2022 in reptile paleontology
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| List of years in reptile paleontology |
|---|
This list of fossil reptiles described in 2022 is a list of new taxa of fossil reptiles that were described during the year 2022, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to reptile paleontology that occurred in 2022.
New taxa
| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type locality | Country | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Scarpetta & Ledesma |
A species of Abronia. |
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|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Unavailable |
Dong et al. |
Early Eocene |
A stem-varanid. The type species is A. lii. The electronic publication lacks registration information. |
 | |||
|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Smith, Bhullar & Bloch |
Early Eocene |
A member of Pan-Xenosaurus. The type species is B. oliviae. |
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|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Čerňanský et al. |
Early Eocene |
A member of Gekkota. The type species is D. dormaalensis. |
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|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Brownstein et al. |
A member of Pan-Scincoidea. The type species is E. ornatus. |
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|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Villa, Wings & Rabi |
Eocene |
A member of the family Sphaerodactylidae. The type species is G. delfinoi. |
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|
Nom. nov |
Valid |
Deshmukh et al. |
Early Paleocene (Danian) |
A macrostomatan snake related to caenophidians; a replacement name for Kataria Scanferla et al. (2013). |
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|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Brownstein et al. |
Late Jurassic (Tithonian) |
Morrison Formation |
A member of Pan-Scincoidea. The type species is M. borealis. |
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| Moqisaurus[8] | Gen. et sp. nov | In press | Dong, Wang, & Evans | Early Cretaceous (Aptian) |  China |
A basal squamate possibly related to Liushusaurus. The type species is M. pulchrum. | ||
|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Garberoglio, Triviño & Albino |
A madtsoiid snake. Genus includes new species P. andina. |
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| Sp. nov | Valid | Szyndlar & Georgalis | Late Miocene |  Spain |
A species of Psammophis. | |||
|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Čerňanský et al. |
A scincomorph lizard, possibly a member of Pan-Xantusiidae. The type species is R. hkamtiensis. |
 | ||||
|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Vasilyan et al. |
Miocene |
A member of the family Anguidae belonging to the subfamily Anguinae. The type species is S. echzellensis. |
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| Thalassotitan[13] | Gen. et sp. nov | In press | Longrich et al. | Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) | Ouled Abdoun Basin |  Morocco |
A mosasaurid in the tribe Prognathodontini. The type species is T. atrox. |  |
Research
- A study aiming to determine whether the squamate fossil record contains reliable phylogenetic information in spite of its incompleteness is published by Woolley et al. (2022).[14]
- The first fossil material of scincomorph lizards from the Campanian Nenjiang Formation (Jilin, China) is described by Yang et al. (2022).[15]
- Vullo et al. (2022) reinterpret the fossil material of Jeddaherdan aleadonta as Quaternary in age, and consider it to be a fossil material of a member of the genus Uromastyx.[16]
- First fossil material of galliwasp from Cuba reported to date is described from the Late Pleistocene of El Abrón Cave by Syromyatnikova & Aranda (2022), providing the first data on tooth and jaw morphology of Pleistocene galliwasps from Cuba.[17]
- Fossil material of Ophisaurus fejfari and Ophisaurus spinari is described from the early Pliocene of Moldova by Syromyatnikova, Klembara & Redkozubov (2022), representing the first Pliocene records of the genus Ophisaurus in Eastern Europe, and the first record of O. fejfari from the Pliocene reported to date.[18]
- Redescription of known fossil material of Saniwa orsmaelensis, as well as description of new fossil material from the Eocene of Belgium and France, is published by Augé et al. (2022).[19]
