Solar eclipse of March 20, 2034

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Gamma0.2894
Magnitude1.0458
Duration249 s (4 min 9 s)
Coordinates16°06′N 22°12′E / 16.1°N 22.2°E / 16.1; 22.2
Solar eclipse of March 20, 2034
Total eclipse
Map
Gamma0.2894
Magnitude1.0458
Maximum eclipse
Duration249 s (4 min 9 s)
Coordinates16°06′N 22°12′E / 16.1°N 22.2°E / 16.1; 22.2
Max. width of band159 km (99 mi)
Times (UTC)
Greatest eclipse10:18:45
References
Saros130 (53 of 73)
Catalog # (SE5000)9583

A total solar eclipse will occur at the Moon's descending node of orbit on Monday, March 20, 2034,[1] with a magnitude of 1.0458. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 1.3 days before perigee (on March 21, 2034, at 18:15 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter will be larger.[2]

Totality will be visible from the extreme southern tip of Benin, Nigeria, northern Cameroon, Chad, Sudan, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, northern India, and western China.[3] A partial eclipse will be visible for parts of eastern Brazil, Africa, Europe, the Middle East, Central Asia, and South Asia. Coincidentally, the eclipse passes through many Islamic countries around the date of Islamic New Year (estimated around March 20–21 according to local traditions, time zone and atmospheric conditions), and also passes through Iran only a few hours before the vernal equinox, marking the beginning of the Persian New Year. Since the Islamic lunar year is 11–12 days shorter than the solar year that the Iranian calendar observes, the Islamic New Year rotates through the seasons of the year, while the Persian one is on nearly fixed date on Gregorian calendar. It is an extremely rare case that the two new years meet. In addition, the March 2034 solar eclipse is expected to be the longest total solar eclipse since 1894.


Animated path

Eclipse timing

Places experiencing total eclipse

Solar Eclipse of March 20, 2034
(Local Times)
Country or territory City or place Start of partial eclipse Start of total eclipse Maximum eclipse End of total eclipse End of partial eclipse Duration of totality (min:s) Duration of eclipse (hr:min) Maximum magnitude
 NigeriaLagos09:02:2010:18:3710:20:0010:21:2211:48:042:452:461.0088
 NigeriaBenin City09:04:5510:23:1710:24:1510:25:1211:53:411:552:491.0036
 NigeriaAkure09:05:3010:23:1610:24:4110:26:0711:54:002:512:491.009
 NigeriaLokoja09:08:1010:26:5610:28:3610:30:1811:58:513:222:511.0137
 NigeriaMakurdi09:10:3210:31:0510:32:1610:33:2712:03:242:222:531.0053
 NigeriaLafia09:11:3210:31:3410:33:2410:35:1412:04:353:402:531.0181
 NigeriaGombe09:17:5910:40:3810:42:0010:43:2212:14:172:442:561.0068
 CameroonMaroua09:23:3910:49:3510:49:5010:50:0512:23:000:302:591.0004
 ChadN'Djamena09:27:1110:52:0410:53:5810:55:5412:27:083:503:001.0159
 Saudi ArabiaHafar Al-Batin12:58:5514:21:4614:22:4814:23:5015:38:542:042:401.005
 IranBushehr13:39:2514:59:5115:00:4215:01:3216:13:481:412:341.0036
 IranShiraz13:43:1315:02:0215:03:1815:04:3416:15:142:322:321.0097
 AfghanistanFarah15:00:5016:13:2316:14:3616:15:4917:20:492:262:201.0134
 AfghanistanGhazni15:09:3816:18:4316:19:3916:20:3617:22:431:532:131.008
 AfghanistanKhost15:11:3216:19:4116:20:4816:21:5517:23:122:142:121.0152
 PakistanPeshawar15:43:2016:50:4816:51:3716:52:2517:53:151:372:101.0058
 PakistanCharsadda15:43:3116:51:1316:51:4016:52:0817:53:120:552:101.0019
 PakistanAttock15:44:1716:51:0716:52:1216:53:1717:53:302:102:091.016
 PakistanMansehra15:45:0416:52:0916:52:2716:52:4417:53:210:352:081.001
 PakistanHavelian15:45:0516:51:3516:52:3316:53:3017:53:291:552:081.0096
 PakistanMuzaffarabad15:45:2116:52:1816:52:3516:52:5217:53:230:342:081.001
 PakistanIslamabad15:45:0416:51:3416:52:3816:53:4217:53:382:082:091.0149
 PakistanRawalpindi15:45:0516:51:3916:52:4016:53:4017:53:412:012:091.0116
 PakistanAusia15:45:2616:51:4316:52:4516:53:4617:53:332:032:081.0125
 IndiaBaramulla16:16:1817:22:1317:23:0817:24:0118:23:341:482:071.0084
 IndiaSopore16:16:2417:22:2117:23:0917:23:5718:23:321:362:071.0064
 IndiaSrinagar16:16:4917:22:2417:23:2617:24:2718:23:412:032:071.014
 IndiaShopian16:16:5617:22:4017:23:3517:24:3018:23:511:502:071.0091
 IndiaAnantnag16:17:1517:22:5017:23:4417:24:3818:23:521:482:071.0087
 IndiaLeh16:19:2617:23:4117:24:4117:25:4018:23:481:592:041.0153
References: [1]

