléka faction declaring the Republic of Logone.^[87]
• Fighting between Ex-Séléka factions FPRC and UPC.
• Ex-president Bozizé merges all rebel groups and forms the Coalition of Patriots for Change.
• Elections in 2021 with Touadéra being re-elected as president.
• As of July 2021 the government controls more territory than at any point since the war began.^[88]

• Bana Mura^[89]
• Ecurie Mbembe^[90]
• Smaller pro-government groups

• Various independent militias