- A vertebra of a monitor lizard, representing the first published record of a non-snake squamate from the Neogene of Pakistan (probably Miocene Chinji Formation), is described by Villa & Delfino (2022), who evaluate the implications of this finding for the palaeoenvironmental reconstructions of the Siwaliks during the Miocene.[20]
- A study on the diversification of feeding and locomotory strategies of mosasauroids is published by Cross et al. (2022).[21]
- A study on the evolution of morphofunctional diversity of mosasaurids prior to the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event is published by MacLaren et al. (2022), who interpret their findings as indicating that taxonomic turnover in mosasaurid community composition from Campanian to Maastrichtian was reflected by a notable global increase in morphofunctional diversity, and that mosasaurid morphofunctional diversity was in decline in multiple provincial communities in the Late Maastrichtian before the Cretaceous–Paleogene mass extinction.[22]
- A study on the evolution of the skull in mosasaurids and early cetaceans during the first 20 million years of their evolutionary histories, testing for possible instances of ecomorphological convergence in the skulls and teeth between the groups, is published by Bennion et al. (2022).[23]
- Revision of the known mosasaur material from South Africa is published by Woolley, Chinsamy & Caldwell (2022), who recognize the presence of at least three mosasaur taxa in the Late Cretaceous deposits of South Africa, tentatively referred to cf. Prognathodon, cf. Taniwhasaurus and cf. Plioplatecarpinae.[24]
- A study on the individual age and life history of a halisaurine mosasaur known from a cervical vertebra from the Late Cretaceous (Campanian) Beloe Ozero locality (Saratov Oblast, Russia) is published by Grigoriev et al. (2022).[25]
- The first occurrences of Mosasaurus hoffmannii are reported from the Ouled Abdoun Basin (Morocco) by Rempert et al. (2022), extending the known range of this species.[26]
- Two isolated tooth crowns of a member of the genus Mosasaurus are described from the Late Cretaceous (Campanian–Maastrichtian) of Cuba by Viñola-López et al. (2022), representing the first record of mosasaurs from West Indies reported to date.[27]
- A study on the anatomy of the skull of Sanajeh indicus and on its implications for the knowledge of the evolution of features associated with wide-gaped feeding (macrostomy) in snakes, based on data from a new specimen, is published by Zaher et al. (2022).[28]
- Wazir et al. (2022) describe an isolated dorsal vertebra of a madtsoiid snake from the Oligocene Kargil Formation of the Ladakh Molasse Group (Ladakh Himalaya), providing evidence of the survival of madtsoiids in the Indian subcontinent at least to the end of the Paleogene.[29]
- Revision and a study on the phylogenetic affinities of Boavus is published by Onary et al. (2022).[30]
- Chuliver, Scanferla & Smith (2022) describe a gravid female of Messelophis variatus from the Messel pit (Germany preserved with at least two embryos, documenting the first known occurrence of viviparity in a fossil snake.[31]
- El-Hares et al. (2022) describe new fossil material of colubroidean snakes from the Eocene Birket Qarun Locality 2 (Egypt), including a vertebra of a member or a relative of the genus Procerophis (otherwise known from the early Eocene of India) and the first known caudal vertebrae of Renenutet enmerwer, as well as a vertebra representing the first record of an amphisbaenian from the Paleogene of Egypt reported to date.[32]
Ichthyosauromorphs
New Taxa
| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type Locality | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Ren et al. |
An early member of Ichthyosauromorpha . The type species is B. robustus |
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| Eurhinosaurus quenstedti[34] | Sp. nov | Maisch | Early Jurassic | Posidonia Shale |  Germany |
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| Magnipterygius[35] | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Maisch & Matzke | Early Jurassic | Posidonia Shale | Germany |
A stenopterygiid ichthyosaur. The type species is M. huenei | |
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Yakupova & Akhmedenov |
Late Jurassic |
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|
Nannopterygius yakimenkae[36] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Yakupova & Akhmedenov |
Late Jurassic |
||||
Research