Places experiencing partial eclipse

Solar Eclipse of March 20, 2034
(Local Times)
Country or territory City or place Start of partial eclipse Maximum eclipse End of partial eclipse Duration of eclipse (hr:min) Maximum coverage
 BrazilFortaleza05:38:11 (sunrise)05:40:2006:35:040:5788.56%
 LiberiaMonrovia07:51:0208:58:0910:15:022:2485.75%
 Ivory CoastYamoussoukro07:54:5609:06:0210:27:312:3389.49%
 Ivory CoastAbidjan07:54:0409:06:0410:28:362:3596.30%
 GhanaAccra07:57:3509:12:2610:37:562:4099.71%
 TogoLomé07:59:4009:15:4010:42:162:4399.62%
 São Tomé and PríncipeSão Tomé08:00:5609:18:2010:45:312:4577.86%
 BeninPorto-Novo09:01:3410:18:4111:46:172:4599.98%
 Equatorial GuineaMalabo09:06:2910:27:0011:57:032:5187.07%
 NigeriaAbuja09:10:5310:32:0312:02:422:5299.16%
 CameroonYaoundé09:10:5210:33:0012:03:532:5382.66%
 CameroonGaroua09:20:1310:45:3412:18:312:5898.16%
 ChadAbéché09:41:0111:10:5712:43:573:0398.79%
 SudanKhartoum11:11:4412:43:0514:10:402:5981.03%
 EgyptCairo11:31:0712:55:4814:16:452:4673.28%
 IraqBaghdad13:00:4614:21:3915:35:552:3581.20%
 Saudi ArabiaRiyadh12:57:3414:22:2515:38:562:4190.20%
 KuwaitKuwait City13:03:5414:26:2315:41:002:3799.84%
 BahrainManama13:07:2414:29:3615:43:182:3691.27%
 QatarDoha13:09:0514:30:4815:43:522:3586.40%
 IranTehran13:45:0815:01:5216:11:472:2780.26%
 United Arab EmiratesDubai14:17:2215:36:2516:46:512:2981.99%
 TurkmenistanAshgabat15:26:5816:39:2217:45:172:1877.97%
 UzbekistanTashkent15:40:3816:46:2817:46:482:0671.91%
 TajikistanDushanbe15:39:5516:47:4317:49:252:1082.19%
 AfghanistanKabul15:10:2816:19:5017:22:262:1298.17%
 PakistanLahore15:47:0416:54:0817:54:332:0793.62%
 IndiaNew Delhi16:21:3017:26:3218:24:582:0380.38%
 ChinaLhasa19:01:0819:59:2320:06:40 (sunset)1:0682.05%
 NepalKathmandu16:44:0717:44:3518:14:51 (sunset)1:3174.64%
References: [1]

Eclipse details

Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the Moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse.[4]

March 20, 2034 Solar Eclipse Times
Event Time (UTC)
First Penumbral External Contact 2034 March 20 at 07:41:11.9 UTC
First Umbral External Contact 2034 March 20 at 08:38:09.7 UTC
First Central Line 2034 March 20 at 08:38:58.0 UTC
First Umbral Internal Contact 2034 March 20 at 08:39:46.4 UTC
First Penumbral Internal Contact 2034 March 20 at 09:41:21.7 UTC
Ecliptic Conjunction 2034 March 20 at 10:15:45.2 UTC
Greatest Eclipse 2034 March 20 at 10:18:45.2 UTC
Greatest Duration 2034 March 20 at 10:19:41.8 UTC
Equatorial Conjunction 2034 March 20 at 10:28:24.9 UTC
Last Penumbral Internal Contact 2034 March 20 at 10:55:53.9 UTC
Last Umbral Internal Contact 2034 March 20 at 11:57:34.8 UTC
Last Central Line 2034 March 20 at 11:58:24.9 UTC
Last Umbral External Contact 2034 March 20 at 11:59:14.9 UTC
Last Penumbral External Contact 2034 March 20 at 12:56:10.5 UTC
March 20, 2034 Solar Eclipse Parameters
Parameter Value
Eclipse Magnitude 1.04582
Eclipse Obscuration 1.09374
Gamma 0.28942
Sun Right Ascension 23h59m32.7s
Sun Declination -00°02'58.0"
Sun Semi-Diameter 16'03.7"
Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 08.8"
Moon Right Ascension 23h59m11.3s
Moon Declination +00°13'42.6"
Moon Semi-Diameter 16'31.6"
Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 1°00'39.3"
ΔT 75.7 s

Characteristics

Eclipse path intersections

The path of the March 30, 2034 eclipse will cross the path of another solar eclipse less than 7 years earlier, the August 2027 solar eclipse, at a location on the southeastern coast of Egypt.[5] This is similar to the intersection in the paths of the August 2017 and April 2024 total solar eclipses in the United States, over southern Illinois, and in Turkey during the August 1999 and March 2006 solar eclipses; the intersections within these pairs of total eclipses also occurred about 7 years apart.[6][7] This phenomenon is considered to be unusual, since the average interval for any given spot on Earth to observe a total solar eclipse is about once every 375 years. The intersection patterns are caused by the dynamics of the Saros cycle.[6]

Eclipse season

This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.

Eclipse season of March–April 2034
March 20
Descending node (new moon)
April 3
Ascending node (full moon)
Total solar eclipse
Solar Saros 130		Penumbral lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 142

Related eclipses

References

External links

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