- Qiao et al. (2022) describe a new specimen of Sclerocormus from the Lower Triassic (Olenekian) Nanlinghu Formation (China), recover the clade Omphalosauridae containing Omphalosaurus, Sclerocormus and Cartorhynchus, and describe the anatomy of the feeding apparatus of omphalosaurids as indicated by data from the new specimen.[37]
- Fossil material of ichthyopterygians, including a limb bone (probably a humerus) representing one of the largest specimens of early Spathian marine reptiles known to date, is described from the Lower Triassic Zhitkov Formation (Russky Island, Primorsky Krai, Russia) by Nakajima et al. (2022).[38]
- Fossil material of giant ichthyosaurs is described from the Upper Triassic Kössen Formation (Switzerland) by Sander et al. (2022), who evaluate the implications of the studied fossils for the knowledge of the global distribution and ecological diversity of giant Norian and Rhaetian ichthyosaurs.[39]
- A study on ichthyosaur vertebral centra from the Upper Jurassic Bernbjerg Formation (Greenland), aiming to determine whether vertebral ratios can be used to assign disarticulated and possibly weathered centra to a region in the vertebral column of ichthyosaurs, is published by Holm, Delsett & Alsen (2022).[40]
- Fossil material of ichthyosaurs is described from the Valanginian and Hauterivian of Austria by Lukeneder et al. (2022), who interpret the studied fossils as representing two distinct taxa, probably with different feeding ecologies, and evaluate the implications of these fossils for the knowledge of the diversity of ichthyosaurs in the Early Cretaceous.[41]
- Roberts, Engelschiøn & Hurum (2022) describe a new specimen of Phalarodon fraasi from the Ladinian Blanknuten Member of the Botneheia Formation (Svalbard, Norway), representing the first three-dimensional mixosaurid skull recovered from this formation.[42]
- Kelley et al. (2022) interpret an assemblage of skeletons of Shonisaurus from the Triassic Luning Formation (Nevada, United States) as evidence of grouping behavior.[43]
- A study on the dietary adaptations of juvenile specimens of Hauffiopteryx typicus and Stenopterygius triscissus from the Toarcian Strawberry Bank Lagerstätte (United Kingdom) is published by Jamison-Todd et al. (2022), who interpret their findings as indicating that S. triscissus had more robust rostrum and scavenged and hunting large fish or squid, while H. typicus relied more on bite speed than on bite force while hunting, and likely fished for smaller and softer prey.[44]
- A study on the anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of "Ichthyosaurus" zetlandicus is published by Laboury et al. (2022), who transfer this species to the genus Temnodontosaurus.[45]
- Lomax & Massare (2022) report the discovery of two casts of the first complete ichthyosaur skeleton introduced to the scientific community in 1819 by Everard Home, and assign this specimen to the genus Ichthyosaurus.[46]
- Lomax, Sachs & Hall (2022) describe a composite ichthyosaur specimen from the collection of the Reutlingen Natural History Museum, including bones of at least three individuals recovered from the Sinemurian of Charmouth-Lyme Regis area (Dorset, United Kingdom) and from the Toarcian Posidonia Shale (Germany) as well as forged elements, and identify the hindfins and pelvic bones as fossil material of a rare species Ichthyosaurus conybeari.[47]
- A study on the pre- and postnatal ontogenetic changes in the skull of Stenopterygius quadriscissus is published by Miedema & Maxwell (2022).[48]
- Two ichthyosaur specimens (a nearly complete skeleton of a member of the genus Aegirosaurus and an isolated tail of an indeterminate ichthyosaur) preserved with soft tissue are described from the Upper Jurassic (Tithonian) Eichstätt Plattenkalk (Germany) by Delsett et al. (2022).[49]
- Description of two specimens of Baptanodon natans from the Upper Jurassic (Oxfordian) Redwater Shale of the Sundance Formation (Wyoming, United States), providing new information on the morphology of the braincase of this ichthyosaur, is published by Massare & Connely (2022).[50]
- Revision of the nomenclature of the families of Late Jurassic and Cretaceous ichthyosaurs is published by Zverkov (2022).[51]
Sauropterygians
New taxa
| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type locality | Country | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eardasaurus[52] | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Ketchum & Benson | Middle Jurassic (Callovian) | Oxford Clay |  United Kingdom |
A pliosaur. The type species is E. powelli |  |
|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Xu et al. |
A pachypleurosaurid. The type species is H. longicaudalis. |
 | ||||
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Shang, Li & Wang |
Middle Triassic (Anisian) |
Guanling Formation |
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| Plesioelasmosaurus[55] | Gen. et sp. nov | Schumacher & Everhart | Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) | Greenhorn Limestone |  United States ( Kansas) |
An elasmosaurid. The type species is P. walkeri |  | |
|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Klein et al. |
Middle Triassic (Ladinian) |
A pachypleurosaur. The type species is P. scheffoldi. |
 | |||
|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Persons, Street & Kelley |
Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) |
A member of the family Polycotylidae. The type species is S. pfisterae. |
 | ||||
Research
- Description of two placodont dentaries from the Muschelkalk of the Netherlands and Germany, possibly belonging to a member of the genus Placodus belonging or related to the species P. gigas, and a study on the implications of these fossils for the knowledge of the ontogenetic changes in placodont dentaries is published by Klein et al. (2022).[58]
- Redescription of the holotype of Nothosaurus mirabilis is published by Klein, Eggmaier & Hagdorn (2022).[59]
- Redescription of the type material of Ischyrodon meriani is published by Madzia, Sachs & Klug (2022).[60]
- A study on the musculature of limbs of Cryptoclidus eurymerus, and on its implications of the knowledge of the locomotion of plesiosaurs, is published by Krahl et al. (2022).[61]
- A study comparing the flipper muscle functions and the ability to twist flippers in Cryptoclidus eurymerus and extant aquatic amniotes is published by Krahl & Werneburg (2022).[62]
- A study on the diversity and ontogenetic changes of cervical vertebral shapes in elasmosaurids is published by Brum et al. (2022).[63]
- Fossil material of plesiosaurs with features of Leptocleididae is described from the Cretaceous Kem Kem Group (Morocco) by Bunker et al. (2022), representing the first Moroccan plesiosaur material reported from a freshwater paleoenvironment and the youngest known representatives of Leptocleididae.[64]
- Description of new polycotylid material from the Maastrichtian La Colonia Formation (Argentina) and a study on the phylogenetic affinities of Sulcusuchus erraini is published by O'Gorman (2022).[65]
- Evidence from molecular analyses of modern and fossil skeletal samples, interpreted as indicating that the metabolic rates consistent with endothermy evolved independently in mammals and plesiosaurs, is presented by Wiemann et al. (2022).[66]
Turtles
New taxa
| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type stratum | Type locality | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
sp. nov |
Valid |
Obraztsova et al. |
Middle Jurassic (Bathonian) |
A member of the family Xinjiangchelyidae. |
||||
|
gen. et sp. nov |
In press |
Gentry, Kiernan & Parham |
A "macrobaenid"-grade freshwater turtle. The type species is A. ebersolei. |
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|
gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Tong et al. |
Late Cretaceous (Campanian) |
A member of the family Compsemydidae. The type species is C. matheroni. |
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|
sp. nov |
Valid |
Viñola-López & Almonte |
Late Quaternary |
A tortoise, a species of Chelonoidis. |
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|
sp. nov |
In press |
Vlachos, de la Fuente & Sterli |
Miocene |
A tortoise, a species of Chelonoidis. |
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|
sp. nov |
Valid |
Joyce, Landréat & Rollot |
Eocene (Bartonian) |
A pan-chelydrid. |
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|
sp. nov |
Jasinski |
Miocene-Pliocene (Hemphillian-Blancan) |
A species of Chrysemys. |
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|
sp. nov |
Valid |
Augustin et al. |
Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) |
A stem-pleurodiran belonging the family Dortokidae. Argued by Tong, Buffetaut & Claude (2022) to be more likely a species belonging to the dortokid genus Ronella.[75] |
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| Edowa[76] | gen. et sp. nov | Adrian et al. | Late Cretaceous (Turonian) | Moreno Hill Formation | United States (  New Mexico) |
A member of the family Baenidae. The type species is E. zuniensis. | ||
|
gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Bourque |
Miocene (Arikareean) |
Las Cascadas Formation |
A member of the family Geoemydidae belonging to the tribe Ptychogastrini. The type species is F. woodi. |
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|
gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
De la Fuente et al. |
Eocene |
A member of the family Podocnemididae. The type species is G. powelli. |
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|
sp. nov |
Valid |
Lichtig & Lucas |
Late Barstovian |
A tortoise. |
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|
sp. nov |
In press |
Jasinski et al. |
A member of Pan-Trionychidae belonging to the family Plastomenidae. |
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|
gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Edgar et al. |
A member of Pan-Trionychidae belonging to the family Plastomenidae. The type species is J. glaebosus. |
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|
gen. et sp. nov |
In press |
Brinkman et al. |
Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) |
A pan-kinosternid. The type species is L. tokaryki. |
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|
gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Castillo-Visa et al. |
Late Cretaceous (Campanian) |
A large marine turtle. The type species is L. aenigmatica. |
 | |||
|
gen. et sp. nov |
In press |
Pérez-García |
Pliocene |
A member of the family Podocnemididae belonging to the tribe Erymnochelyini. The type species is M. mbembe. |
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|
Sp. nov |
Maniel, de la Fuente & Filippi |
Late Cretaceous (Campanian) |
A member of the family Chelidae. |
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|
gen. et comb. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Valenti et al. |
Pliocene and Pleistocene |
A tortoise. The type species is "Testudo" robusta Leith-Adams (1877); genus also includes "Testudo" gymnesica Bate (1914), as well as new species S. sicula. |
.jpg) | |||
|
Sp. nov |
Carbot-Chanona et al. |
Oligocene (Arikareean) |
A pan-tortoise. |
|||||
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Pérez-García et al. |
Late Miocene |
A tortoise, a species of Testudo. |
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|
gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Joyce et al. |
Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) |
A member of the family Compsemydidae. The type species is T. enigmatica. |
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Research
- Review of the development and evolutionary history of the scute patterns of the carapace of extant and fossil turtles is published by Ascarrunz & Sánchez-Villagra (2022).[90]
- A study on the evolution of labyrinth morphology in living and fossil turtles is published by Evers et al. (2022), who interpret their findings as indicating that turtles have large relative labyrinth sizes that evolved independently to large labyrinths in other major vertebrate groups, and that labyrinth shape variation of turtles cannot be explained by ecology or neck function.[91]
- A study on the biogeography of non-marine turtles over the last 100 million years is published by Chiarenza et al. (2022), indicative of a latitudinal shift in the distribution toward the equator, likely due to declining temperature.[92]
- A clutch of turtle eggs with unique attributes of the eggshell is described from the Upper Cretaceous Kaiparowits Formation (Utah, United States) by Ferguson & Tapanila (2022), who name a new oospecies Testudoolithus tuberi.[93]
- Silva et al. (2022) describe burrows from the Maastrichtian Adamantina Formation (Brazil) which were probably produced by freshwater turtles, and argue that this findings supports the interpretation of the original function of turtle shells as an adaptation to fossorial behavior.[94]
- Description of the fossil material of turtles and tortoises from the Pleistocene of Crete (Greece) is published by Vlachos (2022), who rejects the validity of Testudo marginata cretensis as a distinct subspecies of the marginated tortoise.[95]
- Scheyer et al. (2022) describe the first specimen of Proganochelys quenstedtii from the Norian Klettgau Formation (Switzerland), providing new information on the cranial anatomy of this species.[96]
- A study on the histology of the shell of Proterochersis porebensis is published by Szczygielski & Słowiak (2022).[97]
- Revision of the helochelydrid shell remains from the Cretaceous (Albian to Cenomanian) English greensands is published by Joyce (2022), who considers the most likely type series of Trachydermochelys phlyctaenus to be a chimera, and designates a lectotype for this species.[98]
- Tong, Buffetaut & Claude (2022) describe an isolated costal of Dortoka vasconica from the Late Cretaceous (late Campanian-early Maastrichtian) of the Massecaps locality, extending known geographic range of this species to southern France, and interpreted by the authors as supporting the presence of two distinct lineages of Dortokidae in Western and Eastern Europe during the Late Cretaceous-Paleogene.[75]
- The first three-dimensional reconstructions of the skulls and main neuroanatomical structures (cranial, nasal and labyrinthic cavities, nervous and carotid canals) of two specimens belonging to the genus Galianemys are presented by Martín-Jiménez & Pérez-García (2022).[99]
- Description of the anatomy of the skull of Lakotemys australodakotensis is published by Rollot et al. (2022).[100]
- Description of the anatomy of the skull of Trinitichelys hiatti and a study on its affinities is published by Rollot et al. (2022).[101]
- Fossil material of Boremys pulchra, otherwise known from the Campanian of Montana and Alberta, is reported from the Hell Creek Formation of Montana by Adrian (2022), extending the stratigraphic range of the taxon through at minimum the latest Maastrichtian.[102]
- Fossils providing evidence of the presence of large-bodied trionychids in East Asian riverine or brackish waters during the Late Cretaceous are described from the Maastrichtian Isoai Formation (Japan) by Kato et al. (2022).[103]
- Danilov et al. (2022) describe fossil material of Campanian pan-chelonioid turtles from the Beloe Ozero locality (Rybushka Formation; Saratov Oblast, Russia), including specimens of Protostega gigas with estimated size corresponding to those of the largest specimens from North America, representing the first record of this species outside North America reported to date.[104]
- De La Garza et al. (2022) describe an exceptionally preserved pan-cheloniid sea turtle from the Eocene Fur Formation (Denmark), preserved with fossilized limb tissue revealing an originally soft, wrinkly skin devoid of scales, which coexisted with a bony carapace covered in scutes.[105]
- A study on the anatomy of the cast of the holotype specimen of Chinemys pani from the Pleistocene of Taiwan is published by Liaw & Tsai (2022), who interpret the holotype as a specimen of the Chinese pond turtle.[106]
- A study on the evolution of tortoise body size over the past 23 million years is published by Joos et al. (2022), who report evidence of limited variation of tortoise body size until the reduction of both mean body size and maximum body size in mainland tortoises in the Early Pleistocene and in island tortoises in the Late Pleistocene and Holocene.[107]
- Helm et al. (2022) report the discovery of tortoise tracks from the Pleistocene strata from South Africa's Cape south coast, providing evidence of presence of a trackmaker larger than extant tortoises from southern Africa.[108]
Archosauriformes
Archosaurs
Other archosauriforms
New taxa
| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type locality | Country | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Müller, Garcia & Fonseca |
Late Triassic (late Carnian/early Norian) |
A member of the family Proterochampsidae. Genus includes new species S. aurantiacus. |
 | |||
|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Chen & Liu |
Genus includes new species V. gaochangensis. Announced in 2022; the final article version was published in 2023. Initially identified as a possible proterochampsian archosauriform, but later identified as a probable non-saurian neodiapsid.[111] |
|||||
Research
- Fossils of possible members of the genera Chasmatosuchus and Proterosuchus are described from the Sanga do Cabral Formation by de-Oliveira et al. (2022), representing the first unambiguous archosauriform records from the Lower Triassic of Brazil reported to date.[112]
- Redescription and a study on the phylogenetic affinities of Sphodrosaurus pennsylvanicus is published by Ezcurra & Sues (2022), who reinterpret this taxon as a doswelliid.[113]
- Redescription and a study on the phylogenetic affinities of Proterochampsa nodosa is published by De Simão-Oliveira et al. (2022).[114]
- Fabbri & Bhullar (2022) describe the endocast of Euparkeria capensis, interpreting the brain morphology of Euparkeria as overall similar to those of phytosaurs, crocodilians and early dinosaurs.[115]
